This volume presents recent empirical advances using neuroscience techniques to investigate how culture influences neural processes underlying a wide range of human abilities, from perception and scene processing to memory and social cognition. It also highlights the theoretical and methodological issues with conducting cultural neuroscience research. Section I provides diverse theoretical perspectives on how culture and biology interact are represented. Sections II –VI is to demonstrate how cultural values, beliefs, practices and experience affect neural systems underlying a wide range of human behavior from perception and cognition to emotion, social cognition and decision-making. The final section presents arguments for integrating the study of culture and the human brain by providing an explicit articulation of how the study of culture can inform the study of the brain and vice versa.
1. Introduction 2. Conclusion 3. Acknowledgments 4. Brain in macro experiential context: biocultural co-construction of lifespan neurocognitive development 5. Introduction 6. Co-constructive views of brain development and functioning 7. Initial evidence of biocultural co-construction of neurocognitive functioning 8. Future research directions and conclusion 9. Acknowledgments 10. Anthropology and cultural neuroscience: creating productive intersections in parallel fields 11. Introduction 12. Sociocultural construction of emotion 13. Dominance, power, and social hierarchy 14. Embodiment of social knowledge 15. Ritual 16. Conclusion 17. The brain in culture and culture in the brain: a review of core issues in neuroanthropology 18. Introduction 19. The brain in culture: how the brain generates culture 20. Culture in the brain: how culture influences brain function 21. Concluding remarks 22. Cultural constraints on music perception and cognition 23. Foundations of music enculturation 24. Interacting with complex musical structures 25. Culture and musical memory 26. Future directions 27. Culture and attention: evidence from brain and behavior 28. Behavioral studies of attention 29. Neuroscience of attention and object processing 30. Conclusion 31. Culture sculpts the perceptual brain 32. Introduction 33. Cultural differences in perception and attention to objects and contexts 34. Cultural differences in ventral visual brain function 35. Conclusion 36. Neuropsychological assessment of African children: evidence for a universal brain/behavior omnibus within a coconstructivist paradigm 37. Four models on the relationship between cognitive ability and culture 38. The coconstructivist approach to biocultural interactionism 39. Persisting neuropsychological impairment from cerebral malaria in Ugandan children 40. The sensitivity of dynamic testing measures to brain/behavior integrity 41. Brain plasticity and the use of computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapy 42. Cross-cultural neuropsychological findings comparing sickle-cell disease to cerebral malaria 43. Sensitivity of the working memory domain to HIV 44. Sensitivity of the motor development domain to HIV 45. HIV effects on executive functioning in American and European children 46. Using HIV to establish a universal basis to cognitive ability 47. Using quality of home environment to establish a universal basis to cognitive ability 48. Evidence for biogenetic arrays linked to attention 49. The use of MRI imaging with cross-cultural neuropsychology to study attention in Malawian children 50. A summary of the utility of omnibus as a modeling construct within coconstructivism 51. Summarizing how cross-cultural neuropsychology supports coconstructivism as a powerful paradigm in understanding intelligence and culture 52. Overview and conclusion 53. Abbreviations 54. Acknowledgments 55. Cultural influences on memory 56. Overview 57. Organization of long-term memory 58. Specificity of memory 59. Influence of culture on memory: neural and behavioral findings 60. Conclusion 61. Acknowledgments 62. Numbers in the cultural brain 63. Language 64. Educational systems 65. Arithmetic strategies 66. Genetic and early environmental factors 67. Future directions 68. Acknowledgments 69. Cultural neurolinguistics 70. The language brain 71. Major differences in language systems 72. Different neural networks underlying different languages 73. Second-language learning 74. Integrating culture into neurolinguistics 75. Acknowledgments 76. Culture in the mind's mirror: how anthropology and neuroscience can inform a model of the neural substrate for cultural imitative learning 77. Introduction 78. Section I: cultural learning and imitation — theory and behavior 79. Section II: candidate neural mechanisms of imitative cultural learning 80. Section III: a model of the neural architecture of cultural imitative learning and future directions 81. Conclusion 82. Acknowledgments 83. The cultural neuroscience of person perception 84. Perception as cultural affordance 85. Cultural impact on nonsocial perception 86. Cultural influences on perceiving other people 87. Conclusions 88. Abbreviations 89. Acknowledgment 90. Understanding the self: a cultural neuroscience approach 91. Introduction 92. Neural correlates of self-related processing 93. Cultural influence on neural substrates of self-related processing 94. Conclusion 95. Acknowledgments 96. Cultural effects on the neural basis of theory of mind 97. Introduction 98. Behavioral explorations of cultural variation in theory of mind development 99. Brain imaging explorations of neural correlates of theory of mind 100. Putative neural correlates of theory of mind: universal or culture dependent? 101. Limitations and future directions in cultural neuroimaging studies of theory of mind 102. Conclusion 103. Acknowledgments 104. Culture and social support: neural bases and biological impact 105. Cultural factors affecting the likelihood of seeking social support 106. Cultural differences in attention to context 107. Cultural differences in the importance of expression 108. Culture and different forms of social support 109. Neural pathways for social support effects 110. Genes X culture interactions in social support use 111. Conclusions 112. Acknowledgments 113. Neuroeconomics: in search of the neural representation of brands 114. Introduction: brands as cultural symbols 115. Investigating brand-related behavior with neuroimaging tools 116. Brands as somatic markers 117. Neural representation of favorite brands 118. Secondary inducers of reward: social incentives 119. Brain responses to luxury brands 120. Ethical aspects 121. Conclusion and future directions 122. Acknowledgments 123. “Neuroarchaeology”: exploring the links between neural and cultural plasticity 124. Introduction: what is neuroarchaeology? 125. Foundational issues: theoretical and methodological challenges 126. Steps to a “neuroarchaeology of mind”: bridging the gap between neural and cultural plasticity 127. Some concluding thoughts 128. Acknowledgments 129. Cultural neuroscience and psychopathology: prospects for cultural psychiatry 130. Introduction 131. Scanning “culture” and generating identities 132. Essentializing culture in the brain 133. Locating culture in the social world 134. Culture and psychopathology 135. Culture and developmental psychopathology: the example of conduct disorder (CD) and aggression in adolescence 136. Conclusion 137. Cultural neuroscience: a once and future discipline 138. Introduction 139. What is cultural neuroscience? 140. Why study cultural influences on brain function? 141. Theory and methods in cultural neuroscience 142. Cultural influences on brain function: progress in cultural neuroscience 143. Implications of cultural neuroscience for basic and applied research 144. Cultural neuroscience as a once and future discipline 145. Acknowledgments
This volume presents recent empirical advances using neuroscience techniques to investigate how culture influences neural processes underlying a wide range of human abilities, from perception and scene processing to memory and social cognition. It also highlights the theoretical and methodological issues with conducting cultural neuroscience research. Section I provides diverse theoretical perspectives on how culture and biology interact are represented. Sections II –VI is to demonstrate how cultural values, beliefs, practices and experience affect neural systems underlying a wide range of human behavior from perception and cognition to emotion, social cognition and decision-making. The final section presents arguments for integrating the study of culture and the human brain by providing an explicit articulation of how the study of culture can inform the study of the brain and vice versa.
1. Introduction 2. Conclusion 3. Acknowledgments 4. Brain in macro experiential context: biocultural co-construction of lifespan neurocognitive development 5. Introduction 6. Co-constructive views of brain development and functioning 7. Initial evidence of biocultural co-construction of neurocognitive functioning 8. Future research directions and conclusion 9. Acknowledgments 10. Anthropology and cultural neuroscience: creating productive intersections in parallel fields 11. Introduction 12. Sociocultural construction of emotion 13. Dominance, power, and social hierarchy 14. Embodiment of social knowledge 15. Ritual 16. Conclusion 17. The brain in culture and culture in the brain: a review of core issues in neuroanthropology 18. Introduction 19. The brain in culture: how the brain generates culture 20. Culture in the brain: how culture influences brain function 21. Concluding remarks 22. Cultural constraints on music perception and cognition 23. Foundations of music enculturation 24. Interacting with complex musical structures 25. Culture and musical memory 26. Future directions 27. Culture and attention: evidence from brain and behavior 28. Behavioral studies of attention 29. Neuroscience of attention and object processing 30. Conclusion 31. Culture sculpts the perceptual brain 32. Introduction 33. Cultural differences in perception and attention to objects and contexts 34. Cultural differences in ventral visual brain function 35. Conclusion 36. Neuropsychological assessment of African children: evidence for a universal brain/behavior omnibus within a coconstructivist paradigm 37. Four models on the relationship between cognitive ability and culture 38. The coconstructivist approach to biocultural interactionism 39. Persisting neuropsychological impairment from cerebral malaria in Ugandan children 40. The sensitivity of dynamic testing measures to brain/behavior integrity 41. Brain plasticity and the use of computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapy 42. Cross-cultural neuropsychological findings comparing sickle-cell disease to cerebral malaria 43. Sensitivity of the working memory domain to HIV 44. Sensitivity of the motor development domain to HIV 45. HIV effects on executive functioning in American and European children 46. Using HIV to establish a universal basis to cognitive ability 47. Using quality of home environment to establish a universal basis to cognitive ability 48. Evidence for biogenetic arrays linked to attention 49. The use of MRI imaging with cross-cultural neuropsychology to study attention in Malawian children 50. A summary of the utility of omnibus as a modeling construct within coconstructivism 51. Summarizing how cross-cultural neuropsychology supports coconstructivism as a powerful paradigm in understanding intelligence and culture 52. Overview and conclusion 53. Abbreviations 54. Acknowledgments 55. Cultural influences on memory 56. Overview 57. Organization of long-term memory 58. Specificity of memory 59. Influence of culture on memory: neural and behavioral findings 60. Conclusion 61. Acknowledgments 62. Numbers in the cultural brain 63. Language 64. Educational systems 65. Arithmetic strategies 66. Genetic and early environmental factors 67. Future directions 68. Acknowledgments 69. Cultural neurolinguistics 70. The language brain 71. Major differences in language systems 72. Different neural networks underlying different languages 73. Second-language learning 74. Integrating culture into neurolinguistics 75. Acknowledgments 76. Culture in the mind's mirror: how anthropology and neuroscience can inform a model of the neural substrate for cultural imitative learning 77. Introduction 78. Section I: cultural learning and imitation — theory and behavior 79. Section II: candidate neural mechanisms of imitative cultural learning 80. Section III: a model of the neural architecture of cultural imitative learning and future directions 81. Conclusion 82. Acknowledgments 83. The cultural neuroscience of person perception 84. Perception as cultural affordance 85. Cultural impact on nonsocial perception 86. Cultural influences on perceiving other people 87. Conclusions 88. Abbreviations 89. Acknowledgment 90. Understanding the self: a cultural neuroscience approach 91. Introduction 92. Neural correlates of self-related processing 93. Cultural influence on neural substrates of self-related processing 94. Conclusion 95. Acknowledgments 96. Cultural effects on the neural basis of theory of mind 97. Introduction 98. Behavioral explorations of cultural variation in theory of mind development 99. Brain imaging explorations of neural correlates of theory of mind 100. Putative neural correlates of theory of mind: universal or culture dependent? 101. Limitations and future directions in cultural neuroimaging studies of theory of mind 102. Conclusion 103. Acknowledgments 104. Culture and social support: neural bases and biological impact 105. Cultural factors affecting the likelihood of seeking social support 106. Cultural differences in attention to context 107. Cultural differences in the importance of expression 108. Culture and different forms of social support 109. Neural pathways for social support effects 110. Genes X culture interactions in social support use 111. Conclusions 112. Acknowledgments 113. Neuroeconomics: in search of the neural representation of brands 114. Introduction: brands as cultural symbols 115. Investigating brand-related behavior with neuroimaging tools 116. Brands as somatic markers 117. Neural representation of favorite brands 118. Secondary inducers of reward: social incentives 119. Brain responses to luxury brands 120. Ethical aspects 121. Conclusion and future directions 122. Acknowledgments 123. “Neuroarchaeology”: exploring the links between neural and cultural plasticity 124. Introduction: what is neuroarchaeology? 125. Foundational issues: theoretical and methodological challenges 126. Steps to a “neuroarchaeology of mind”: bridging the gap between neural and cultural plasticity 127. Some concluding thoughts 128. Acknowledgments 129. Cultural neuroscience and psychopathology: prospects for cultural psychiatry 130. Introduction 131. Scanning “culture” and generating identities 132. Essentializing culture in the brain 133. Locating culture in the social world 134. Culture and psychopathology 135. Culture and developmental psychopathology: the example of conduct disorder (CD) and aggression in adolescence 136. Conclusion 137. Cultural neuroscience: a once and future discipline 138. Introduction 139. What is cultural neuroscience? 140. Why study cultural influences on brain function? 141. Theory and methods in cultural neuroscience 142. Cultural influences on brain function: progress in cultural neuroscience 143. Implications of cultural neuroscience for basic and applied research 144. Cultural neuroscience as a once and future discipline 145. Acknowledgments
