ASE’s Comprehensive Echocardiography

1. Chapter 12: Introduction to Transesophageal Echocardiography: Indications, Risks, Complications, and Protocol - p. g77 2. Chapter 13: Transesophageal Echocardiography Tomographic Views - p. g81 3. Chapter 14: Applications of Transesophageal Echocardiography - p. g92 4. Chapter 15: Pitfalls and Artifacts in Transesophageal Echocardiography - p. g100 5. Section IV: Handheld Echocardiography - p. g106 6. Chapter 16: Cardiac Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Background, Instrumentation, and Technique - p. g106 7. Chapter 17: Focused Cardiac Ultrasound in Emergency Clinical Settings - p. g113 8. Section V: Contrast Echocardiography - p. g120 9. Chapter 18: Ultrasound-Enhancing Agents - p. g120 10. Chapter 19: Physical Properties of Microbubble Ultrasound Contrast Agents - p. g125 11. Chapter 20: Applications of Ultrasound Contrast Agents - p. g129 12. Chapter 21: Use of Contrast in the Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Department - p. g132 13. Chapter 22: Technical Aspects of Contrast Echocardiography - p. g137 14. Section VI: Left Ventricular Systolic Function - p. g140 15. Chapter 23: Left Ventricular Systolic Function: Basic Principles - p. g140 16. Chapter 24: Global Left Ventricular Systolic Function: Ejection Fraction Versus Strain - p. g145 17. Chapter 25: Regional Left Ventricular Systolic Function - p. g149 18. Chapter 26: Myocardial Strain in Valvular Heart Disease - p. g154 19. Section VII: Right Heart - p. g161 20. Chapter 27: Right Ventricular Anatomy - p. g161 21. Chapter 28: The Physiologic Basis of Right Ventricular Echocardiography - p. g166 22. Chapter 29: Imaging the Right Heart: Limitations and Technical Considerations - p. g177 23. Chapter 30: Assessment of Right Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function - p. g184 24. Chapter 31: Right Ventricular Hemodynamics - p. g193 25. Chapter 32: The Right Atrium - p. g196 26. Chapter 33: Pulmonary Embolism - p. g201 27. Section VIII: Diastolic Function - p. g208 28. Chapter 34: Physiology of Diastole - p. g208 29. Chapter 35: Echo Doppler Parameters of Diastolic Function - p. g213 30. Chapter 36: Clinical Recommendations for Echocardiography Laboratories for Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and Filling Pressures - p. g220 31. Chapter 37: Causes of Diastolic Dysfunction - p. g224 32. Section IX: Left Atrium - p. g228 33. Chapter 38: Assessment of Left Atrial Size - p. g228 34. Chapter 39: Assessment of Left Atrial Function - p. g236 35. Section X: Ischemic Heart Disease - p. g240 36. Chapter 40: Ischemic Heart Disease: Which Test to Use? - p. g240 37. Chapter 41: Ischemic Heart Disease: Basic Principles - p. g247 38. Chapter 42: Acute Chest Pain Syndromes: Differential Diagnosis - p. g251 39. Chapter 43: Echocardiography in Acute Myocardial Infarction - p. g255 40. Chapter 44: Echocardiography in Stable Coronary Artery Disease - p. g259 41. Chapter 45: Old Myocardial Infarction - p. g262 42. Chapter 46: End-Stage Cardiomyopathy Due to Coronary Artery Disease - p. g269 43. Chapter 47: Coronary Artery Anomalies - p. g274 44. Chapter 48: Coronary Artery Imaging - p. g281 45. Section XI: Stress Echocardiography - p. g285 46. Chapter 49: Effects of Exercise, Pharmacologic Stress, and Pacing on the Cardiovascular System - p. g285 47. Chapter 50: Diagnostic Criteria and Accuracy - p. g290 48. Chapter 51: Stress Echocardiography: Methodology - p. g295 49. Chapter 52: Stress Echocardiography: Image Acquisition - p. g298 50. Chapter 53: Stress Echocardiography: Prognosis - p. g301 51. Chapter 54: Echocardiography for the Assessment of Myocardial Viability in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy - p. g304 52. Chapter 55: Ultrasound-Enhanced Stress Echocardiography - p. g307 53. Chapter 56: Stress Echocardiography for Valve Disease: Aortic Regurgitation and Mitral Stenosis - p. g317 54. Chapter 57: Stress Echocardiography: Comparison With Other Techniques - p. g320 55. Section XII: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies - p. g325 56. Chapter 58: Pathophysiology and Variants of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - p. g325 57. Chapter 59: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, Functional Features, and Treatment of Outflow Tract Obstruction - p. g322 58. Chapter 60: Differential of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Versus Secondary Conditions That Mimic Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - p. g338 59. Chapter 61: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Assessment of Therapy - p. g346 60. Chapter 62: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Screening of Relatives - p. g350 61. Chapter 63: Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - p. g353 62. Chapter 64: The Role of Echocardiography in the Screening and Evaluation of Athletes - p. g360 63. Chapter 65: Echocardiographic Assessment of Myocarditis - p. g366 64. Section XIII: Dilated and Other Cardiomyopathies - p. g371 65. Chapter 66: Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Echocardiographic Evaluation - p. g371 66. Chapter 67: Echocardiographic Predictors of Outcome in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy - p. g377 67. Chapter 68: Right Ventricle in Dilated Cardiomyopathy - p. g380 68. Chapter 69: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy: Classification - p. g385 69. Chapter 70: Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy - p. g387 70. Chapter 71: Hereditary and Acquired Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy - p. g391 71. Chapter 72: Endomyocardial Fibrosis - p. g395 72. Chapter 73: Restriction Versus Constriction - p. g402 73. Chapter 74: Echocardiography in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy - p. g409 74. Chapter 75: Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy - p. g412 75. Chapter 76: Familial Cardiomyopathies - p. g416 76. Chapter 77: Echocardiography in Cor Pulmonale and Pulmonary Heart Disease - p. g421 77. Section XIV: Aortic Stenosis - p. g427 78. Chapter 78: Aortic Stenosis Morphology - p. g427 79. Chapter 79: Quantification of Aortic Stenosis Severity - p. g438 80. Chapter 80: Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis - p. g452 81. Chapter 81: Aortic Stenosis: Risk Stratification and Timing of Surgery - p. g459 82. Chapter 82: Low-Flow, Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis With Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction - p. g463 83. Chapter 83: Low-Flow, Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction - p. g467 84. Chapter 84: Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis - p. g473 85. Chapter 85: Subaortic Stenosis - p. g477 86. Section XV: Aortic Regurgitation - p. g480 87. Chapter 86: Aortic Regurgitation: Etiologies and Left Ventricular Responses - p. g480 88. Chapter 87: Aortic Regurgitation: Pathophysiology - p. g485 89. Chapter 88: Quantitation of Aortic Regurgitation - p. g490 90. Chapter 89: Risk Stratification: Timing of Surgery and Percutaneous Interventions for Aortic Regurgitation - p. g493 91. Section XVI: Mitral Stenosis - p. g497 92. Chapter 90: Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis - p. g497 93. Chapter 91: Quantification of Mitral Stenosis - p. g504 94. Chapter 92: Nonrheumatic Etiologies of Mitral Stenosis: Situations That Mimic Mitral Stenosis - p. g508 95. Chapter 93: Role of Hemodynamic Stress Testing in Mitral Stenosis - p. g511 96. Chapter 94: Consequences of Mitral Stenosis - p. g515 97. Section XVII: Mitral Regurgitation - p. g520 98. Chapter 95: Etiologies and Mechanisms of Mitral Valve Dysfunction - p. g520 99. Chapter 96: Mitral Valve Prolapse - p. g523 100. Chapter 97: Secondary Mitral Regurgitation - p. g529 101. Chapter 98: Quantification of Mitral Regurgitation - p. g535 102. Chapter 99: Asymptomatic Severe Mitral Regurgitation - p. g541 103. Chapter 100: Role of Exercise Stress Testing in Mitral Regurgitation - p. g543 104. Section XVIII: Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valve Disease - p. g548 105. Chapter 101: Tricuspid Valve Complex: Anatomy by Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Echocardiography - p. g548 106. Chapter 102: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Natural History of Tricuspid Regurgitation - p. g556 107. Chapter 103: Quantification of Tricuspid Regurgitation - p. g560 108. Chapter 104: Indications for Tricuspid Valve Intervention - p. g568 109. Chapter 105: Imaging for Surgical and Percutaneous Tricuspid Valve Procedures - p. g572 110. Chapter 106: Device Lead–Associated Tricuspid Regurgitation - p. g580 111. Chapter 107: Pulmonic Regurgitation: Etiology and Quantification - p. g584 112. Chapter 108: Tricuspid and Pulmonic Stenosis - p. g588 113. Section XIX: Prosthetic Valves - p. g593 114. Chapter 109: Classification of Prosthetic Valve Types and Fluid Dynamics - p. g593 115. Chapter 110: Aortic Prosthetic Valves - p. g604 116. Chapter 111: Mitral Prosthetic Valves - p. g611 117. Chapter 112: Mitral Valve Repair - p. g618 118. Chapter 113: Tricuspid and Pulmonic Prosthetic Valves - p. g620 119. Section XX: Infective Endocarditis - p. g628 120. Chapter 114: Infective Endocarditis: Role of Transthoracic Versus Transesophageal Echocardiography - p. g628 121. Chapter 115: Echocardiography for Prediction of Cardioembolic Risk - p. g632 122. Chapter 116: Limitations and Technical Considerations in Infective Endocarditis - p. g637 123. Chapter 117: Echocardiography and Decision Making for Surgery - p. g642 124. Chapter 118: Intraoperative Echocardiography in Infective Endocarditis - p. g647 125. Section XXI: Pericardial Disease - p. g649 126. Chapter 119: Normal Pericardial Anatomy - p. g649 127. Chapter 120: Pericarditis - p. g654 128. Chapter 121: Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Tamponade - p. g657 129. Chapter 122: Constrictive Pericarditis - p. g662 130. Chapter 123: Effusive Constrictive Pericarditis - p. g667 131. Chapter 124: Pericardial Cysts and Congenital Absence of the Pericardium - p. g669 132. Section XXII: Tumors and Masses - p. g673 133. Chapter 125: Primary Benign, Malignant, and Metastatic Tumors of the Heart - p. g673 134. Chapter 126: Left Ventricular Thrombus - p. g681 135. Chapter 127: Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus - p. g684 136. Chapter 128: Right Heart Thrombi - p. g691 137. Chapter 129: Normal Anatomic Variants and Artifacts - p. g698 138. Section XXIII: Diseases of the Aorta - p. g706 139. Chapter 130: Aortic Atherosclerosis and Embolic Events - p. g706 140. Chapter 131: Aortic Aneurysm - p. g711 141. Chapter 132: Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm - p. g715 142. Chapter 133: Aortic Dissection - p. g721 143. Chapter 134: Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer and Intramural Hematoma - p. g726 144. Chapter 135: Blunt Aortic Trauma - p. g733 145. Chapter 136: Intraoperative Echocardiography - p. g740 146. Chapter 137: Postoperative Echocardiography of the Aorta - p. g743 147. Chapter 138: Aortitis - p. g749 148. Section XXIV: Adult Congenital Heart Diseases - p. g753 149. Chapter 139: Congenital Heart Disease: Basic Principles - p. g753 150. Chapter 140: Systematic Approach to Adult Congenital Heart Disease - p. g756 151. Chapter 141: Common Congenital Heart Defects Associated With Left-to-Right Shunts - p. g763 152. Chapter 142: Obstructive Lesions - p. g767 153. Chapter 143: The Adult With Unrepaired Complex Congenital Heart Defects - p. g778 154. Chapter 144: Adult Congenital Heart Disease With Prior Surgical Repair - p. g786 155. Section XXV: Systemic Diseases - p. g793 156. Chapter 145: Hypertension - p. g793 157. Chapter 146: Diabetes Mellitus - p. g798 158. Chapter 147: End-Stage Renal Disease - p. g803 159. Chapter 148: Obesity - p. g806 160. Chapter 149: Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease - p. g811 161. Chapter 150: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - p. g814 162. Chapter 151: Antiphospholipid Syndrome - p. g818 163. Chapter 152: Carcinoid Heart Disease - p. g821 164. Chapter 153: Amyloid - p. g825 165. Chapter 154: Sarcoidosis - p. g828 166. Chapter 155: Cardiac Involvement in Hypereosinophilic Syndrome - p. g831 167. Chapter 156: Endocrine Disease - p. g833 168. Chapter 157: Chagas Cardiomyopathy - p. g839 169. Chapter 158: Sickle Cell Disease - p. g842 170. Chapter 159: Human Immunodeficiency Virus - p. g846 171. Chapter 160: Cardiotoxic Effects of Cancer Therapy - p. g848 172. Chapter 161: Pregnancy and the Heart - p. g853 173. Chapter 162: Cocaine - p. g864 174. Chapter 163: Incidental Noncardiovascular Findings on Echocardiography - p. g867 175. Section XXVI: Interventional Echocardiography - p. g872 176. Chapter 164: Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - p. g872 177. Chapter 165: Mitral Valve Balloon Valvuloplasty - p. g879 178. Chapter 166: Percutaneous Mitral Edge-to-Edge Repair - p. g887 179. Chapter 167: Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement - p. g898 180. Chapter 168: Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation - p. g900 181. Chapter 169: Atrial and Ventricular Septal Defect Closure - p. g904 182. Chapter 170: Transcatheter Closure of Cardiac Pseudoaneurysms - p. g910 183. Chapter 171: Echocardiographic Imaging of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion - p. g913 184. Chapter 172: Periprosthetic Leaks - p. g920 185. Chapter 173: Echocardiography-Guided Biopsy of Intracardiac Masses - p. g930 186. Chapter 174: Vacuum Extraction of Intracardiac Masses - p. g934 187. Section XXVII: Echocardiography in Heart Failure - p. g938 188. Chapter 175: Systematic Echocardiographic Approach to Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy - p. g938 189. Chapter 176: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Impella, and Other Circulatory Mechanical Support - p. g948 190. Chapter 177: Post Heart Transplant Echocardiographic Evaluation - p. g955 191. Chapter 178: Pulmonary Hypertension - p. g962 192. Chapter 179: Echocardiography in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction - p. g968 193. Index - p. g973