Current, comprehensive, and evidence-based Braunwald’s Heart Disease remains the most trusted reference in the field and the leading source of reliable cardiology information for practitioners and trainees worldwide. The fully updated 12th Edition continues the tradition of excellence with dependable, state-of-the-art coverage of new drugs, new guidelines, more powerful imaging modalities, and recent developments in precision medicine that continue to change and advance the practice of cardiovascular medicine. Written and edited by global experts in the field, this award-winning text is an unparalleled multimedia reference for every aspect of this complex and fast-changing area.
1. Braunwald’s Heart Disease - p. i 2. Cover image - p. i 3. Title page - p. ii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Dedication - p. v 6. Contributors - p. vi 7. Preface - p. xviii 8. Preface to the First Edition - p. xix 9. Acknowledgments - p. xx 10. Updates to the Book, edited by Eugene Braunwald - p. xx 11. Videos - p. xx 12. Part I. Foundations of Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 1 13. 1. Cardiovascular Disease: Past, Present, and Future - p. 1 14. 2. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 14 15. 3. Impact of the Environment on Cardiovascular Health - p. 31 16. 4. Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 42 17. 5. Clinical Decision-Making in Cardiology - p. 53 18. 6. Impact of Health Care Policy on Quality, Outcomes, and Equity in Cardiovascular Disease - p. 62 19. Part II. Individualizing Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease - p. 69 20. 7. Applications of Genetics to Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 71 21. 8. Proteomics and Metabolomics in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 87 22. 9. Principles of Drug Therapeutics, Pharmacogenomics, and Biologics - p. 92 23. 10. Biomarkers and Use in Precision Medicine - p. 102 24. 11. Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 109 25. 12. Wearable Devices in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 117 26. Part III. Evaluation of the Patient - p. 122 27. 13. History and Physical Examination: An Evidence-Based Approach - p. 123 28. 14. Electrocardiography - p. 141 29. The Normal Electrocardiogram - p. 145 30. The Abnormal Electrocardiogram - p. 150 31. Future Perspectives - p. 173 32. References - p. 174 33. Guidelines: Electrocardiography - p. 174 34. 15. Exercise Physiology and Exercise Electrocardiographic Testing - p. 175 35. 16. Echocardiography - p. 196 36. Principles of Ultrasound and Instrumentation - p. 196 37. The Standard Adult Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination - p. 200 38. Transesophageal Echocardiography - p. 210 39. Three-Dimensional Echocardiography - p. 212 40. Ultrasound Enhancing Agents - p. 212 41. Myocardial Infarction - p. 216 42. Cardiomyopathies - p. 220 43. Stress Echocardiography - p. 224 44. Valvular Heart Disease - p. 226 45. Pericardial Disease - p. 240 46. Diseases of the Aorta - p. 244 47. Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 248 48. Infective Endocarditis - p. 248 49. Cardiac Masses - p. 253 50. Adult Congenital Heart Disease - p. 256 51. Transcatheter Interventions - p. 260 52. Appropriate Use Criteria - p. 266 53. References - p. 266 54. 17. Chest Radiography in Cardiovascular Disease - p. 268 55. 18. Nuclear Cardiology - p. 277 56. 19. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging - p. 314 57. 20. Cardiac Computed Tomography - p. 335 58. 21. Coronary Angiography and Intravascular Imaging - p. 363 59. 22. Invasive Hemodynamic Diagnosis of Cardiac Disease - p. 385 60. 23. Anesthesia and Noncardiac Surgery in Patients with Heart Disease - p. 410 61. Part IV. Preventive Cardiology - p. 424 62. 24. The Vascular Biology of Atherosclerosis - p. 425 63. 25. Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 442 64. Overview - p. 442 65. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment - p. 443 66. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease - p. 446 67. Cardiovascular Prevention in Women - p. 457 68. Lifestyle Factors and Interventions - p. 458 69. Pharmacologic Therapies - p. 462 70. Novel Approaches to Preventive Cardiology - p. 465 71. Gaps in the Evidence and Future Perspectives - p. 467 72. References - p. 468 73. 26. Systemic Hypertension: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment - p. 471 74. Definitions of Hypertension - p. 471 75. Epidemiology - p. 471 76. Pathophysiology - p. 473 77. Factors Involved in Predisposition to Hypertension - p. 478 78. A Diagnostic Approach to Primary Hypertension - p. 480 79. Diagnostic Approach for Secondary Hypertension - p. 484 80. Therapeutic Options and Approaches for Primary Hypertension - p. 490 81. Blood Pressure–Lowering Medications - p. 490 82. Therapeutic Options and Approaches for Subgroups Of Hypertension - p. 490 83. Management of Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease - p. 492 84. Heart Failure - p. 493 85. Resistant Hypertension - p. 494 86. Hypertensive Urgency and Emergency - p. 497 87. References - p. 498 88. 27. Lipoprotein Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 502 89. 28. Cardiovascular Disease Risk of Nicotine and Tobacco Products - p. 525 90. 29. Nutrition and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases - p. 531 91. 30. Obesity: Medical and Surgical Management - p. 547 92. 31. Diabetes and the Cardiovascular System - p. 556 93. 32. Exercise and Sports Cardiology - p. 579 94. 33. Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation - p. 588 95. 34. Integrative Approaches to the Management of Patients with Heart Disease - p. 593 96. Part V. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease - p. 597 97. 35. Approach to the Patient with Chest Pain - p. 599 98. 36. Coronary Blood Flow and Myocardial Ischemia - p. 609 99. 37. ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Pathophysiology and Clinical Evolution - p. 636 100. 38. ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Management - p. 662 101. Prehospital Management - p. 662 102. Management in the Emergency Department - p. 664 103. Reperfusion Therapy - p. 667 104. Hospital Management - p. 679 105. Hemodynamic Disturbances - p. 684 106. Arrhythmias - p. 699 107. Other Complications - p. 703 108. Convalescence, Discharge, and Post-Myocardial Infarction Care - p. 705 109. Future Perspectives and Emerging Therapies - p. 710 110. References - p. 710 111. 39. Non–ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 714 112. Epidemiology - p. 714 113. Pathophysiology - p. 714 114. Clinical Assessment - p. 715 115. Imaging - p. 718 116. Risk Assessment - p. 720 117. Management - p. 721 118. Groups of Special Interest - p. 732 119. Future Perspectives - p. 735 120. Guidelines: Non–ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 736 121. References - p. 736 122. 40. Stable Ischemic Heart Disease - p. 739 123. Magnitude of the Problem - p. 739 124. Stable Angina Pectoris - p. 739 125. Evaluation and Management - p. 742 126. Other Manifestations of Coronary Artery Disease - p. 777 127. Future Perspectives - p. 781 128. References - p. 781 129. 41. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - p. 786 130. Background - p. 786 131. Indications - p. 786 132. Coronary Devices - p. 787 133. Mechanical Circulatory Support - p. 790 134. Vascular Access - p. 792 135. Antiplatelet Agents - p. 793 136. Antithrombin Agents - p. 795 137. Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - p. 795 138. Future Perspectives - p. 797 139. References - p. 803 140. 42. Diseases of the Aorta - p. 806 141. The Normal Aorta - p. 806 142. Aortic Aneurysms - p. 806 143. Aortic Dissection - p. 818 144. Aortic Dissection Variants - p. 831 145. Aortoarteritis Syndromes - p. 832 146. Primary Tumors of the Aorta - p. 834 147. Future Perspectives - p. 834 148. References - p. 835 149. 43. Peripheral Artery Diseases - p. 837 150. 44. Treatment of Noncoronary Obstructive Vascular Disease - p. 859 151. 45. Prevention and Management of Ischemic Stroke - p. 870 152. Part VI. Heart Failure - p. 888 153. 46. Mechanisms of Cardiac Contraction and Relaxation - p. 889 154. 47. Pathophysiology of Heart Failure - p. 913 155. 48. Approach to the Patient with Heart Failure - p. 933 156. 49. Diagnosis and Management of Acute Heart Failure - p. 946 157. 50. Management of Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Ejection Fraction - p. 975 158. Etiology - p. 975 159. Prognosis - p. 975 160. Approach to the Patient - p. 978 161. Management of Fluid Retention - p. 981 162. Prevention of Disease Progression - p. 989 163. Management of Patients Who Remain Symptomatic - p. 998 164. Pharmacogenomics/Personalized Medicine - p. 1000 165. Management of Atherosclerotic Disease - p. 1000 166. Management of Valvular Disease - p. 1001 167. Special Populations - p. 1001 168. Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Therapy - p. 1001 169. Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1002 170. Device Therapy - p. 1002 171. Sleep-Disordered Breathing - p. 1002 172. Disease Management - p. 1003 173. Patients With Refractory End-Stage Heart Failure (Stage D) - p. 1003 174. Integration of Palliative Care Into Heart Failure Care - p. 1004 175. Pharmacogenomics - p. 1005 176. References - p. 1005 177. Digoxin - p. 1005 178. References - p. 1005 179. End of Life Care - p. 1005 180. References - p. 1005 181. Future Perspectives - p. 1005 182. References - p. 1005 183. 51. Heart Failure with Preserved and Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction - p. 1007 184. 52. The Dilated, Restrictive, and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies - p. 1031 185. 53. Cardiac Amyloidosis - p. 1052 186. 54. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - p. 1062 187. 55. Myocarditis - p. 1077 188. 56. Cardio-Oncology: Managing Cardiotoxic Effects of Cancer Therapies - p. 1091 189. 57. Cardio-Oncology: Approach to the Patient - p. 1099 190. 58. Devices for Monitoring and Managing Heart Failure - p. 1107 191. 59. Mechanical Circulatory Support - p. 1119 192. 60. Cardiac Transplantation - p. 1132 193. Part VII. Arrhythmias, Sudden Death, and Syncope - p. 1143 194. 61. Approach to the Patient with Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1145 195. 62. Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1163 196. 63. Genetics of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1191 197. 64. Therapy for Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1208 198. Pharmacologic Therapy - p. 1208 199. Electrotherapy for Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1227 200. Surgical Therapy for Tachyarrhythmias - p. 1241 201. References - p. 1243 202. 65. Supraventricular Tachycardias - p. 1245 203. 66. Atrial Fibrillation: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Management - p. 1272 204. 67. Ventricular Arrhythmias - p. 1288 205. 68. Bradyarrhythmias and Atrioventricular Block - p. 1312 206. 69. Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators - p. 1321 207. 70. Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death - p. 1349 208. Perspective - p. 1349 209. Definitions - p. 1349 210. Epidemiology - p. 1350 211. Causes of Sudden Cardiac Death - p. 1357 212. Clinical Features of Patients with Cardiac Arrest - p. 1367 213. Management of Cardiac Arrest - p. 1369 214. Prevention of Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death - p. 1377 215. Sudden Death and Public Safety - p. 1383 216. References - p. 1384 217. 71. Hypotension and Syncope - p. 1387 218. Part VIII. Diseases of the Heart Valves - p. 1397 219. 72. Aortic Valve Stenosis - p. 1399 220. 73. Aortic Regurgitation - p. 1419 221. 74. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - p. 1430 222. 75. Mitral Stenosis - p. 1441 223. 76. Mitral Regurgitation - p. 1455 224. 77. Tricuspid, Pulmonic, and Multivalvular Disease - p. 1473 225. 78. Transcatheter Therapies for Mitral and Tricuspid Valvular Heart Disease - p. 1484 226. 79. Prosthetic Heart Valves - p. 1495 227. 80. Infectious Endocarditis and Infections of Indwelling Devices - p. 1505 228. Infective Endocarditis - p. 1505 229. Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections - p. 1526 230. Left Ventricular Assist Device Infections - p. 1528 231. References - p. 1529 232. Guidelines: Infective Endocarditis - p. 1530 233. 81. Rheumatic Fever - p. 1531 234. Part IX. Diseases of the Myocardium, Pericardium, and Pulmonary Vasculature Bed - p. 1539 235. 82. Congenital Heart Disease in the Adolescent and Adult - p. 1541 236. General Considerations - p. 1541 237. Congenital Anatomy - p. 1544 238. Long-Term Considerations - p. 1545 239. Specific Defects - p. 1554 240. Pulmonary Hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome - p. 1582 241. References - p. 1585 242. 83. Catheter-Based Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease in Adults - p. 1587 243. 84. Cardiomyopathies Induced by Drugs or Toxins - p. 1593 244. 85. Cardiovascular Abnormalities in HIV-Infected Individuals - p. 1603 245. 86. Pericardial Diseases - p. 1615 246. 87. Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Vein Thrombosis - p. 1635 247. 88. Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 1656 248. 89. Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiac Disease - p. 1678 249. Part X. Cardiovascular Disease in Select Populations - p. 1686 250. 90. Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults - p. 1687 251. 91. Cardiovascular Disease in Women - p. 1710 252. 92. Pregnancy and Heart Disease - p. 1723 253. 93. Heart Disease in Racially and Ethnically Diverse Populations - p. 1743 254. Part XI. Cardiovascular Disease and Disorders of Other Organs - p. 1749 255. 94. Endemic and Pandemic Viral Illnesses and Cardiovascular Disease: Influenza and COVID-19 - p. 1751 256. 95. Hemostasis, Thrombosis, Fibrinolysis, and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1766 257. 96. Endocrine Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1791 258. 97. Rheumatic Diseases and the Cardiovascular System - p. 1809 259. 98. Tumors Affecting the Cardiovascular System - p. 1829 260. 99. Psychiatric and Psychosocial Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1841 261. 100. Neuromuscular Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1853 262. 101. Interface Between Renal Disease and Cardiovascular Illness - p. 1873 263. 102. Cardiovascular Manifestations of Autonomic Disorders - p. 1893 264. Disclosure Index - p. DI-1 265. Index - p. I-1
Current, comprehensive, and evidence-based Braunwald’s Heart Disease remains the most trusted reference in the field and the leading source of reliable cardiology information for practitioners and trainees worldwide. The fully updated 12th Edition continues the tradition of excellence with dependable, state-of-the-art coverage of new drugs, new guidelines, more powerful imaging modalities, and recent developments in precision medicine that continue to change and advance the practice of cardiovascular medicine. Written and edited by global experts in the field, this award-winning text is an unparalleled multimedia reference for every aspect of this complex and fast-changing area.
1. Braunwald’s Heart Disease - p. i 2. Cover image - p. i 3. Title page - p. ii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Dedication - p. v 6. Contributors - p. vi 7. Preface - p. xviii 8. Preface to the First Edition - p. xix 9. Acknowledgments - p. xx 10. Updates to the Book, edited by Eugene Braunwald - p. xx 11. Videos - p. xx 12. Part I. Foundations of Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 1 13. 1. Cardiovascular Disease: Past, Present, and Future - p. 1 14. 2. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 14 15. 3. Impact of the Environment on Cardiovascular Health - p. 31 16. 4. Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 42 17. 5. Clinical Decision-Making in Cardiology - p. 53 18. 6. Impact of Health Care Policy on Quality, Outcomes, and Equity in Cardiovascular Disease - p. 62 19. Part II. Individualizing Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease - p. 69 20. 7. Applications of Genetics to Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 71 21. 8. Proteomics and Metabolomics in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 87 22. 9. Principles of Drug Therapeutics, Pharmacogenomics, and Biologics - p. 92 23. 10. Biomarkers and Use in Precision Medicine - p. 102 24. 11. Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 109 25. 12. Wearable Devices in Cardiovascular Medicine - p. 117 26. Part III. Evaluation of the Patient - p. 122 27. 13. History and Physical Examination: An Evidence-Based Approach - p. 123 28. 14. Electrocardiography - p. 141 29. The Normal Electrocardiogram - p. 145 30. The Abnormal Electrocardiogram - p. 150 31. Future Perspectives - p. 173 32. References - p. 174 33. Guidelines: Electrocardiography - p. 174 34. 15. Exercise Physiology and Exercise Electrocardiographic Testing - p. 175 35. 16. Echocardiography - p. 196 36. Principles of Ultrasound and Instrumentation - p. 196 37. The Standard Adult Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination - p. 200 38. Transesophageal Echocardiography - p. 210 39. Three-Dimensional Echocardiography - p. 212 40. Ultrasound Enhancing Agents - p. 212 41. Myocardial Infarction - p. 216 42. Cardiomyopathies - p. 220 43. Stress Echocardiography - p. 224 44. Valvular Heart Disease - p. 226 45. Pericardial Disease - p. 240 46. Diseases of the Aorta - p. 244 47. Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 248 48. Infective Endocarditis - p. 248 49. Cardiac Masses - p. 253 50. Adult Congenital Heart Disease - p. 256 51. Transcatheter Interventions - p. 260 52. Appropriate Use Criteria - p. 266 53. References - p. 266 54. 17. Chest Radiography in Cardiovascular Disease - p. 268 55. 18. Nuclear Cardiology - p. 277 56. 19. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging - p. 314 57. 20. Cardiac Computed Tomography - p. 335 58. 21. Coronary Angiography and Intravascular Imaging - p. 363 59. 22. Invasive Hemodynamic Diagnosis of Cardiac Disease - p. 385 60. 23. Anesthesia and Noncardiac Surgery in Patients with Heart Disease - p. 410 61. Part IV. Preventive Cardiology - p. 424 62. 24. The Vascular Biology of Atherosclerosis - p. 425 63. 25. Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 442 64. Overview - p. 442 65. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment - p. 443 66. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease - p. 446 67. Cardiovascular Prevention in Women - p. 457 68. Lifestyle Factors and Interventions - p. 458 69. Pharmacologic Therapies - p. 462 70. Novel Approaches to Preventive Cardiology - p. 465 71. Gaps in the Evidence and Future Perspectives - p. 467 72. References - p. 468 73. 26. Systemic Hypertension: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment - p. 471 74. Definitions of Hypertension - p. 471 75. Epidemiology - p. 471 76. Pathophysiology - p. 473 77. Factors Involved in Predisposition to Hypertension - p. 478 78. A Diagnostic Approach to Primary Hypertension - p. 480 79. Diagnostic Approach for Secondary Hypertension - p. 484 80. Therapeutic Options and Approaches for Primary Hypertension - p. 490 81. Blood Pressure–Lowering Medications - p. 490 82. Therapeutic Options and Approaches for Subgroups Of Hypertension - p. 490 83. Management of Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease - p. 492 84. Heart Failure - p. 493 85. Resistant Hypertension - p. 494 86. Hypertensive Urgency and Emergency - p. 497 87. References - p. 498 88. 27. Lipoprotein Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 502 89. 28. Cardiovascular Disease Risk of Nicotine and Tobacco Products - p. 525 90. 29. Nutrition and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases - p. 531 91. 30. Obesity: Medical and Surgical Management - p. 547 92. 31. Diabetes and the Cardiovascular System - p. 556 93. 32. Exercise and Sports Cardiology - p. 579 94. 33. Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation - p. 588 95. 34. Integrative Approaches to the Management of Patients with Heart Disease - p. 593 96. Part V. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease - p. 597 97. 35. Approach to the Patient with Chest Pain - p. 599 98. 36. Coronary Blood Flow and Myocardial Ischemia - p. 609 99. 37. ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Pathophysiology and Clinical Evolution - p. 636 100. 38. ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Management - p. 662 101. Prehospital Management - p. 662 102. Management in the Emergency Department - p. 664 103. Reperfusion Therapy - p. 667 104. Hospital Management - p. 679 105. Hemodynamic Disturbances - p. 684 106. Arrhythmias - p. 699 107. Other Complications - p. 703 108. Convalescence, Discharge, and Post-Myocardial Infarction Care - p. 705 109. Future Perspectives and Emerging Therapies - p. 710 110. References - p. 710 111. 39. Non–ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 714 112. Epidemiology - p. 714 113. Pathophysiology - p. 714 114. Clinical Assessment - p. 715 115. Imaging - p. 718 116. Risk Assessment - p. 720 117. Management - p. 721 118. Groups of Special Interest - p. 732 119. Future Perspectives - p. 735 120. Guidelines: Non–ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 736 121. References - p. 736 122. 40. Stable Ischemic Heart Disease - p. 739 123. Magnitude of the Problem - p. 739 124. Stable Angina Pectoris - p. 739 125. Evaluation and Management - p. 742 126. Other Manifestations of Coronary Artery Disease - p. 777 127. Future Perspectives - p. 781 128. References - p. 781 129. 41. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - p. 786 130. Background - p. 786 131. Indications - p. 786 132. Coronary Devices - p. 787 133. Mechanical Circulatory Support - p. 790 134. Vascular Access - p. 792 135. Antiplatelet Agents - p. 793 136. Antithrombin Agents - p. 795 137. Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - p. 795 138. Future Perspectives - p. 797 139. References - p. 803 140. 42. Diseases of the Aorta - p. 806 141. The Normal Aorta - p. 806 142. Aortic Aneurysms - p. 806 143. Aortic Dissection - p. 818 144. Aortic Dissection Variants - p. 831 145. Aortoarteritis Syndromes - p. 832 146. Primary Tumors of the Aorta - p. 834 147. Future Perspectives - p. 834 148. References - p. 835 149. 43. Peripheral Artery Diseases - p. 837 150. 44. Treatment of Noncoronary Obstructive Vascular Disease - p. 859 151. 45. Prevention and Management of Ischemic Stroke - p. 870 152. Part VI. Heart Failure - p. 888 153. 46. Mechanisms of Cardiac Contraction and Relaxation - p. 889 154. 47. Pathophysiology of Heart Failure - p. 913 155. 48. Approach to the Patient with Heart Failure - p. 933 156. 49. Diagnosis and Management of Acute Heart Failure - p. 946 157. 50. Management of Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Ejection Fraction - p. 975 158. Etiology - p. 975 159. Prognosis - p. 975 160. Approach to the Patient - p. 978 161. Management of Fluid Retention - p. 981 162. Prevention of Disease Progression - p. 989 163. Management of Patients Who Remain Symptomatic - p. 998 164. Pharmacogenomics/Personalized Medicine - p. 1000 165. Management of Atherosclerotic Disease - p. 1000 166. Management of Valvular Disease - p. 1001 167. Special Populations - p. 1001 168. Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Therapy - p. 1001 169. Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1002 170. Device Therapy - p. 1002 171. Sleep-Disordered Breathing - p. 1002 172. Disease Management - p. 1003 173. Patients With Refractory End-Stage Heart Failure (Stage D) - p. 1003 174. Integration of Palliative Care Into Heart Failure Care - p. 1004 175. Pharmacogenomics - p. 1005 176. References - p. 1005 177. Digoxin - p. 1005 178. References - p. 1005 179. End of Life Care - p. 1005 180. References - p. 1005 181. Future Perspectives - p. 1005 182. References - p. 1005 183. 51. Heart Failure with Preserved and Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction - p. 1007 184. 52. The Dilated, Restrictive, and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies - p. 1031 185. 53. Cardiac Amyloidosis - p. 1052 186. 54. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - p. 1062 187. 55. Myocarditis - p. 1077 188. 56. Cardio-Oncology: Managing Cardiotoxic Effects of Cancer Therapies - p. 1091 189. 57. Cardio-Oncology: Approach to the Patient - p. 1099 190. 58. Devices for Monitoring and Managing Heart Failure - p. 1107 191. 59. Mechanical Circulatory Support - p. 1119 192. 60. Cardiac Transplantation - p. 1132 193. Part VII. Arrhythmias, Sudden Death, and Syncope - p. 1143 194. 61. Approach to the Patient with Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1145 195. 62. Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1163 196. 63. Genetics of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1191 197. 64. Therapy for Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1208 198. Pharmacologic Therapy - p. 1208 199. Electrotherapy for Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1227 200. Surgical Therapy for Tachyarrhythmias - p. 1241 201. References - p. 1243 202. 65. Supraventricular Tachycardias - p. 1245 203. 66. Atrial Fibrillation: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Management - p. 1272 204. 67. Ventricular Arrhythmias - p. 1288 205. 68. Bradyarrhythmias and Atrioventricular Block - p. 1312 206. 69. Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators - p. 1321 207. 70. Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death - p. 1349 208. Perspective - p. 1349 209. Definitions - p. 1349 210. Epidemiology - p. 1350 211. Causes of Sudden Cardiac Death - p. 1357 212. Clinical Features of Patients with Cardiac Arrest - p. 1367 213. Management of Cardiac Arrest - p. 1369 214. Prevention of Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death - p. 1377 215. Sudden Death and Public Safety - p. 1383 216. References - p. 1384 217. 71. Hypotension and Syncope - p. 1387 218. Part VIII. Diseases of the Heart Valves - p. 1397 219. 72. Aortic Valve Stenosis - p. 1399 220. 73. Aortic Regurgitation - p. 1419 221. 74. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - p. 1430 222. 75. Mitral Stenosis - p. 1441 223. 76. Mitral Regurgitation - p. 1455 224. 77. Tricuspid, Pulmonic, and Multivalvular Disease - p. 1473 225. 78. Transcatheter Therapies for Mitral and Tricuspid Valvular Heart Disease - p. 1484 226. 79. Prosthetic Heart Valves - p. 1495 227. 80. Infectious Endocarditis and Infections of Indwelling Devices - p. 1505 228. Infective Endocarditis - p. 1505 229. Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections - p. 1526 230. Left Ventricular Assist Device Infections - p. 1528 231. References - p. 1529 232. Guidelines: Infective Endocarditis - p. 1530 233. 81. Rheumatic Fever - p. 1531 234. Part IX. Diseases of the Myocardium, Pericardium, and Pulmonary Vasculature Bed - p. 1539 235. 82. Congenital Heart Disease in the Adolescent and Adult - p. 1541 236. General Considerations - p. 1541 237. Congenital Anatomy - p. 1544 238. Long-Term Considerations - p. 1545 239. Specific Defects - p. 1554 240. Pulmonary Hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome - p. 1582 241. References - p. 1585 242. 83. Catheter-Based Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease in Adults - p. 1587 243. 84. Cardiomyopathies Induced by Drugs or Toxins - p. 1593 244. 85. Cardiovascular Abnormalities in HIV-Infected Individuals - p. 1603 245. 86. Pericardial Diseases - p. 1615 246. 87. Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Vein Thrombosis - p. 1635 247. 88. Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 1656 248. 89. Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiac Disease - p. 1678 249. Part X. Cardiovascular Disease in Select Populations - p. 1686 250. 90. Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults - p. 1687 251. 91. Cardiovascular Disease in Women - p. 1710 252. 92. Pregnancy and Heart Disease - p. 1723 253. 93. Heart Disease in Racially and Ethnically Diverse Populations - p. 1743 254. Part XI. Cardiovascular Disease and Disorders of Other Organs - p. 1749 255. 94. Endemic and Pandemic Viral Illnesses and Cardiovascular Disease: Influenza and COVID-19 - p. 1751 256. 95. Hemostasis, Thrombosis, Fibrinolysis, and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1766 257. 96. Endocrine Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1791 258. 97. Rheumatic Diseases and the Cardiovascular System - p. 1809 259. 98. Tumors Affecting the Cardiovascular System - p. 1829 260. 99. Psychiatric and Psychosocial Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1841 261. 100. Neuromuscular Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1853 262. 101. Interface Between Renal Disease and Cardiovascular Illness - p. 1873 263. 102. Cardiovascular Manifestations of Autonomic Disorders - p. 1893 264. Disclosure Index - p. DI-1 265. Index - p. I-1
