Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Genitourinary, fourth edition, is an invaluable resource for general radiologists and trainees—anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference on today’s genitourinary (GU) imaging. Drs. Ghaneh Fananapazir, Bryan R. Foster, and their team of highly regarded experts provide up-to-date information on recent advances in technology and the understanding of GU diseases and disorders to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool as well as a handy reference for daily practice.
Serves as a one-stop resource for key concepts and information on GU imaging, including a wealth of new material and content updates throughout
Features more than 2,500 images (state-of-the-art cross-sectional imaging, full-color medical illustrations, radiologic images, clinical photographs, H&E stains, and gross pathology photographs), plus 500 additional images and video clips online
Features updates from cover to cover including updated Bosniak 2019 criteria, PI-RADS v2.1 terminology, updated cancer staging chapters, new interventional techniques, new contrast agent guidelines, and new chapters on transgender imaging
Contains a new 10-chapter section on kidney transplant, including post-transplant procedures
Covers key procedures such as renal biopsy; percutaneous genitourinary interventions; kidney ablation/embolization; and venous sampling and venography
Covers all aspects of GU imaging, including typical and variant findings; GU anatomy, physiology, imaging protocols, and work-ups; and new developments in diagnostic criteria and terminology
Uses bulleted, succinct text and highly templated chapters for quick comprehension of essential information at the point of care
1. SECTION 1: OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION - p. xiii 2. Chapter 1: Imaging Approaches - p. xiii 3. SECTION 2: RETROPERITONEUM - p. 9 4. Chapter 2: Introduction to Retroperitoneum - p. 9 5. CONGENITAL - p. 15 6. Chapter 3: Duplications and Anomalies of IVC - p. 15 7. INFLAMMATION - p. 19 8. Chapter 4: Retroperitoneal Fibrosis - p. 19 9. DEGENERATIVE - p. 23 10. Chapter 5: Pelvic Lipomatosis - p. 23 11. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 25 12. Chapter 6: Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage - p. 25 13. Chapter 7: Postoperative Lymphocele - p. 29 14. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 31 15. Chapter 8: Retroperitoneal Neurogenic Tumor - p. 31 16. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 35 17. Chapter 9: Retroperitoneal Sarcoma - p. 35 18. Chapter 10: Retroperitoneal and Mesenteric Lymphoma - p. 39 19. Chapter 11: Retroperitoneal Metastases - p. 43 20. Chapter 12: Solitary Fibrous Tumor - p. 47 21. SECTION 3: ADRENAL - p. 49 22. Chapter 13: Introduction to Adrenals - p. 49 23. INFECTION - p. 55 24. Chapter 14: Adrenal Tuberculosis and Fungal Infection - p. 55 25. METABOLIC OR INHERITED - p. 57 26. Chapter 15: Adrenal Hyperplasia - p. 57 27. Chapter 16: Adrenal Insufficiency - p. 59 28. TRAUMA - p. 61 29. Chapter 17: Adrenal Hemorrhage - p. 61 30. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 65 31. Chapter 18: Adrenal Cyst - p. 65 32. Chapter 19: Adrenal Adenoma - p. 69 33. Chapter 20: Adrenal Myelolipoma - p. 75 34. Chapter 21: Pheochromocytoma - p. 79 35. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 85 36. Chapter 22: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma - p. 85 37. Chapter 23: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Staging - p. 89 38. Chapter 24: Adrenal Lymphoma - p. 101 39. Chapter 25: Adrenal Metastases - p. 103 40. Chapter 26: Adrenal Collision Tumor - p. 107 41. SECTION 4: KIDNEY AND RENAL PELVIS - p. 109 42. Chapter 27: Introduction to Renal Physiology and Contrast - p. 109 43. Chapter 28: Introduction to Kidney and Renal Pelvis - p. 113 44. NORMAL VARIANTS AND PSEUDOLESIONS - p. 119 45. Chapter 29: Renal Fetal Lobation - p. 119 46. Chapter 30: Junctional Cortical Defect - p. 121 47. Chapter 31: Column of Bertin - p. 123 48. CONGENITAL - p. 125 49. Chapter 32: Horseshoe Kidney - p. 125 50. Chapter 33: Renal Ectopia and Agenesis - p. 129 51. Chapter 34: Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction - p. 133 52. Chapter 35: Congenital Megacalyces and Megaureter - p. 137 53. Chapter 36: Renal Lymphangiomatosis - p. 139 54. INFECTION - p. 141 55. Chapter 37: Acute Pyelonephritis - p. 141 56. Chapter 38: Chronic Pyelonephritis/Reflux Nephropathy - p. 145 57. Chapter 39: Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis - p. 147 58. Chapter 40: Emphysematous Pyelonephritis - p. 151 59. Chapter 41: Renal Abscess - p. 153 60. Chapter 42: Pyonephrosis - p. 157 61. Chapter 43: Opportunistic Renal Infections - p. 159 62. RENAL CYSTIC DISEASE - p. 161 63. Chapter 44: Renal Cyst - p. 161 64. Chapter 45: Parapelvic (Peripelvic) Cyst - p. 165 65. Chapter 46: Bosniak Classification of Cystic Masses - p. 167 66. Chapter 47: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease - p. 171 67. Chapter 48: Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease - p. 175 68. Chapter 49: von Hippel-Lindau Disease - p. 177 69. Chapter 50: Medullary Cystic Diseases - p. 181 70. Chapter 51: Lithium Nephropathy - p. 183 71. Chapter 52: Localized Cystic Renal Disease - p. 185 72. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 187 73. Chapter 53: Renal Angiomyolipoma - p. 187 74. Chapter 54: Renal Oncocytoma - p. 193 75. Chapter 55: Metanephric Adenoma - p. 197 76. Chapter 56: Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor Family - p. 199 77. INFLAMMATION - p. 201 78. Chapter 57: IgG4 Renal Disease - p. 201 79. Chapter 58: Histiocytic Diseases - p. 205 80. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 207 81. Chapter 59: Renal Cell Carcinoma - p. 207 82. Chapter 60: Renal Cell Carcinoma Staging - p. 213 83. Chapter 61: Medullary Carcinoma - p. 233 84. Chapter 62: Collecting Duct Carcinoma - p. 235 85. Chapter 63: Urothelial Carcinoma - p. 237 86. Chapter 64: Renal Pelvis and Ureter Carcinoma Staging - p. 241 87. Chapter 65: Renal Lymphoma - p. 259 88. Chapter 66: Renal Metastases - p. 261 89. METABOLIC - p. 263 90. Chapter 67: Nephrocalcinosis - p. 263 91. Chapter 68: Urolithiasis - p. 267 92. Chapter 69: Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria - p. 271 93. RENAL FAILURE AND MEDICAL RENAL DISEASE - p. 273 94. Chapter 70: Hydronephrosis - p. 273 95. Chapter 71: Glomerulonephritis - p. 275 96. Chapter 72: Acute Tubular Injury - p. 277 97. Chapter 73: Renal Cortical Necrosis - p. 279 98. Chapter 74: Renal Papillary Necrosis - p. 281 99. Chapter 75: HIV Nephropathy - p. 283 100. Chapter 76: Chronic Renal Failure - p. 285 101. Chapter 77: Renal Lipomatosis - p. 287 102. VASCULAR DISORDERS - p. 289 103. Chapter 78: Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 289 104. Chapter 79: Renal Infarction - p. 293 105. Chapter 80: Renal Vein Thrombosis - p. 299 106. Chapter 81: Renal Vasculitis - p. 303 107. TRAUMA - p. 305 108. Chapter 82: Renal Trauma - p. 305 109. Chapter 83: Urinoma - p. 309 110. TRANSPLANTATION - p. 311 111. Chapter 84: Kidney Transplant Normal Anatomy - p. 311 112. Chapter 85: Vascular Thrombosis in Kidney Transplants - p. 315 113. Chapter 86: Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 319 114. Chapter 87: Arteriovenous Fistulas Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 323 115. Chapter 88: Pseudoaneurysms Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 325 116. Chapter 89: Urinary Obstruction Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 327 117. Chapter 90: Perinephric Fluid Collections Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 329 118. Chapter 91: Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 333 119. Chapter 92: Acute Tubular Necrosis in Kidney Transplants - p. 337 120. Chapter 93: Rejection in Kidney Transplants - p. 339 121. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 343 122. Chapter 94: Postoperative State, Kidney - p. 343 123. Chapter 95: Radiation Nephropathy - p. 347 124. Chapter 96: Contrast-Induced Nephropathy - p. 349 125. SECTION 5: URETER - p. 353 126. Chapter 97: Introduction to Ureter - p. 353 127. CONGENITAL - p. 357 128. Chapter 98: Duplicated and Ectopic Ureter - p. 357 129. Chapter 99: Ureterocele - p. 361 130. INFLAMMATION - p. 365 131. Chapter 100: Ureteritis Cystica - p. 365 132. Chapter 101: Ureteral Stricture - p. 367 133. TRAUMA - p. 369 134. Chapter 102: Ureteral Trauma - p. 369 135. NEOPLASMS - p. 373 136. Chapter 103: Fibroepithelial Polyp - p. 373 137. Chapter 104: Ureteral Urothelial Carcinoma - p. 375 138. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 379 139. Chapter 105: Ureterectasis of Pregnancy - p. 379 140. SECTION 6: BLADDER - p. 381 141. Chapter 106: Introduction to Bladder - p. 381 142. CONGENITAL - p. 387 143. Chapter 107: Urachal Anomalies - p. 387 144. INFECTION - p. 391 145. Chapter 108: Cystitis - p. 391 146. Chapter 109: Bladder Schistosomiasis - p. 393 147. Chapter 110: Malakoplakia - p. 395 148. DEGENERATIVE - p. 397 149. Chapter 111: Bladder Calculi - p. 397 150. Chapter 112: Bladder Diverticulum - p. 399 151. Chapter 113: Fistulas of Genitourinary Tract - p. 403 152. Chapter 114: Neurogenic Bladder - p. 407 153. TRAUMA - p. 409 154. Chapter 115: Bladder Trauma - p. 409 155. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 413 156. Chapter 116: Postoperative State, Bladder - p. 413 157. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 417 158. Chapter 117: Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor - p. 417 159. Chapter 118: Bladder and Ureteral Intramural Masses - p. 419 160. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 423 161. Chapter 119: Urinary Bladder Carcinoma Staging - p. 423 162. Chapter 120: Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 437 163. Chapter 121: Adenocarcinoma - p. 439 164. SECTION 7: URETHRA/PENIS - p. 441 165. Chapter 122: Introduction to Urethra - p. 441 166. NEOPLASMS - p. 445 167. Chapter 123: Urethral Carcinoma Staging - p. 445 168. INFECTION - p. 459 169. Chapter 124: Urethral Stricture - p. 459 170. Chapter 125: Urethral Diverticulum - p. 461 171. TRAUMA - p. 465 172. Chapter 126: Urethral Trauma - p. 465 173. Chapter 127: Erectile Dysfunction - p. 467 174. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 469 175. Chapter 128: Penile and Urethral Implants - p. 469 176. Chapter 129: Gender-Affirming Surgery: Female to Male - p. 473 177. Chapter 130: Gender-Affirming Surgery: Male to Female - p. 477 178. SECTION 8: TESTES - p. 483 179. NONNEOPLASTIC CONDITIONS - p. 483 180. Chapter 131: Approach to Scrotal Sonography - p. 483 181. Chapter 132: Cryptorchidism - p. 487 182. Chapter 133: Testicular Torsion - p. 489 183. Chapter 134: Segmental Infarction - p. 493 184. Chapter 135: Tubular Ectasia - p. 495 185. Chapter 136: Testicular Microlithiasis - p. 497 186. NEOPLASMS - p. 499 187. Chapter 137: Germ Cell Tumors - p. 499 188. Chapter 138: Testicular Carcinoma Staging - p. 503 189. Chapter 139: Stromal Tumors - p. 519 190. Chapter 140: Testicular Lymphoma and Leukemia - p. 523 191. Chapter 141: Epidermoid Cyst - p. 525 192. SECTION 9: EPIDIDYMIS - p. 527 193. Chapter 142: Epididymitis - p. 527 194. Chapter 143: Adenomatoid Tumor - p. 533 195. Chapter 144: Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst - p. 535 196. Chapter 145: Sperm Granuloma - p. 537 197. SECTION 10: SCROTUM - p. 539 198. Chapter 146: Hydrocele - p. 539 199. Chapter 147: Varicocele - p. 543 200. Chapter 148: Pyocele - p. 545 201. Chapter 149: Inguinal Hernia - p. 547 202. Chapter 150: Fournier Gangrene - p. 553 203. Chapter 151: Fibrous Pseudotumor of Scrotum - p. 555 204. Chapter 152: Scrotal Trauma - p. 557 205. SECTION 11: SEMINAL VESICLES - p. 561 206. Chapter 153: Congenital Seminal Vesicle Lesions - p. 561 207. Chapter 154: Acquired Seminal Vesicle Lesions - p. 565 208. SECTION 12: PROSTATE - p. 567 209. Chapter 155: Prostatitis and Abscess - p. 567 210. Chapter 156: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 571 211. Chapter 157: Prostatic Cyst - p. 575 212. Chapter 158: Prostate Carcinoma - p. 577 213. Chapter 159: PI-RADS Lexicon and Usage - p. 583 214. Chapter 160: Prostate Carcinoma Staging - p. 593 215. SECTION 13: PROCEDURES - p. 609 216. Chapter 161: Native and Transplant Kidney Biopsy - p. 609 217. Chapter 162: Percutaneous Genitourinary Interventions - p. 617 218. Chapter 163: Kidney Ablation - p. 629 219. Chapter 164: Kidney Embolization - p. 639 220. Chapter 165: Venous Sampling and Venography (Renal and Adrenal) - p. 649 221. INDEX - p. 653
Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Genitourinary, fourth edition, is an invaluable resource for general radiologists and trainees—anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference on today’s genitourinary (GU) imaging. Drs. Ghaneh Fananapazir, Bryan R. Foster, and their team of highly regarded experts provide up-to-date information on recent advances in technology and the understanding of GU diseases and disorders to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool as well as a handy reference for daily practice.
Serves as a one-stop resource for key concepts and information on GU imaging, including a wealth of new material and content updates throughout
Features more than 2,500 images (state-of-the-art cross-sectional imaging, full-color medical illustrations, radiologic images, clinical photographs, H&E stains, and gross pathology photographs), plus 500 additional images and video clips online
Features updates from cover to cover including updated Bosniak 2019 criteria, PI-RADS v2.1 terminology, updated cancer staging chapters, new interventional techniques, new contrast agent guidelines, and new chapters on transgender imaging
Contains a new 10-chapter section on kidney transplant, including post-transplant procedures
Covers key procedures such as renal biopsy; percutaneous genitourinary interventions; kidney ablation/embolization; and venous sampling and venography
Covers all aspects of GU imaging, including typical and variant findings; GU anatomy, physiology, imaging protocols, and work-ups; and new developments in diagnostic criteria and terminology
Uses bulleted, succinct text and highly templated chapters for quick comprehension of essential information at the point of care
1. SECTION 1: OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION - p. xiii 2. Chapter 1: Imaging Approaches - p. xiii 3. SECTION 2: RETROPERITONEUM - p. 9 4. Chapter 2: Introduction to Retroperitoneum - p. 9 5. CONGENITAL - p. 15 6. Chapter 3: Duplications and Anomalies of IVC - p. 15 7. INFLAMMATION - p. 19 8. Chapter 4: Retroperitoneal Fibrosis - p. 19 9. DEGENERATIVE - p. 23 10. Chapter 5: Pelvic Lipomatosis - p. 23 11. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 25 12. Chapter 6: Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage - p. 25 13. Chapter 7: Postoperative Lymphocele - p. 29 14. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 31 15. Chapter 8: Retroperitoneal Neurogenic Tumor - p. 31 16. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 35 17. Chapter 9: Retroperitoneal Sarcoma - p. 35 18. Chapter 10: Retroperitoneal and Mesenteric Lymphoma - p. 39 19. Chapter 11: Retroperitoneal Metastases - p. 43 20. Chapter 12: Solitary Fibrous Tumor - p. 47 21. SECTION 3: ADRENAL - p. 49 22. Chapter 13: Introduction to Adrenals - p. 49 23. INFECTION - p. 55 24. Chapter 14: Adrenal Tuberculosis and Fungal Infection - p. 55 25. METABOLIC OR INHERITED - p. 57 26. Chapter 15: Adrenal Hyperplasia - p. 57 27. Chapter 16: Adrenal Insufficiency - p. 59 28. TRAUMA - p. 61 29. Chapter 17: Adrenal Hemorrhage - p. 61 30. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 65 31. Chapter 18: Adrenal Cyst - p. 65 32. Chapter 19: Adrenal Adenoma - p. 69 33. Chapter 20: Adrenal Myelolipoma - p. 75 34. Chapter 21: Pheochromocytoma - p. 79 35. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 85 36. Chapter 22: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma - p. 85 37. Chapter 23: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Staging - p. 89 38. Chapter 24: Adrenal Lymphoma - p. 101 39. Chapter 25: Adrenal Metastases - p. 103 40. Chapter 26: Adrenal Collision Tumor - p. 107 41. SECTION 4: KIDNEY AND RENAL PELVIS - p. 109 42. Chapter 27: Introduction to Renal Physiology and Contrast - p. 109 43. Chapter 28: Introduction to Kidney and Renal Pelvis - p. 113 44. NORMAL VARIANTS AND PSEUDOLESIONS - p. 119 45. Chapter 29: Renal Fetal Lobation - p. 119 46. Chapter 30: Junctional Cortical Defect - p. 121 47. Chapter 31: Column of Bertin - p. 123 48. CONGENITAL - p. 125 49. Chapter 32: Horseshoe Kidney - p. 125 50. Chapter 33: Renal Ectopia and Agenesis - p. 129 51. Chapter 34: Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction - p. 133 52. Chapter 35: Congenital Megacalyces and Megaureter - p. 137 53. Chapter 36: Renal Lymphangiomatosis - p. 139 54. INFECTION - p. 141 55. Chapter 37: Acute Pyelonephritis - p. 141 56. Chapter 38: Chronic Pyelonephritis/Reflux Nephropathy - p. 145 57. Chapter 39: Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis - p. 147 58. Chapter 40: Emphysematous Pyelonephritis - p. 151 59. Chapter 41: Renal Abscess - p. 153 60. Chapter 42: Pyonephrosis - p. 157 61. Chapter 43: Opportunistic Renal Infections - p. 159 62. RENAL CYSTIC DISEASE - p. 161 63. Chapter 44: Renal Cyst - p. 161 64. Chapter 45: Parapelvic (Peripelvic) Cyst - p. 165 65. Chapter 46: Bosniak Classification of Cystic Masses - p. 167 66. Chapter 47: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease - p. 171 67. Chapter 48: Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease - p. 175 68. Chapter 49: von Hippel-Lindau Disease - p. 177 69. Chapter 50: Medullary Cystic Diseases - p. 181 70. Chapter 51: Lithium Nephropathy - p. 183 71. Chapter 52: Localized Cystic Renal Disease - p. 185 72. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 187 73. Chapter 53: Renal Angiomyolipoma - p. 187 74. Chapter 54: Renal Oncocytoma - p. 193 75. Chapter 55: Metanephric Adenoma - p. 197 76. Chapter 56: Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor Family - p. 199 77. INFLAMMATION - p. 201 78. Chapter 57: IgG4 Renal Disease - p. 201 79. Chapter 58: Histiocytic Diseases - p. 205 80. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 207 81. Chapter 59: Renal Cell Carcinoma - p. 207 82. Chapter 60: Renal Cell Carcinoma Staging - p. 213 83. Chapter 61: Medullary Carcinoma - p. 233 84. Chapter 62: Collecting Duct Carcinoma - p. 235 85. Chapter 63: Urothelial Carcinoma - p. 237 86. Chapter 64: Renal Pelvis and Ureter Carcinoma Staging - p. 241 87. Chapter 65: Renal Lymphoma - p. 259 88. Chapter 66: Renal Metastases - p. 261 89. METABOLIC - p. 263 90. Chapter 67: Nephrocalcinosis - p. 263 91. Chapter 68: Urolithiasis - p. 267 92. Chapter 69: Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria - p. 271 93. RENAL FAILURE AND MEDICAL RENAL DISEASE - p. 273 94. Chapter 70: Hydronephrosis - p. 273 95. Chapter 71: Glomerulonephritis - p. 275 96. Chapter 72: Acute Tubular Injury - p. 277 97. Chapter 73: Renal Cortical Necrosis - p. 279 98. Chapter 74: Renal Papillary Necrosis - p. 281 99. Chapter 75: HIV Nephropathy - p. 283 100. Chapter 76: Chronic Renal Failure - p. 285 101. Chapter 77: Renal Lipomatosis - p. 287 102. VASCULAR DISORDERS - p. 289 103. Chapter 78: Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 289 104. Chapter 79: Renal Infarction - p. 293 105. Chapter 80: Renal Vein Thrombosis - p. 299 106. Chapter 81: Renal Vasculitis - p. 303 107. TRAUMA - p. 305 108. Chapter 82: Renal Trauma - p. 305 109. Chapter 83: Urinoma - p. 309 110. TRANSPLANTATION - p. 311 111. Chapter 84: Kidney Transplant Normal Anatomy - p. 311 112. Chapter 85: Vascular Thrombosis in Kidney Transplants - p. 315 113. Chapter 86: Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis - p. 319 114. Chapter 87: Arteriovenous Fistulas Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 323 115. Chapter 88: Pseudoaneurysms Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 325 116. Chapter 89: Urinary Obstruction Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 327 117. Chapter 90: Perinephric Fluid Collections Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 329 118. Chapter 91: Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Involving Kidney Transplants - p. 333 119. Chapter 92: Acute Tubular Necrosis in Kidney Transplants - p. 337 120. Chapter 93: Rejection in Kidney Transplants - p. 339 121. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 343 122. Chapter 94: Postoperative State, Kidney - p. 343 123. Chapter 95: Radiation Nephropathy - p. 347 124. Chapter 96: Contrast-Induced Nephropathy - p. 349 125. SECTION 5: URETER - p. 353 126. Chapter 97: Introduction to Ureter - p. 353 127. CONGENITAL - p. 357 128. Chapter 98: Duplicated and Ectopic Ureter - p. 357 129. Chapter 99: Ureterocele - p. 361 130. INFLAMMATION - p. 365 131. Chapter 100: Ureteritis Cystica - p. 365 132. Chapter 101: Ureteral Stricture - p. 367 133. TRAUMA - p. 369 134. Chapter 102: Ureteral Trauma - p. 369 135. NEOPLASMS - p. 373 136. Chapter 103: Fibroepithelial Polyp - p. 373 137. Chapter 104: Ureteral Urothelial Carcinoma - p. 375 138. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 379 139. Chapter 105: Ureterectasis of Pregnancy - p. 379 140. SECTION 6: BLADDER - p. 381 141. Chapter 106: Introduction to Bladder - p. 381 142. CONGENITAL - p. 387 143. Chapter 107: Urachal Anomalies - p. 387 144. INFECTION - p. 391 145. Chapter 108: Cystitis - p. 391 146. Chapter 109: Bladder Schistosomiasis - p. 393 147. Chapter 110: Malakoplakia - p. 395 148. DEGENERATIVE - p. 397 149. Chapter 111: Bladder Calculi - p. 397 150. Chapter 112: Bladder Diverticulum - p. 399 151. Chapter 113: Fistulas of Genitourinary Tract - p. 403 152. Chapter 114: Neurogenic Bladder - p. 407 153. TRAUMA - p. 409 154. Chapter 115: Bladder Trauma - p. 409 155. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 413 156. Chapter 116: Postoperative State, Bladder - p. 413 157. BENIGN NEOPLASMS - p. 417 158. Chapter 117: Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor - p. 417 159. Chapter 118: Bladder and Ureteral Intramural Masses - p. 419 160. MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS - p. 423 161. Chapter 119: Urinary Bladder Carcinoma Staging - p. 423 162. Chapter 120: Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 437 163. Chapter 121: Adenocarcinoma - p. 439 164. SECTION 7: URETHRA/PENIS - p. 441 165. Chapter 122: Introduction to Urethra - p. 441 166. NEOPLASMS - p. 445 167. Chapter 123: Urethral Carcinoma Staging - p. 445 168. INFECTION - p. 459 169. Chapter 124: Urethral Stricture - p. 459 170. Chapter 125: Urethral Diverticulum - p. 461 171. TRAUMA - p. 465 172. Chapter 126: Urethral Trauma - p. 465 173. Chapter 127: Erectile Dysfunction - p. 467 174. TREATMENT RELATED - p. 469 175. Chapter 128: Penile and Urethral Implants - p. 469 176. Chapter 129: Gender-Affirming Surgery: Female to Male - p. 473 177. Chapter 130: Gender-Affirming Surgery: Male to Female - p. 477 178. SECTION 8: TESTES - p. 483 179. NONNEOPLASTIC CONDITIONS - p. 483 180. Chapter 131: Approach to Scrotal Sonography - p. 483 181. Chapter 132: Cryptorchidism - p. 487 182. Chapter 133: Testicular Torsion - p. 489 183. Chapter 134: Segmental Infarction - p. 493 184. Chapter 135: Tubular Ectasia - p. 495 185. Chapter 136: Testicular Microlithiasis - p. 497 186. NEOPLASMS - p. 499 187. Chapter 137: Germ Cell Tumors - p. 499 188. Chapter 138: Testicular Carcinoma Staging - p. 503 189. Chapter 139: Stromal Tumors - p. 519 190. Chapter 140: Testicular Lymphoma and Leukemia - p. 523 191. Chapter 141: Epidermoid Cyst - p. 525 192. SECTION 9: EPIDIDYMIS - p. 527 193. Chapter 142: Epididymitis - p. 527 194. Chapter 143: Adenomatoid Tumor - p. 533 195. Chapter 144: Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst - p. 535 196. Chapter 145: Sperm Granuloma - p. 537 197. SECTION 10: SCROTUM - p. 539 198. Chapter 146: Hydrocele - p. 539 199. Chapter 147: Varicocele - p. 543 200. Chapter 148: Pyocele - p. 545 201. Chapter 149: Inguinal Hernia - p. 547 202. Chapter 150: Fournier Gangrene - p. 553 203. Chapter 151: Fibrous Pseudotumor of Scrotum - p. 555 204. Chapter 152: Scrotal Trauma - p. 557 205. SECTION 11: SEMINAL VESICLES - p. 561 206. Chapter 153: Congenital Seminal Vesicle Lesions - p. 561 207. Chapter 154: Acquired Seminal Vesicle Lesions - p. 565 208. SECTION 12: PROSTATE - p. 567 209. Chapter 155: Prostatitis and Abscess - p. 567 210. Chapter 156: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 571 211. Chapter 157: Prostatic Cyst - p. 575 212. Chapter 158: Prostate Carcinoma - p. 577 213. Chapter 159: PI-RADS Lexicon and Usage - p. 583 214. Chapter 160: Prostate Carcinoma Staging - p. 593 215. SECTION 13: PROCEDURES - p. 609 216. Chapter 161: Native and Transplant Kidney Biopsy - p. 609 217. Chapter 162: Percutaneous Genitourinary Interventions - p. 617 218. Chapter 163: Kidney Ablation - p. 629 219. Chapter 164: Kidney Embolization - p. 639 220. Chapter 165: Venous Sampling and Venography (Renal and Adrenal) - p. 649 221. INDEX - p. 653
