Insall & Scott Surgery of the Knee
1. Introduction - p. 739 2. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Anatomy - p. 739 3. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Fiber Function - p. 742 4. Diagnosis of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Function and Knee Joint Subluxations - p. 745 5. Clinical Evaluation - p. 750 6. Management Considerations - p. 754 7. Operative Techniques: Current Concepts - p. 758 8. Intraoperative Evaluation - p. 761 9. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Harvest Options - p. 762 10. Surgical Procedures - p. 763 11. Alternative Posterior Cruciate Ligament All-Inside Techniques - p. 773 12. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion Fractures - p. 775 13. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Augmentation Approaches and Techniques - p. 777 14. Postoperative Rehabilitation - p. 777 15. Clinical Studies - p. 777 16. Posterolateral Surgical Technique Options - p. 781 17. Posterolateral Postoperative Rehabilitation - p. 787 18. References - p. 790 19. 60 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - p. 791 20. 61 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - p. 801 21. 62 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - p. 810 22. 63 The Dislocated Knee - p. 819 23. 64 Dislocation of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint - p. 833 24. Section VI Sports Medicine: Patellar and Extensor Mechanism Disorders - p. 841.e2 25. 65 Disorders of the Patellofemoral Joint - p. 843 26. Basic Anatomy and Biomechanics - p. 843 27. Imaging - p. 848 28. Patellofemoral Instability and Osteoarthritis - p. 875 29. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome/Anterior Knee Pain - p. 875 30. Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis - p. 879 31. References - p. 884 32. 66 Distal Realignment of the Patellofemoral Joint - p. 885 33. 67 Surgery of the Patellofemoral Joint - p. 902 34. 68 Repair and Reconstruction of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament for Treatment of Lateral Patellar Dislocations - p. 939 35. 69 Sulcus-Deepening Trochleoplasty - p. 954 36. 70 Quadriceps and Patellar Tendon Disruption* - p. 967 37. Section VII Knee Arthritis - p. 984.e4 38. 71 Gout and Other Crystalline Arthropathies - p. 986 39. 72 Knee Osteoarthritis - p. 992 40. 73 Overview of Psoriatic Arthritis - p. 998 41. 74 Systemic Allergic Dermatitis in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1003 42. 75 Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Knee - p. 1010 43. 76 Hemophilia and Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis Hemophilia and the Knee - p. 1015 44. 76B Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Its Relationship to Knee Disorders - p. 1020 45. Section VIII Anesthesia for Knee Surgery - p. 1029.e4 46. Part I Preoperative Evaluation - p. 1029.e4 47. 77 Basics, Preoperative Assessment, and Medical Optimization - p. 1032 48. 78 Patients With Stents - p. 1037 49. 79 Diabetes Mellitus and the Knee - p. 1040 50. 80 Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 1046 51. 81 Bilateral Total Knee Replacement - p. 1051 52. Part II Perioperative Management of Inpatient Procedures - p. 1054.e2 53. 82 Monitoring During Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1056 54. 83 Spinal or General Anesthesia? - p. 1058 55. 84 Revision Total Knee Arthroplasties - p. 1062 56. 85 The Pneumatic Tourniquet - p. 1063 57. 86 Cement Embolism - p. 1069 58. 87 Tranexamic Acid - p. 1071 59. 88 Blood Loss and Fluid Management - p. 1078 60. 89 Anesthesia for Knee Surgery - p. 1081 61. 90 Specific Considerations for Fractures and Dislocations - p. 1083 62. Part III Preoperative Analgesia: Nerve Blocks - p. 1084.e1 63. 91 Femoral Nerve Block - p. 1086 64. 92 Adductor Canal Block - p. 1091 65. 93 Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block - p. 1094 66. 94 Psoas Compartment Block - p. 1097 67. 95 Sciatic Nerve Block - p. 1101 68. 96 Obturator Nerve Block - p. 1106 69. 97 Continuous Perineural Analgesia for Knee Surgery - p. 1109 70. 98 Local Anesthetic Infiltration - p. 1117 71. 99 Epidural Analgesia - p. 1123 72. 100 Neuraxial Opioids - p. 1125 73. 101 Systemic Opioids and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting - p. 1127 74. 102 Multimodal Pharmacologic Analgesia - p. 1130 75. 103 Chronic Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1134 76. Part IV Ambulatory Procedures - p. 1138.e1 77. 104 Knee Arthroscopy - p. 1140 78. Part V Thromboprophylaxis - p. 1145.e1 79. 105 Thromboprophylaxis and Neuraxial Anesthesia - p. 1147 80. Section IX Plastic Surgery - p. 1148.e1 81. 106 Soft Tissue Healing - p. 1150 82. 107 The Problem Wound - p. 1162 83. Section X Fractures About the Knee - p. 1166.e2 84. 108 Distal Femur Fractures - p. 1168 85. 109 Tibial Plateau Fractures - p. 1180 86. 110 Fractures of the Patella - p. 1195 87. 111 Treatment of Periprosthetic Fractures Around a Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1208 88. Section XI Pediatric Knee - p. 1215.e1 89. 112 Normal Knee Embryology and Development - p. 1217 90. 113 Congenital Deformities of the Knee - p. 1223 91. 114 Meniscal Disorders - p. 1247 92. 115 Osteochondritis Dissecans - p. 1255 93. 116 Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Pediatric Patients - p. 1261 94. 117 Tibial Spine Fractures - p. 1273 95. 118 Physeal Fractures About the Knee - p. 1281 96. 119 Patellar Instability - p. 1289 97. Section XIIA Joint Replacement and Its Alternatives - p. 1305.e4 98. 120 Nonoperative Treatment of Knee Arthritis - p. 1307 99. 121 Osteotomies About the Knee - p. 1323 100. 122 Osteotomy for the Arthritic Knee - p. 1343 101. 123 Scoring Systems and Their Validation for the Arthritic Knee - p. 1362 102. 124 Historic Development, Classification, and Characteristics of Knee Prostheses - p. 1375 103. 125 Unicompartmental, Bicompartmental, or Tricompartmental Arthritis of the Knee - p. 1405 104. 126 Patellofemoral Arthroplasty - p. 1409 105. 127 Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1420 106. 128 Unicomparmental Knee Replacement With ACL Reconstruction - p. 1430 107. 129 Fixed-Bearing Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1435 108. 130 Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Mobile Bearing - p. 1446 109. 131 Bicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1471 110. 132 Bicondylar Knee Replacement - p. 1476 111. 133 Bicruciate Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1487 112. 134 Bicruciate Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1493 113. 135 European Analysis and Results of Partial Knee Replacement - p. 1498 114. 136 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Retention in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1502 115. 137 Preserving the Posterior Cruciate Ligament - p. 1509 116. 138 Custom-Made Knee Replacements - p. 1519 117. 139 Posterior Cruciate Sacrificing Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1526 118. 140 Posterior Cruciate Ligament—Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1529 119. 141 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1545 120. 142 Mobile-Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1566 121. 143 Cemented Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1572 122. 144 Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1576 123. 145 Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1585 124. Introduction - p. 1585 125. History of Patellar Resurfacing - p. 1585 126. Basic Science - p. 1588 127. Surgical Technique - p. 1602 128. Pros and Cons of Patella Resurfacing - p. 1611 129. Patella-Related Complications in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1613 130. Anterior Knee Pain and Causes Thereof - p. 1617 131. Predictors of Anterior Knee Pain - p. 1620 132. Secondary Resurfacing - p. 1621 133. Patellar Scoring Systems - p. 1622 134. Prospective and Randomized Controlled Trials - p. 1623 135. Regional and National Arthroplasty Registries - p. 1625 136. Conclusion - p. 1627 137. Acknowledgments - p. 1628 138. References - p. 1628 139. 146 Patella Resurfacing—Never - p. 1630 140. 147 Patella Resurfacing—Always - p. 1637 141. 148 Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1647 142. 149 Surgical Approaches in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1652 143. 150 Surgical Techniques and Instrumentation in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1665 144. Relevant Knee Anatomy and Alignment - p. 1665 145. Objectives of Prosthetic Replacement - p. 1666 146. Theories of Surgical Technique - p. 1667 147. Preoperative Planning - p. 1677 148. Exposure - p. 1679 149. Techniques and Instrumentation - p. 1683 150. Fitting of Trial Components - p. 1691 151. Cemented Versus Uncemented Fixation - p. 1696 152. Management of Instability or Deformity - p. 1698 153. Management of Varus Deformity - p. 1700 154. Asymmetrical Valgus Instability - p. 1702 155. Flexion Contracture - p. 1709 156. Extension Contracture (“Stiff Knee”) - p. 1710 157. Correction of Genu Recurvatum - p. 1711 158. Management of Bone Defects - p. 1711 159. Intraoperative Problems and Their Solutions (Insall) - p. 1717 160. Aftercare of Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1719 161. References - p. 1719 162. 151 Gap-Balancing Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1721 163. 152 Modern Measured Resection Technique - p. 1727 164. 153 Is the Understanding of Gap Balancing and Measured Resection Techniques Necessary to Understand Image-Guided Surgical Techniques for Knee Arthroplasty? - p. 1736 165. 154 Mid-Flexion Instability After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1740 166. 155 Correction of Fixed Deformities With Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1750 167. 156 Correction of Deformities With Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1761 168. 157 Pressure Sensors and Soft Tissue Balancing - p. 1766 169. 158 The Clinical Effectiveness of Custom-Made Guides for Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1770 170. 159 Computer Navigation in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1775 171. 160 Kinematically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1784 172. 161 Computer-Assisted Navigation - p. 1797 173. 162 Robotics in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1806 174. 163 Robotic Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1813 175. 164 Management of Extra-Articular Deformity in Total Knee Arthroplasty With Navigation - p. 1818 176. 165 Computer-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty for Extramedullary Deformity - p. 1827 177. 166 Impact of the Cavus Foot and Ankle on the Painful Knee - p. 1837 178. 167 Flat Foot and Its Effect on the Knee - p. 1844 179. 168 The Impact of the Foot and Ankle on Total Knee Replacement - p. 1848 180. Section XIIB Revision and Complex Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1856.e2 181. 169 Complications of Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1858 182. 170 Extensile Exposures for Revision Total Knee Replacement - p. 1884 183. 171 Revision of Aseptic Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1897 184. 172 The Infected Total Knee Replacement - p. 1916 185. 173 Instability in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1927 186. 174 Management of Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1936 187. 175 Patellar Revision - p. 1946 188. 176 Patellar Fractures in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1953 189. 177 Extensor Mechanism Disruption After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1959 190. Section XIII Total Knee Arthroplasty Perioperative Management Issues - p. 1966.e2 191. 178 Obesity - p. 1968 192. 179 Pain Catastrophizers - p. 1972 193. 180 Medical Optimization of Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors - p. 1979 194. 181 Decreasing the Risk of Surgical Site Infections Following Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1983 195. 182 Effects of Prehabilitation, Falls, and Musculoskeletal Comorbidity on Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes - p. 1988 196. 183 Intra-articular and Periarticular Injections - p. 1995 197. 184 Techniques and Eligibility for Same Day/Next Day Discharge of Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2001 198. 185 Pain Management After Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients Leave the Hospital - p. 2007 199. Part I Hospital Management of TKA Patients - p. 2012.e1 200. 186 Continuous Passive Motion - p. 2014 201. 187 Cryotherapy After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2018 202. 188 Immediate Motion versus Splinting After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2020 203. 189 Internet-Based versus In-Person Physical Therapy After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2022 204. 190 Venous Thromboembolic Disease - p. 2025 205. 191 ACCP, SCIP, and AAOS Guidelines for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2030 206. 192 Aspirin and Sequential Pneumatic Compression Devices - p. 2034 207. 193 Venous Thromboembolic Disease Stratification of Risk - p. 2038 208. 194 Bleeding and Infection Risk With Aggressive Anticoagulation - p. 2044 209. Part II Economics, Quality, and Payment Paradigms for Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2047.e1 210. 195 Total Joint Arthroplasty—Historical Perspective - p. 2049 211. 196 Payment Paradigms - p. 2053 212. 197 Physician-Hospital Partnerships - p. 2057 213. 198 Value-Based Purchasing - p. 2062 214. 199 Quality Measures and Payment for Total Knee Replacement - p. 2068 215. Section XIV Tumors About the Knee - p. 2077 216. 200 Evaluation of the Patient With a Bone Lesion About the Knee - p. 2079 217. 201 Surgical Treatment of Benign Bone Lesions - p. 2085 218. 202 Surgical Management of Malignant Bone Tumors Around the Knee - p. 2096 219. 203 Allograft Prosthetic Composite Reconstruction of the Knee - p. 2102 220. 204 Megaprostheses for Reconstruction Following Tumor Resection About the Knee - p. 2110 221. 205 Metastatic Disease About the Knee - p. 2116 222. 206 Soft Tissue Tumors of the Knee - p. 2128 223. 207 Common Pitfalls in Tumors About the Knee - p. 2139 224. Index - p. I-1
Insall & Scott Surgery of the Knee
1. Introduction - p. 739 2. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Anatomy - p. 739 3. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Fiber Function - p. 742 4. Diagnosis of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Function and Knee Joint Subluxations - p. 745 5. Clinical Evaluation - p. 750 6. Management Considerations - p. 754 7. Operative Techniques: Current Concepts - p. 758 8. Intraoperative Evaluation - p. 761 9. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Harvest Options - p. 762 10. Surgical Procedures - p. 763 11. Alternative Posterior Cruciate Ligament All-Inside Techniques - p. 773 12. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion Fractures - p. 775 13. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Augmentation Approaches and Techniques - p. 777 14. Postoperative Rehabilitation - p. 777 15. Clinical Studies - p. 777 16. Posterolateral Surgical Technique Options - p. 781 17. Posterolateral Postoperative Rehabilitation - p. 787 18. References - p. 790 19. 60 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - p. 791 20. 61 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - p. 801 21. 62 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - p. 810 22. 63 The Dislocated Knee - p. 819 23. 64 Dislocation of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint - p. 833 24. Section VI Sports Medicine: Patellar and Extensor Mechanism Disorders - p. 841.e2 25. 65 Disorders of the Patellofemoral Joint - p. 843 26. Basic Anatomy and Biomechanics - p. 843 27. Imaging - p. 848 28. Patellofemoral Instability and Osteoarthritis - p. 875 29. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome/Anterior Knee Pain - p. 875 30. Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis - p. 879 31. References - p. 884 32. 66 Distal Realignment of the Patellofemoral Joint - p. 885 33. 67 Surgery of the Patellofemoral Joint - p. 902 34. 68 Repair and Reconstruction of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament for Treatment of Lateral Patellar Dislocations - p. 939 35. 69 Sulcus-Deepening Trochleoplasty - p. 954 36. 70 Quadriceps and Patellar Tendon Disruption* - p. 967 37. Section VII Knee Arthritis - p. 984.e4 38. 71 Gout and Other Crystalline Arthropathies - p. 986 39. 72 Knee Osteoarthritis - p. 992 40. 73 Overview of Psoriatic Arthritis - p. 998 41. 74 Systemic Allergic Dermatitis in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1003 42. 75 Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Knee - p. 1010 43. 76 Hemophilia and Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis Hemophilia and the Knee - p. 1015 44. 76B Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Its Relationship to Knee Disorders - p. 1020 45. Section VIII Anesthesia for Knee Surgery - p. 1029.e4 46. Part I Preoperative Evaluation - p. 1029.e4 47. 77 Basics, Preoperative Assessment, and Medical Optimization - p. 1032 48. 78 Patients With Stents - p. 1037 49. 79 Diabetes Mellitus and the Knee - p. 1040 50. 80 Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 1046 51. 81 Bilateral Total Knee Replacement - p. 1051 52. Part II Perioperative Management of Inpatient Procedures - p. 1054.e2 53. 82 Monitoring During Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1056 54. 83 Spinal or General Anesthesia? - p. 1058 55. 84 Revision Total Knee Arthroplasties - p. 1062 56. 85 The Pneumatic Tourniquet - p. 1063 57. 86 Cement Embolism - p. 1069 58. 87 Tranexamic Acid - p. 1071 59. 88 Blood Loss and Fluid Management - p. 1078 60. 89 Anesthesia for Knee Surgery - p. 1081 61. 90 Specific Considerations for Fractures and Dislocations - p. 1083 62. Part III Preoperative Analgesia: Nerve Blocks - p. 1084.e1 63. 91 Femoral Nerve Block - p. 1086 64. 92 Adductor Canal Block - p. 1091 65. 93 Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block - p. 1094 66. 94 Psoas Compartment Block - p. 1097 67. 95 Sciatic Nerve Block - p. 1101 68. 96 Obturator Nerve Block - p. 1106 69. 97 Continuous Perineural Analgesia for Knee Surgery - p. 1109 70. 98 Local Anesthetic Infiltration - p. 1117 71. 99 Epidural Analgesia - p. 1123 72. 100 Neuraxial Opioids - p. 1125 73. 101 Systemic Opioids and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting - p. 1127 74. 102 Multimodal Pharmacologic Analgesia - p. 1130 75. 103 Chronic Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1134 76. Part IV Ambulatory Procedures - p. 1138.e1 77. 104 Knee Arthroscopy - p. 1140 78. Part V Thromboprophylaxis - p. 1145.e1 79. 105 Thromboprophylaxis and Neuraxial Anesthesia - p. 1147 80. Section IX Plastic Surgery - p. 1148.e1 81. 106 Soft Tissue Healing - p. 1150 82. 107 The Problem Wound - p. 1162 83. Section X Fractures About the Knee - p. 1166.e2 84. 108 Distal Femur Fractures - p. 1168 85. 109 Tibial Plateau Fractures - p. 1180 86. 110 Fractures of the Patella - p. 1195 87. 111 Treatment of Periprosthetic Fractures Around a Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1208 88. Section XI Pediatric Knee - p. 1215.e1 89. 112 Normal Knee Embryology and Development - p. 1217 90. 113 Congenital Deformities of the Knee - p. 1223 91. 114 Meniscal Disorders - p. 1247 92. 115 Osteochondritis Dissecans - p. 1255 93. 116 Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Pediatric Patients - p. 1261 94. 117 Tibial Spine Fractures - p. 1273 95. 118 Physeal Fractures About the Knee - p. 1281 96. 119 Patellar Instability - p. 1289 97. Section XIIA Joint Replacement and Its Alternatives - p. 1305.e4 98. 120 Nonoperative Treatment of Knee Arthritis - p. 1307 99. 121 Osteotomies About the Knee - p. 1323 100. 122 Osteotomy for the Arthritic Knee - p. 1343 101. 123 Scoring Systems and Their Validation for the Arthritic Knee - p. 1362 102. 124 Historic Development, Classification, and Characteristics of Knee Prostheses - p. 1375 103. 125 Unicompartmental, Bicompartmental, or Tricompartmental Arthritis of the Knee - p. 1405 104. 126 Patellofemoral Arthroplasty - p. 1409 105. 127 Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1420 106. 128 Unicomparmental Knee Replacement With ACL Reconstruction - p. 1430 107. 129 Fixed-Bearing Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1435 108. 130 Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Mobile Bearing - p. 1446 109. 131 Bicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1471 110. 132 Bicondylar Knee Replacement - p. 1476 111. 133 Bicruciate Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1487 112. 134 Bicruciate Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1493 113. 135 European Analysis and Results of Partial Knee Replacement - p. 1498 114. 136 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Retention in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1502 115. 137 Preserving the Posterior Cruciate Ligament - p. 1509 116. 138 Custom-Made Knee Replacements - p. 1519 117. 139 Posterior Cruciate Sacrificing Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1526 118. 140 Posterior Cruciate Ligament—Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1529 119. 141 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1545 120. 142 Mobile-Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1566 121. 143 Cemented Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1572 122. 144 Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1576 123. 145 Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1585 124. Introduction - p. 1585 125. History of Patellar Resurfacing - p. 1585 126. Basic Science - p. 1588 127. Surgical Technique - p. 1602 128. Pros and Cons of Patella Resurfacing - p. 1611 129. Patella-Related Complications in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1613 130. Anterior Knee Pain and Causes Thereof - p. 1617 131. Predictors of Anterior Knee Pain - p. 1620 132. Secondary Resurfacing - p. 1621 133. Patellar Scoring Systems - p. 1622 134. Prospective and Randomized Controlled Trials - p. 1623 135. Regional and National Arthroplasty Registries - p. 1625 136. Conclusion - p. 1627 137. Acknowledgments - p. 1628 138. References - p. 1628 139. 146 Patella Resurfacing—Never - p. 1630 140. 147 Patella Resurfacing—Always - p. 1637 141. 148 Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1647 142. 149 Surgical Approaches in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1652 143. 150 Surgical Techniques and Instrumentation in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1665 144. Relevant Knee Anatomy and Alignment - p. 1665 145. Objectives of Prosthetic Replacement - p. 1666 146. Theories of Surgical Technique - p. 1667 147. Preoperative Planning - p. 1677 148. Exposure - p. 1679 149. Techniques and Instrumentation - p. 1683 150. Fitting of Trial Components - p. 1691 151. Cemented Versus Uncemented Fixation - p. 1696 152. Management of Instability or Deformity - p. 1698 153. Management of Varus Deformity - p. 1700 154. Asymmetrical Valgus Instability - p. 1702 155. Flexion Contracture - p. 1709 156. Extension Contracture (“Stiff Knee”) - p. 1710 157. Correction of Genu Recurvatum - p. 1711 158. Management of Bone Defects - p. 1711 159. Intraoperative Problems and Their Solutions (Insall) - p. 1717 160. Aftercare of Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1719 161. References - p. 1719 162. 151 Gap-Balancing Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1721 163. 152 Modern Measured Resection Technique - p. 1727 164. 153 Is the Understanding of Gap Balancing and Measured Resection Techniques Necessary to Understand Image-Guided Surgical Techniques for Knee Arthroplasty? - p. 1736 165. 154 Mid-Flexion Instability After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1740 166. 155 Correction of Fixed Deformities With Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1750 167. 156 Correction of Deformities With Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1761 168. 157 Pressure Sensors and Soft Tissue Balancing - p. 1766 169. 158 The Clinical Effectiveness of Custom-Made Guides for Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1770 170. 159 Computer Navigation in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1775 171. 160 Kinematically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1784 172. 161 Computer-Assisted Navigation - p. 1797 173. 162 Robotics in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1806 174. 163 Robotic Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1813 175. 164 Management of Extra-Articular Deformity in Total Knee Arthroplasty With Navigation - p. 1818 176. 165 Computer-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty for Extramedullary Deformity - p. 1827 177. 166 Impact of the Cavus Foot and Ankle on the Painful Knee - p. 1837 178. 167 Flat Foot and Its Effect on the Knee - p. 1844 179. 168 The Impact of the Foot and Ankle on Total Knee Replacement - p. 1848 180. Section XIIB Revision and Complex Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1856.e2 181. 169 Complications of Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1858 182. 170 Extensile Exposures for Revision Total Knee Replacement - p. 1884 183. 171 Revision of Aseptic Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1897 184. 172 The Infected Total Knee Replacement - p. 1916 185. 173 Instability in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1927 186. 174 Management of Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1936 187. 175 Patellar Revision - p. 1946 188. 176 Patellar Fractures in Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1953 189. 177 Extensor Mechanism Disruption After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1959 190. Section XIII Total Knee Arthroplasty Perioperative Management Issues - p. 1966.e2 191. 178 Obesity - p. 1968 192. 179 Pain Catastrophizers - p. 1972 193. 180 Medical Optimization of Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors - p. 1979 194. 181 Decreasing the Risk of Surgical Site Infections Following Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 1983 195. 182 Effects of Prehabilitation, Falls, and Musculoskeletal Comorbidity on Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes - p. 1988 196. 183 Intra-articular and Periarticular Injections - p. 1995 197. 184 Techniques and Eligibility for Same Day/Next Day Discharge of Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2001 198. 185 Pain Management After Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients Leave the Hospital - p. 2007 199. Part I Hospital Management of TKA Patients - p. 2012.e1 200. 186 Continuous Passive Motion - p. 2014 201. 187 Cryotherapy After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2018 202. 188 Immediate Motion versus Splinting After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2020 203. 189 Internet-Based versus In-Person Physical Therapy After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2022 204. 190 Venous Thromboembolic Disease - p. 2025 205. 191 ACCP, SCIP, and AAOS Guidelines for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis After Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2030 206. 192 Aspirin and Sequential Pneumatic Compression Devices - p. 2034 207. 193 Venous Thromboembolic Disease Stratification of Risk - p. 2038 208. 194 Bleeding and Infection Risk With Aggressive Anticoagulation - p. 2044 209. Part II Economics, Quality, and Payment Paradigms for Total Knee Arthroplasty - p. 2047.e1 210. 195 Total Joint Arthroplasty—Historical Perspective - p. 2049 211. 196 Payment Paradigms - p. 2053 212. 197 Physician-Hospital Partnerships - p. 2057 213. 198 Value-Based Purchasing - p. 2062 214. 199 Quality Measures and Payment for Total Knee Replacement - p. 2068 215. Section XIV Tumors About the Knee - p. 2077 216. 200 Evaluation of the Patient With a Bone Lesion About the Knee - p. 2079 217. 201 Surgical Treatment of Benign Bone Lesions - p. 2085 218. 202 Surgical Management of Malignant Bone Tumors Around the Knee - p. 2096 219. 203 Allograft Prosthetic Composite Reconstruction of the Knee - p. 2102 220. 204 Megaprostheses for Reconstruction Following Tumor Resection About the Knee - p. 2110 221. 205 Metastatic Disease About the Knee - p. 2116 222. 206 Soft Tissue Tumors of the Knee - p. 2128 223. 207 Common Pitfalls in Tumors About the Knee - p. 2139 224. Index - p. I-1
