Decision Neuroscience addresses fundamental questions about how the brain makes perceptual, value-based, and more complex decisions in non-social and social contexts. This book presents compelling neuroimaging, electrophysiological, lesional, and neurocomputational models in combination with hormonal and genetic approaches, which have led to a clearer understanding of the neural mechanisms behind how the brain makes decisions. The five parts of the book address distinct but inter-related topics and are designed to serve both as classroom introductions to major subareas in decision neuroscience and as advanced syntheses of all that has been accomplished in the last decade.
Part I is devoted to anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and optogenetics animal studies on reinforcement-guided decision making, such as the representation of instructions, expectations, and outcomes; the updating of action values; and the evaluation process guiding choices between prospective rewards. Part II covers the topic of the neural representations of motivation, perceptual decision making, and value-based decision making in humans, combining neurcomputational models and brain imaging studies. Part III focuses on the rapidly developing field of social decision neuroscience, integrating recent mechanistic understanding of social decisions in both non-human primates and humans. Part IV covers clinical aspects involving disorders of decision making that link together basic research areas including systems, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience; this part examines dysfunctions of decision making in neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, behavioral addictions, and focal brain lesions. Part V focuses on the roles of various hormones (cortisol, oxytocin, ghrelin/leptine) and genes that underlie inter-individual differences observed with stress, food choices, and social decision-making processes. The volume is essential reading for anyone interested in decision making neuroscience.
With contributions that are forward-looking assessments of the current and future issues faced by researchers, Decision Neuroscience is essential reading for anyone interested in decision-making neuroscience.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. List of Contributors - p. xi 6. Preface - p. xiii 7. Part I. Animal Studies on Rewards, Punishments, and Decision-Making - p. xvii 8. Chapter 1. Anatomy and Connectivity of the Reward Circuit - p. 3 9. Chapter 2. Electrophysiological Correlates of Reward Processing in Dopamine Neurons - p. 21 10. Chapter 3. Appetitive and Aversive Systems in the Amygdala - p. 33 11. Chapter 4. Ventral Striatopallidal Pathways Involved in Appetitive and Aversive Motivational Processes - p. 47 12. Chapter 5. Reward and Decision Encoding in Basal Ganglia: Insights From Optogenetics and Viral Tracing Studies in Rodents - p. 59 13. Chapter 6. The Learning and Motivational Processes Controlling Goal-Directed Action and Their Neural Bases - p. 71 14. Chapter 7. Impulsivity, Risky Choice, and Impulse Control Disorders: Animal Models - p. 81 15. Chapter 8. Prefrontal Cortex in Decision-Making: The Perception–Action Cycle - p. 95 16. Part II. Human Studies on Motivation, Perceptual, and Value-Based Decision-Making - p. 105 17. Chapter 9. Reward, Value, and Salience - p. 109 18. Chapter 10. Computational Principles of Value Coding in the Brain - p. 121 19. Chapter 11. Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Modulators of Perceptual Decision-Making in the Human Brain - p. 137 20. Chapter 12. Perceptual Decision-Making: What Do We Know, and What Do We Not Know? - p. 149 21. Chapter 13. Neural Circuit Mechanisms of Value-Based Decision-Making and Reinforcement Learning - p. 163 22. Part III. Social Decision Neuroscience - p. 176 23. Chapter 14. Social Decision-Making in Nonhuman Primates - p. 179 24. Chapter 15. Organization of the Social Brain in Macaques and Humans - p. 189 25. Chapter 16. The Neural Bases of Social Influence on Valuation and Behavior - p. 199 26. Chapter 17. Social Dominance Representations in the Human Brain - p. 211 27. Chapter 18. Reinforcement Learning and Strategic Reasoning During Social Decision-Making - p. 225 28. Chapter 19. Neural Control of Social Decisions: Causal Evidence From Brain Stimulation Studies - p. 233 29. Chapter 20. The Neuroscience of Compassion and Empathy and Their Link to Prosocial Motivation and Behavior - p. 247 30. Part IV. Human Clinical Studies Involving Dysfunctions of Reward and Decision-Making Processes - p. 257 31. Chapter 21. Can Models of Reinforcement Learning Help Us to Understand Symptoms of Schizophrenia? - p. 261 32. Chapter 22. The Neuropsychology of Decision-Making: A View From the Frontal Lobes - p. 277 33. Chapter 23. Opponent Brain Systems for Reward and Punishment Learning: Causal Evidence From Drug and Lesion Studies in Humans - p. 291 34. Chapter 24. Decision-Making and Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease - p. 305 35. Chapter 25. The Subthalamic Nucleus in Impulsivity - p. 315 36. Chapter 26. Decision-Making in Anxiety and Its Disorders - p. 327 37. Chapter 27. Decision-Making in Gambling Disorder: Understanding Behavioral Addictions - p. 339 38. Part V. Genetic and Hormonal Influences on Motivation and Social Behavior - p. 347 39. Chapter 28. Decision-Making in Fish: Genetics and Social Behavior - p. 351 40. Chapter 29. Imaging Genetics in Humans: Major Depressive Disorder and Decision-Making - p. 361 41. Chapter 30. Time-Dependent Shifts in Neural Systems Supporting Decision-Making Under Stress - p. 371 42. Chapter 31. Oxytocin's Influence on Social Decision-Making - p. 387 43. Chapter 32. Appetite as Motivated Choice: Hormonal and Environmental Influences - p. 397 44. Chapter 33. Perspectives - p. 411 45. Index - p. 419
Decision Neuroscience addresses fundamental questions about how the brain makes perceptual, value-based, and more complex decisions in non-social and social contexts. This book presents compelling neuroimaging, electrophysiological, lesional, and neurocomputational models in combination with hormonal and genetic approaches, which have led to a clearer understanding of the neural mechanisms behind how the brain makes decisions. The five parts of the book address distinct but inter-related topics and are designed to serve both as classroom introductions to major subareas in decision neuroscience and as advanced syntheses of all that has been accomplished in the last decade.
Part I is devoted to anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and optogenetics animal studies on reinforcement-guided decision making, such as the representation of instructions, expectations, and outcomes; the updating of action values; and the evaluation process guiding choices between prospective rewards. Part II covers the topic of the neural representations of motivation, perceptual decision making, and value-based decision making in humans, combining neurcomputational models and brain imaging studies. Part III focuses on the rapidly developing field of social decision neuroscience, integrating recent mechanistic understanding of social decisions in both non-human primates and humans. Part IV covers clinical aspects involving disorders of decision making that link together basic research areas including systems, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience; this part examines dysfunctions of decision making in neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, behavioral addictions, and focal brain lesions. Part V focuses on the roles of various hormones (cortisol, oxytocin, ghrelin/leptine) and genes that underlie inter-individual differences observed with stress, food choices, and social decision-making processes. The volume is essential reading for anyone interested in decision making neuroscience.
With contributions that are forward-looking assessments of the current and future issues faced by researchers, Decision Neuroscience is essential reading for anyone interested in decision-making neuroscience.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. List of Contributors - p. xi 6. Preface - p. xiii 7. Part I. Animal Studies on Rewards, Punishments, and Decision-Making - p. xvii 8. Chapter 1. Anatomy and Connectivity of the Reward Circuit - p. 3 9. Chapter 2. Electrophysiological Correlates of Reward Processing in Dopamine Neurons - p. 21 10. Chapter 3. Appetitive and Aversive Systems in the Amygdala - p. 33 11. Chapter 4. Ventral Striatopallidal Pathways Involved in Appetitive and Aversive Motivational Processes - p. 47 12. Chapter 5. Reward and Decision Encoding in Basal Ganglia: Insights From Optogenetics and Viral Tracing Studies in Rodents - p. 59 13. Chapter 6. The Learning and Motivational Processes Controlling Goal-Directed Action and Their Neural Bases - p. 71 14. Chapter 7. Impulsivity, Risky Choice, and Impulse Control Disorders: Animal Models - p. 81 15. Chapter 8. Prefrontal Cortex in Decision-Making: The Perception–Action Cycle - p. 95 16. Part II. Human Studies on Motivation, Perceptual, and Value-Based Decision-Making - p. 105 17. Chapter 9. Reward, Value, and Salience - p. 109 18. Chapter 10. Computational Principles of Value Coding in the Brain - p. 121 19. Chapter 11. Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Modulators of Perceptual Decision-Making in the Human Brain - p. 137 20. Chapter 12. Perceptual Decision-Making: What Do We Know, and What Do We Not Know? - p. 149 21. Chapter 13. Neural Circuit Mechanisms of Value-Based Decision-Making and Reinforcement Learning - p. 163 22. Part III. Social Decision Neuroscience - p. 176 23. Chapter 14. Social Decision-Making in Nonhuman Primates - p. 179 24. Chapter 15. Organization of the Social Brain in Macaques and Humans - p. 189 25. Chapter 16. The Neural Bases of Social Influence on Valuation and Behavior - p. 199 26. Chapter 17. Social Dominance Representations in the Human Brain - p. 211 27. Chapter 18. Reinforcement Learning and Strategic Reasoning During Social Decision-Making - p. 225 28. Chapter 19. Neural Control of Social Decisions: Causal Evidence From Brain Stimulation Studies - p. 233 29. Chapter 20. The Neuroscience of Compassion and Empathy and Their Link to Prosocial Motivation and Behavior - p. 247 30. Part IV. Human Clinical Studies Involving Dysfunctions of Reward and Decision-Making Processes - p. 257 31. Chapter 21. Can Models of Reinforcement Learning Help Us to Understand Symptoms of Schizophrenia? - p. 261 32. Chapter 22. The Neuropsychology of Decision-Making: A View From the Frontal Lobes - p. 277 33. Chapter 23. Opponent Brain Systems for Reward and Punishment Learning: Causal Evidence From Drug and Lesion Studies in Humans - p. 291 34. Chapter 24. Decision-Making and Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease - p. 305 35. Chapter 25. The Subthalamic Nucleus in Impulsivity - p. 315 36. Chapter 26. Decision-Making in Anxiety and Its Disorders - p. 327 37. Chapter 27. Decision-Making in Gambling Disorder: Understanding Behavioral Addictions - p. 339 38. Part V. Genetic and Hormonal Influences on Motivation and Social Behavior - p. 347 39. Chapter 28. Decision-Making in Fish: Genetics and Social Behavior - p. 351 40. Chapter 29. Imaging Genetics in Humans: Major Depressive Disorder and Decision-Making - p. 361 41. Chapter 30. Time-Dependent Shifts in Neural Systems Supporting Decision-Making Under Stress - p. 371 42. Chapter 31. Oxytocin's Influence on Social Decision-Making - p. 387 43. Chapter 32. Appetite as Motivated Choice: Hormonal and Environmental Influences - p. 397 44. Chapter 33. Perspectives - p. 411 45. Index - p. 419
