Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests

1. Title of Book - p. i 2. Cover image - p. i 3. Title page - p. ii 4. Table of Contents - p. iii 5. Inside Front cover - p. iii 6. Half Title - p. iii 7. Front Matter - p. iii 8. Copyright - p. iii 9. Dedication - p. iii 10. Quick Tips for Using this Manual - p. iii 11. Preface - p. vii 12. Diagnostic Testing for the Most Common Diseases - p. xi 13. Chapter 1. Guidelines for Proper Test Preparation and Performance - p. xxiii 14. Chapter 2. Blood Studies - p. 136 15. Overview - p. 14 16. Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody Panel (AChR Ab, Anti–AChR Antibody) - p. 23 17. Acid Phosphatase (Prostatic Acid Phosphatase [PAP], Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase [TRAP]) - p. 25 18. Activated Clotting Time (ACT, Activated Coagulation Time) - p. 27 19. Adiponectin - p. 29 20. Adrenal Steroid Precursors (Androstenediones [AD], Dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA], Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate [DHEA S], 11-Deoxycortisol, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, 17-Hydroxypregnenolone, Pregnenolone) - p. 30 21. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH, Corticotropin) - p. 32 22. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Stimulation (ACTH Stimulation With Cosyntropin, Cortisol Stimulation) - p. 34 23. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Stimulation With Metyrapone (Metyrapone, ACTH Stimulation With Metyrapone) - p. 36 24. Age-Related Macular Degeneration Risk Analysis (Y402H and A69S) - p. 38 25. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT, formerly Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase [SGPT]) - p. 39 26. Aldolase - p. 40 27. Aldosterone - p. 42 28. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) - p. 45 29. Allergy Blood Testing (IgE Antibody Test, Radioallergosorbent Test [RAST]) - p. 47 30. Alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT, A1AT, AAT Phenotyping) - p. 50 31. Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP, Alpha1-Fetoprotein) - p. 51 32. Aluminum (Chromium and Other Heavy Metals) - p. 53 33. Amino Acid Profiles (Amino Acid Screen) - p. 54 34. Ammonia - p. 56 35. Amylase, Blood - p. 58 36. Angiotensin - p. 60 37. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE, Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme [SACE]) - p. 61 38. Anion Gap (AG, R factor) - p. 62 39. Anticentromere Antibody (Centromere Antibody) - p. 64 40. Antichromatin Antibody (Antinucleosome Antibodies [Anti-NCS], Antihistone Antibody [Anti-HST, AHA]) - p. 65 41. Anticyclic-Citrullinated Peptide Antibody (Citrullinated Peptide Antibody, CCP IgG, Anti-CCP) and Anti-Mutated Citrullinated Vimentin (anti-MCV) - p. 66 42. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH, Vasopressin, Arginine Vasopressin [AVP]) - p. 68 43. Antidiuretic Hormone Suppression (ADH Suppression, Water Load) - p. 70 44. Anti-DNA Antibody (Antideoxyribonucleic Acid Antibodies, Antibody to Double-Stranded DNA, Anti–Double-Stranded DNA [Anti–ds-DNA], DNA Antibody, Native Double-Stranded DNA) - p. 72 45. Antiextractable Nuclear Antigen (Anti-ENA, Antibodies to Extractable Nuclear Antigens, Anti–Jo-1 [Antihistidyl Transfer Synthase], Antiribonucleoprotein [Anti-RNP], Anti-Smith [Anti-SM]) - p. 73 46. Anti–Factor Xa (Anti-Xa) - p. 74 47. Antiglomerular Basement Membrane Antibody (Anti-GBM Antibody, AGBM, Glomerular Basement Antibody, Goodpasture’s Antibody) - p. 76 48. Anti–Glycan Antibodies (Crohn Disease Prognostic Panel, Multiple Sclerosis Antibody Panel) - p. 77 49. Anti-Liver/Kidney Microsomal Type 1 Antibodies (Anti-LKM-1 Antibodies) - p. 78 50. Antimitochondrial Antibody (AMA, Mitochondrial Antibodies) - p. 79 51. Antimyocardial Antibody (AMA) - p. 80 52. Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) - p. 81 53. Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) - p. 82 54. Anti–Parietal Cell Antibody (APCA) - p. 86 55. Anti-PM/Scl-75 and PM/Scl-100 Antibodies (PM/Scl-75 and PM/Scl-100 Antibodies) - p. 87 56. Anti-RNA Polymerase Antibody (Anti-RNA Polymerase I, II, III, RNAP, ARA) - p. 88 57. Antiscleroderma Antibody (Scl-70 Antibody, Anti-topoisomerase I, Scleroderma Antibody, RNA Polymerase III Antibody) - p. 89 58. Anti–Smooth Muscle Antibody (ASMA, F-Actin Smooth Muscle Antibody) - p. 90 59. Antispermatozoal Antibody (Sperm Agglutination and Inhibition, Sperm Antibodies, Antisperm Antibodies, Infertility Screen) - p. 91 60. Anti–SS-A (Ro), Anti–SS–B (La), and Anti–SS-C Antibody (Anti-Ro, Anti-La, Sjögren Antibodies) - p. 93 61. Antithrombin Activity and Antigen Assay (Antithrombin III [AT-III] Activity/Assay, Functional Antithrombin III Assay, Heparin Cofactor, Immunologic Antithrombin III, Serine Protease Inhibitor) - p. 94 62. Antithyroglobulin Antibody (Thyroid Autoantibody, Thyroid Antithyroglobulin Antibody, Thyroglobulin Antibody) - p. 96 63. Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibody (Anti-TPO, TPO-Ab, Antithyroid Microsomal Antibody, Thyroid Autoantibody, Thyroid Microsomal Antibody) - p. 98 64. Apolipoproteins (Apolipoprotein A-I [Apo A-I], Apolipoprotein B [Apo B], Lipoprotein [a] [Lp(a)], Apolipoprotein E [Apo E]) - p. 99 65. Arterial Blood Gases (Blood Gases, ABG) - p. 103 66. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST, Formerly Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase [SGOT]) - p. 112 67. Basic Metabolic Profile (BMP, Chemistry panel, Chem 7, Sequential multiple analysis [SMA] 7, SMAC 7, Chemistry Screen) - p. 114 68. Beta-Hydroxybutyrate - p. 115 69. Bile Acids (Cholic Acid, Chenodeoxycholic Acid, Deoxycholic Acid, Ursodeoxycholic Acid) - p. 116 70. Bilirubin - p. 117 71. Blood Typing (Blood Group Microarray Testing) - p. 122 72. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN, Urea Nitrogen) - p. 126 73. Brain Trauma Indicator (BTI, Ubiquitin Carboxy-Terminal Hydrolase L1 [UCH-L1], Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein [GFAP]) - p. 129 74. Calcitonin (Human Calcitonin [HCT], Thyrocalcitonin) - p. 130 75. Calcium, Blood (Total/Ionized Calcium, Ca) - p. 132 76. Cancer Tumor Markers (Tumor Markers [TM], Tumor-associated Markers) - p. 135 77. Carbon Dioxide Content (CO2 Content, CO2-Combining Power, Bicarbonate [HCO3−]) - p. 138 78. Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb, Carbon Monoxide [CO]) - p. 139 79. Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) - p. 141 80. Cell-Free Maternal DNA Testing (Prenatal Cell-Free DNA Screening, Noninvasive Prenatal Testing [NIPT], Cell-Free DNA in Maternal Blood, cf DNA Screening) - p. 143 81. Cell Surface Immunophenotyping (Flow Cytometry Cell Surface Immunophenotyping, Lymphocyte Immunophenotyping, AIDS T-Lymphocyte Cell Markers, CD4 Marker, CD4/CD8 Ratio, CD4 Percentage) - p. 144 82. Ceramides - p. 147 83. Ceruloplasmin (Cp) - p. 148 84. Chloride, Blood (Cl) - p. 150 85. Cholesterol - p. 151 86. Cholinesterase (CHS, Pseudocholinesterase [PChE], Cholinesterase RBC, Red Blood Cell Cholinesterase, Acetylcholinesterase) - p. 154 87. Chromosome Karyotype (Blood Chromosome Analysis, Chromosome Studies, Cytogenetics, Karyotype) - p. 156 88. Coagulating Factor Concentration (Factor Assay, Coagulating Factors, Blood-Clotting Factors) - p. 158 89. Coagulation Profile (Coagulation panel) - p. 164 90. Cold Agglutinins - p. 164 91. Complement Assay (Total, C3, and C4 Complement) - p. 166 92. Complete Blood Cell Count and Differential Count (CBC and Diff) - p. 168 93. Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP, Chem 12, Chemistry panel, SMA 12 [Sequential Multiple Analysis], SMA 20) - p. 169 94. Coombs Test, Direct (Direct Antiglobulin Test [DAT]) - p. 170 95. Coombs Test, Indirect (Blood Antibody Screening, Indirect Antiglobulin Test [IAT]) - p. 172 96. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test (CRH Stimulation Test) - p. 173 97. Cortisol, Blood (Hydrocortisone, Serum Cortisol, Salivary Cortisol Total Cortisol, Free Cortisol) - p. 174 98. C-Peptide (Connecting Peptide Insulin, Insulin C-Peptide, Proinsulin C-Peptide) - p. 177 99. C-Reactive Protein (CRP, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein [hs-CRP], Ultra-sensitive CRP) - p. 179 100. Creatine Kinase (CK, Creatine Phosphokinase [CPK]) - p. 181 101. Creatinine, Blood (Serum Creatinine) - p. 183 102. Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) - p. 186 103. Cryoglobulin - p. 188 104. Cutaneous Immunofluorescence Antibodies (Indirect IFA Antibodies, Anti–Basement Zone Antibodies, Anti–Cell Surface Antibodies) - p. 190 105. Cytokines - p. 191 106. Cytolethal Distending Toxin B (CdtB) and Antivinculin Antibodies - p. 192 107. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) - p. 193 108. D-Dimer (Fragment D-Dimer, Fibrin Degradation Product [FDP], Fibrin Split Products) - p. 194 109. Dexamethasone Suppression (DS, Prolonged/Rapid DS, Cortisol Suppression, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone [ACTH] Suppression) - p. 196 110. Diabetes Mellitus Autoantibody Panel (Diabetes-Associated Autoantibodies, Insulin Autoantibody [IAA], Islet Cell Antibody [ICA], Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody [GAD Ab]) - p. 199 111. 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG in Erythrocytes) - p. 201 112. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Screening (DIC Screening) - p. 202 113. Drug Monitoring (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring [TDM]) - p. 204 114. Drug Sensitivity Genotype Testing (AccuType) - p. 208 115. Epstein–Barr Virus Testing (EBV Antibody Titer) - p. 209 116. Erythrocyte Fragility (Osmotic Fragility [OF], Red Blood Cell Fragility) - p. 211 117. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR, Sed Rate Test) - p. 212 118. Erythropoietin (EPO) - p. 214 119. Estrogen Fraction (Estriol Excretion, Estradiol, Estrone) - p. 216 120. Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol, Blood Alcohol, Blood EtOH) - p. 219 121. Factor V-Leiden (FVL, Leiden Factor V, Mutation Analysis) - p. 221 122. Febrile Antibodies (Febrile Agglutinins) - p. 223 123. Ferritin - p. 224 124. Fetal Hemoglobin Testing (Kleihauer-Betke Test) - p. 226 125. Fetal Scalp Blood pH - p. 228 126. Fibrinogen (Factor I, Quantitative Fibrinogen) - p. 229 127. Folic Acid (Folate) - p. 231 128. Galectin-3 (GAL-3) - p. 233 129. Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGTP, g-GTP, Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase [GGT]) - p. 234 130. Gastrin - p. 236 131. Gliadin, Endomysial, and Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies (tTG) - p. 237 132. Glucagon - p. 239 133. Glucose, Blood (Blood Sugar, Fasting Blood Sugar [FBS]) - p. 240 134. Glucose, Postprandial (2-Hour Postprandial Glucose [2-Hour PPG], 2-Hour Postprandial Blood Sugar, 1-Hour Glucose Screen for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, O’Sullivan Test) - p. 243 135. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G-6-PD Screen, G-6-PD Quantification, Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency [G-6-PD] DNA Sequencing) - p. 245 136. Glucose Tolerance (GT, Oral Glucose Tolerance [OGT]) - p. 247 137. Glycosylated Hemoglobin (GHb, GHB, Glycohemoglobin, Hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], Diabetic Control Index, Glycated Protein) - p. 251 138. Growth Hormone (GH, Human Growth Hormone [HGH], Somatotropin Hormone [SH]) - p. 253 139. Growth Hormone Stimulation (GH Provocation, Insulin Tolerance [IT], Arginine) - p. 256 140. Haptoglobin - p. 258 141. Heinz Body Preparation - p. 260 142. Hematocrit (Hct, Packed Red Blood Cell Volume, Packed Cell Volume [PCV]) - p. 261 143. Hemoglobin (Hgb, Hb) - p. 265 144. Hemoglobin Electrophoresis (Hgb Electrophoresis) - p. 268 145. Hepatitis Virus Studies (Hepatitis-Associated Antigen [HAA], Australian Antigen) - p. 270 146. Hexosaminidase (Hexosaminidase A, Hex A, Total Hexosaminidase, Hexosaminidase A and B) - p. 273 147. HIV Drug Resistance Testing (HIV Genotype, HIV Tropism) - p. 275 148. HIV RNA Quantification (HIV Viral Load) - p. 277 149. HIV Serologic and Virologic Testing (AIDS Serology, Acquired Immunodeficiency Serology, AIDS Screen, Human Immunodeficiency Virus [HIV] Antibody Test, Western Blot Test, p24 Direct Antigen, HIV-RNA Viral Test) - p. 279 150. Homocysteine (HCY) - p. 283 151. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG, Pregnancy Tests, hCG Beta Subunit) - p. 285 152. Human Lymphocyte Antigen (HLA Antigen, HLA-B27 Antigen, Human Leukocyte A Antigen, White Blood Cell Antigens, Histocompatibility Leukocyte A Antigen) - p. 288 153. Human Placental Lactogen ([hPL], Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin [HCS]) - p. 290 154. Human T-Cell Lymphotrophic Virus ([HTLV] I/II Antibody) - p. 291 155. 21-Hydroxylase Antibodies - p. 292 156. Immunoglobulin Quantification - p. 293 157. Insulin Assay - p. 296 158. Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF-1, Somatomedin C, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins [IGF BP]) - p. 298 159. Intrinsic Factor Antibody (IF ab) - p. 300 160. Iron Level (Fe), Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC), Transferrin, Transferrin Saturation - p. 301 161. Ischemia-Modified Albumin (IMA) - p. 305 162. Lactic Acid (Lactate) - p. 306 163. Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH, Lactate Dehydrogenase) - p. 308 164. Lactose Tolerance (Hydrogen breath test, Breath test) - p. 310 165. Legionnaires Disease Antibody - p. 313 166. Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP, Aminopeptidase Cytosol) - p. 314 167. Lipase (Pancreatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase) - p. 315 168. Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2, PLAC Test) - p. 316 169. Lipoproteins (High-Density Lipoproteins [HDL, HDL-C] Low-Density Lipoproteins [LDL, LDL-C], Very Low–Density Lipoproteins [VLDL], Lipoprotein Electrophoresis, Lipoprotein Phenotyping, Lipid Fractionation, Non-HDL Cholesterol, Lipid Profile) - p. 317 170. Liquid Biopsy (Fluid biopsy, Fluid phase biopsy) - p. 323 171. Liver Function Tests (LFTs, Liver Profile, Hepatic Function Panel) - p. 324 172. Luteinizing Hormone (LH, Lutropin) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Assay - p. 324 173. Lyme Disease - p. 328 174. Magnesium (Mg) - p. 330 175. Marijuana (THC) Test (Cannabinoid or Cannabis Testing, Tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] Testing) - p. 332 176. Maternal Screen Testing (Maternal Triple Screen, Maternal Quadruple Screen) - p. 333 177. Measles Rubeola Antibody - p. 335 178. Metal Testing (lead, arsenic, mercury) - p. 336 179. Metanephrine, Plasma Free (Fractionated Metanephrines) - p. 338 180. Methemoglobin (Hemoglobin M) - p. 339 181. Methylated Septin 9 DNA Assay (mSEPT9, ColoVantage) - p. 341 182. Microglobulin (Beta-2 Microglobulin [B2M], Alpha 1 Microglobulin, and Retinol-Binding Protein) - p. 342 183. Mononucleosis Rapid Test (Mononuclear Heterophil Test, Heterophil Antibody Test, Monospot Test) - p. 344 184. Mycoplasma pneumoniae Antibodies, IgG and IgM - p. 345 185. Myoglobin - p. 346 186. Natriuretic Peptides (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide [ANP], Brain Natriuretic Peptide [BNP], C-Type Natriuretic Peptide [CNP], B-Type Natriuretic Peptide [BNP], Ventricular Natriuretic Peptide, CHF Peptides) - p. 347 187. Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) - p. 349 188. Neutrophil Antibody Screen (Granulocyte Antibodies, Polymorphonucleocyte Antibodies [PMN ab], Antigranulocyte Antibodies, Antineutrophil Antibodies, Neutrophil Antibodies) - p. 350 189. Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin (NGAL, Lipocalin-2) - p. 352 190. Newborn Metabolic Screening - p. 353 191. 5'-Nucleotidase - p. 356 192. Osmolality, Blood (Serum Osmolality) - p. 357 193. Pancreatic Elastase (PE, Elastase-1, EL1, Fecal Elastase, Pancreatopeptidase) - p. 359 194. Parathyroid Hormone (PTH, Parathormone) - p. 361 195. Partial Thromboplastin Time, Activated (aPTT, Partial Thromboplastin Time [PTT]) - p. 364 196. Parvovirus B19 Antibody - p. 366 197. Pepsinogen - p. 367 198. Pheochromocytoma Suppression and Provocative Testing (Clonidine suppression test [CST], Glucagon stimulation test) - p. 368 199. Phosphate (PO4), Phosphorus (P) - p. 370 200. Phosphatidylinositol Antigen (PI-Linked Antigen) - p. 373 201. Phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibodies (Anti-PLA2R) - p. 374 202. Placental Growth Factor (PGF, Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1[sFlt-1]) - p. 375 203. Plasminogen (Fibrinolysin) - p. 376 204. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Antigen/Activity (PAI-1) - p. 377 205. Platelet Aggregation - p. 378 206. Platelet Antibody (Antiplatelet antibody detection) - p. 380 207. Platelet Count (Thrombocyte Count) - p. 381 208. Platelet Function Assay (Platelet Closure Time, PCT, Aspirin Resistance Tests, Bleeding Time [BT], 11-Dehydro-Thromboxane B2) - p. 384 209. Platelet Volume, Mean (Mean Platelet Volume [MPV]) - p. 387 210. Potassium, Blood (K) - p. 388 211. Prealbumin (PAB, Thyroxine-Binding Prealbumin [TBPA], Thyretin, Transthyretin) - p. 391 212. Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) - p. 393 213. Procalcitonin (PCT, ProCT) - p. 394 214. Progesterone Assay - p. 396 215. Prolactin Level (PRL) - p. 398 216. Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) - p. 400 217. Protein (Protein Electrophoresis, Immunofixation Electrophoresis [IFE], Serum Protein Electrophoresis [SPEP], Albumin, Globulin, Total Protein) - p. 404 218. Protein C, Protein S - p. 411 219. Prothrombin Time (PT, Pro-Time, International Normalized Ratio [INR]) - p. 413 220. Rabies-Neutralizing Antibody Test - p. 417 221. Red Blood Cell Count (RBC Count, Erythrocyte Count) - p. 418 222. Red Blood Cell Indices (RBC Indices, Mean Corpuscular Volume [MCV], Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin [MCH], Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration [MCHC], Blood Indices, Erythrocyte Indices, Red Blood Cell Distribution Width [RDW]) - p. 421 223. Renin Assay, Plasma (Renin Activity, Plasma Renin Activity [PRA], Plasma Renin Concentration [PRC]) - p. 425 224. Reticulocyte Count (Retic Count) - p. 429 225. Rheumatoid Factor (RF, Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA] Factor) - p. 431 226. Ribosome P Antibodies (Ribosomal P Ab, Anti-Ribosome P Antibodies) - p. 433 227. Rubella Antibody (German Measles, Hemagglutination Inhibition [HAI]) - p. 434 228. Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and Chromogranin A - p. 436 229. Sickle Cell Screen (Sickledex, Hemoglobin S [Hgb S]) - p. 438 230. Sodium, Blood (Na) - p. 440 231. Streptococcus Serologic Testing (Antistreptolysin O Titer [ASO], Antideoxyribonuclease-B Titer [Anti-DNase-B, ADB], Streptococcus Group B Antigen Detection, Streptozyme) - p. 443 232. Syphilis Detection (Serologic Test for Syphilis [STS], Venereal Disease Research Laboratory [VDRL], Rapid Plasma Reagin [RPR], Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody [FTA]) - p. 445 233. Testosterone (Total Testosterone Serum Level) - p. 447 234. Thromboelastography (Thromboelastometry) - p. 450 235. Thrombosis Indicators (Fibrin Monomers [Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs)], Fibrin Split Products [FSPs], Fibrinopeptide A [FPA], Prothrombin Fragment [F1  +  2]) - p. 453 236. Thyroglobulin (Tg, Thyrogen-Stimulated Thyroglobulin) - p. 455 237. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH, Thyrotropin) - p. 457 238. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Stimulation (TSH Stimulation) - p. 459 239. Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulins (TSI, Long-Acting Thyroid Stimulator [LATS], Thyroid-Binding Inhibitory Immunoglobulin [TBII], Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody) - p. 460 240. Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test (TRH Stimulation Test, Thyrotropin-Releasing Factor Stimulation Test [TRF Stimulation Test]) - p. 462 241. Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG, Thyroid-Binding Globulin) - p. 464 242. Thyroxine, Total and Free (T4, Thyroxine Screen, FT4) - p. 465 243. Toxoplasmosis Antibody Titer - p. 468 244. Transferrin Receptor Assay (TfR) - p. 469 245. Triglycerides (TGs) - p. 471 246. Triiodothyronine (Total T3 Radioimmunoassay [T3 by RIA], Free T3) - p. 473 247. Troponins (Cardiac-Specific Troponin T [cTnT], Cardiac-Specific Troponin I [cTnI]) - p. 475 248. Uric Acid, Blood - p. 477 249. Uroporphyrinogen-1-Synthase - p. 480 250. Vitamin B12 and Methylmalonic Acid (MMA) - p. 481 251. Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D2 and D3; 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]) - p. 483 252. West Nile Virus Testing - p. 486 253. White Blood Cell Count and Differential Count (WBC and Differential, Leukocyte Count, Neutrophil Count, Lymphocyte Count, Monocyte Count, Eosinophil Count, Basophil Count) - p. 488 254. D-Xylose Absorption (Xylose Tolerance) - p. 494 255. Zinc Protoporphyrin (ZPP) - p. 496 256. Chapter 3. Electrodiagnostic Tests - p. 497 257. Chapter 4. Endoscopic Studies - p. 539 258. Chapter 5. Fluid Analysis Studies - p. 587 259. Chapter 6. Manometric Studies - p. 646 260. Chapter 7. Microbiologic Studies and Associated Testing - p. 661 261. Chapter 8. Nuclear Scanning - p. 746 262. Chapter 9. Stool Tests - p. 811 263. Chapter 10. Ultrasound Studies - p. 827 264. Chapter 11. Urine Studies - p. 870 265. Chapter 12. X-Ray Studies - p. 946 266. Chapter 13. Miscellaneous Studies - p. 1058 267. Illustration Credits - p. 1117 268. Alphabetical List of Tests - p. 1119 269. Panel Testing - p. 1130 270. Abbreviations for Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests - p. 1132 271. Index - p. 1137 272. Inside Back Cover - p. 1174 273. Inside Back Cover-2 - p. 1174