This unique work from acclaimed author Dr. Paul Marino (Marino’s The ICU Book, The Little ICU Book) challenges the traditional notion that the human body thrives on oxygen, and that promoting tissue oxygenation is necessary for promoting life. This concept fails to recognize that oxygen is a destructive molecule that also damages the human body. Instead of welcoming oxygen, the human body limits exposure of the tissues to oxygen, and employs an army of chemical antioxidants to combat the damaging effects of oxygen. This “oxygen protective” human design represents a new paradigm for the relationship between oxygen and human survival, and it has important implications for the excessive and unregulated use of oxygen in clinical practice.
1. Cover - p. Cover 2. Title Page - p. iii 3. Copyright - p. iv 4. Dedication - p. v 5. Preface - p. ix 6. Acknowledgments - p. xiii 7. Table of Contents - p. xv 8. SECTION I: How Important Is Oxygen? - p. 1 9. 1 Is O2 delivery the principal function of the cardiorespiratory system? - p. 3 10. VENTILATION - p. 3 11. CIRCULATION - p. 7 12. SUMMATION - p. 12 13. REFERENCES - p. 12 14. 2 Is O2 transport the principal function of hemoglobin? - p. 15 15. THE BURDEN OF THE ERYTHRON - p. 15 16. CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT - p. 21 17. SUMMATION - p. 25 18. REFERENCES - p. 25 19. 3 How much oxygen is in tissues? - p. 27 20. OXYGEN PRESSURES - p. 27 21. TOTAL BODY OXYGEN - p. 31 22. SUMMATION - p. 36 23. REFERENCES - p. 37 24. 4 Is tissue hypoxia a common cause of death? - p. 39 25. LACTATE - p. 40 26. OXYGEN DEBT - p. 49 27. SUMMATION - p. 51 28. REFERENCES - p. 51 29. 5 Is oxygen therapy based on tissue needs? - p. 55 30. CURRENT GUIDELINES - p. 55 31. TOLERANCE TO HYPOXEMIA - p. 58 32. RESPONSE TO O2 THERAPY - p. 64 33. SUMMATION - p. 68 34. REFERENCES - p. 68 35. 6 Are red blood cell transfusions based on tissue needs? - p. 71 36. ANEMIA - p. 71 37. RESPONSE TO RBC TRANSFUSIONS - p. 76 38. SUMMATION - p. 80 39. REFERENCES - p. 82 40. SECTION II: How Destructive Is Oxygen? - p. 85 41. 7 What is oxidation? - p. 87 42. THE CHEMISTRY OF OXIDATION - p. 87 43. OXIDATION AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY - p. 90 44. OXIDATIVE DESTRUCTION - p. 95 45. CORROSION - p. 99 46. SUMMATION - p. 100 47. REFERENCES - p. 100 48. 8 What are reactive oxygen species? - p. 103 49. OXYGEN METABOLISM - p. 103 50. OTHER SOURCES - p. 108 51. OXIDATIVE CELL INJURY - p. 112 52. IRON - p. 115 53. PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE - p. 118 54. SUMMATION - p. 119 55. REFERENCES - p. 120 56. 9 Does oxygen participate in the inflammatory response? - p. 123 57. NEUTROPHIL ACTIVATION - p. 123 58. ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION - p. 126 59. INFLAMMATORY TISSUE INJURY - p. 128 60. INFLAMMATORY ROS AND DISEASE - p. 129 61. SUMMATION - p. 134 62. REFERENCES - p. 134 63. 10 What does oxygen have in common with ionizing radiation? - p. 137 64. EARLY HISTORY OF RADIATION - p. 137 65. SHARED MECHANISMS - p. 140 66. ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION - p. 144 67. SUMMATION - p. 146 68. REFERENCES - p. 146 69. 11 Does oxygen promote aging? - p. 149 70. CELLULAR BASIS OF AGING - p. 149 71. FREE RADICAL THEORY OF AGING - p. 152 72. CALORIE RESTRICTION - p. 154 73. MAXIMUM LIFE SPAN - p. 156 74. SUMMATION - p. 156 75. REFERENCES - p. 157 76. 12 Why do our bodies decompose after we die? - p. 161 77. ANTIOXIDANT CHEMISTRY - p. 162 78. ANTIOXIDANT DEFICIENCY - p. 169 79. ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY - p. 173 80. SUMMATION - p. 176 81. REFERENCES - p. 177 82. 13 When is oxygen therapy safe? - p. 181 83. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND - p. 181 84. NORMOBARIC OXYGEN TOXICITY - p. 185 85. ANTIOXIDANT DEPLETION - p. 187 86. SUMMATION - p. 191 87. REFERENCES - p. 192 88. SECTION III: What Now? - p. 195 89. 14 What is the new oxygen paradigm? - p. 197 90. RELEVANT FEATURES - p. 197 91. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS - p. 202 92. Appendix: Other books of Interest - p. 207 93. Index - p. 209
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This unique work from acclaimed author Dr. Paul Marino (Marino’s The ICU Book, The Little ICU Book) challenges the traditional notion that the human body thrives on oxygen, and that promoting tissue oxygenation is necessary for promoting life. This concept fails to recognize that oxygen is a destructive molecule that also damages the human body. Instead of welcoming oxygen, the human body limits exposure of the tissues to oxygen, and employs an army of chemical antioxidants to combat the damaging effects of oxygen. This “oxygen protective” human design represents a new paradigm for the relationship between oxygen and human survival, and it has important implications for the excessive and unregulated use of oxygen in clinical practice.
1. Cover - p. Cover 2. Title Page - p. iii 3. Copyright - p. iv 4. Dedication - p. v 5. Preface - p. ix 6. Acknowledgments - p. xiii 7. Table of Contents - p. xv 8. SECTION I: How Important Is Oxygen? - p. 1 9. 1 Is O2 delivery the principal function of the cardiorespiratory system? - p. 3 10. VENTILATION - p. 3 11. CIRCULATION - p. 7 12. SUMMATION - p. 12 13. REFERENCES - p. 12 14. 2 Is O2 transport the principal function of hemoglobin? - p. 15 15. THE BURDEN OF THE ERYTHRON - p. 15 16. CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT - p. 21 17. SUMMATION - p. 25 18. REFERENCES - p. 25 19. 3 How much oxygen is in tissues? - p. 27 20. OXYGEN PRESSURES - p. 27 21. TOTAL BODY OXYGEN - p. 31 22. SUMMATION - p. 36 23. REFERENCES - p. 37 24. 4 Is tissue hypoxia a common cause of death? - p. 39 25. LACTATE - p. 40 26. OXYGEN DEBT - p. 49 27. SUMMATION - p. 51 28. REFERENCES - p. 51 29. 5 Is oxygen therapy based on tissue needs? - p. 55 30. CURRENT GUIDELINES - p. 55 31. TOLERANCE TO HYPOXEMIA - p. 58 32. RESPONSE TO O2 THERAPY - p. 64 33. SUMMATION - p. 68 34. REFERENCES - p. 68 35. 6 Are red blood cell transfusions based on tissue needs? - p. 71 36. ANEMIA - p. 71 37. RESPONSE TO RBC TRANSFUSIONS - p. 76 38. SUMMATION - p. 80 39. REFERENCES - p. 82 40. SECTION II: How Destructive Is Oxygen? - p. 85 41. 7 What is oxidation? - p. 87 42. THE CHEMISTRY OF OXIDATION - p. 87 43. OXIDATION AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY - p. 90 44. OXIDATIVE DESTRUCTION - p. 95 45. CORROSION - p. 99 46. SUMMATION - p. 100 47. REFERENCES - p. 100 48. 8 What are reactive oxygen species? - p. 103 49. OXYGEN METABOLISM - p. 103 50. OTHER SOURCES - p. 108 51. OXIDATIVE CELL INJURY - p. 112 52. IRON - p. 115 53. PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE - p. 118 54. SUMMATION - p. 119 55. REFERENCES - p. 120 56. 9 Does oxygen participate in the inflammatory response? - p. 123 57. NEUTROPHIL ACTIVATION - p. 123 58. ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION - p. 126 59. INFLAMMATORY TISSUE INJURY - p. 128 60. INFLAMMATORY ROS AND DISEASE - p. 129 61. SUMMATION - p. 134 62. REFERENCES - p. 134 63. 10 What does oxygen have in common with ionizing radiation? - p. 137 64. EARLY HISTORY OF RADIATION - p. 137 65. SHARED MECHANISMS - p. 140 66. ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION - p. 144 67. SUMMATION - p. 146 68. REFERENCES - p. 146 69. 11 Does oxygen promote aging? - p. 149 70. CELLULAR BASIS OF AGING - p. 149 71. FREE RADICAL THEORY OF AGING - p. 152 72. CALORIE RESTRICTION - p. 154 73. MAXIMUM LIFE SPAN - p. 156 74. SUMMATION - p. 156 75. REFERENCES - p. 157 76. 12 Why do our bodies decompose after we die? - p. 161 77. ANTIOXIDANT CHEMISTRY - p. 162 78. ANTIOXIDANT DEFICIENCY - p. 169 79. ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY - p. 173 80. SUMMATION - p. 176 81. REFERENCES - p. 177 82. 13 When is oxygen therapy safe? - p. 181 83. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND - p. 181 84. NORMOBARIC OXYGEN TOXICITY - p. 185 85. ANTIOXIDANT DEPLETION - p. 187 86. SUMMATION - p. 191 87. REFERENCES - p. 192 88. SECTION III: What Now? - p. 195 89. 14 What is the new oxygen paradigm? - p. 197 90. RELEVANT FEATURES - p. 197 91. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS - p. 202 92. Appendix: Other books of Interest - p. 207 93. Index - p. 209
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