Awarded with the 2018 Prose Award in Clinical Medicine, the third edition of Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine explored and described exciting new areas in biomedicine that integrated technology into the treatment of disease and the augmentation of human function. Novel topics such as the sex-specific aspects of space medicine, the development and the use of genderized robots and a discussion of cyborgs were included in the third edition, providing a preview of the expanding world of sex-specific physiology and therapeutics. This Fourth Edition is a continuation of the mission to trace the relevance of biological sex to normal function and to the experience of disease in humans.We are now twenty years into the postgenomic era. The investigation of how the genome produces the phenome has led to fascinating insights as well as yet unanswered questions. Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine, Fourth Edition, has a central theme: discuss advances in understanding the role of epigenetics in regulating gene expression in a dynamic, sex-specific way during human life. It explores the protean role of epigenetics in human physiology, the relevance of environmental experience to human function, the therapeutic promise of cutting-edge methodologies like gene manipulation, the preparation of humans for space travel, the use of artificial intelligence in detection and therapeutic decisions concerning disease states, the possibilities for technological support of not only compromised individuals but of the augmentation of human function, and an analysis of the benefits, limitations and issues that surround our current expectations of personalized medicine.
1. Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine - p. Page i 2. Cover - p. Page i 3. Front Matter - p. Page ii 4. Table of Contents - p. Page iii 5. Copyright - p. Page iv 6. Dedication - p. Page v 7. Contributors - p. Page v 8. Foreword - p. Page viii 9. Preface - p. Page xii 10. List of Illustrations - p. Page xiv 11. List of Tables - p. Page xv 12. Chapter 1 : Is there a role for natural selection in sex differences? - p. Page xv 13. Chapter 2 : Spermatozoa selection in the female reproductive tract: The initiation of the battle of the sexes - p. Page 4 14. Chapter 3 : Gender/sex: Shaping identity in infancy and early childhood - p. Page 20 15. Chapter 4 : A gendered brain perspective from structure to brain interactions - p. Page 35 16. Chapter 5 : Sex-specific implications of exposure to an adverse intrauterine environment - p. Page 55 17. Chapter 6 : Mate choice and the genetic imprint of the battle of the sexes - p. Page 74 18. Chapter 7 : Using the exposome to understand the role of the environment in gender- and sex-specific medicine - p. Page 86 19. Chapter 8 : Regulation of gene expression in the brain by sex hormones - p. Page 109 20. Chapter 9 : Sex-specific differences in mitochondrial function and its role in health disparities - p. Page 124 21. Chapter 10 : Sex differences in fetal programming: Antenatal origins of health and disease (AOHD) - p. Page 140 22. Chapter 11 : Sex differences in the brain: Focus on developmental mechanisms - p. Page 156 23. Chapter 12 : Genes, environments, and epigenetics - p. Page 177 24. Chapter 13 : Epigenetics: Mechanisms, theory, and social implications - p. Page 196 25. Chapter 14 : Adipose-derived stem cells: Use in clinical medicine - p. Page 207 26. Chapter 15 : All cells have a sex: Sex chromosome function at the cellular level - p. Page 224 27. Chapter 16 : Best-laid plans: The establishment of biological sex and its susceptibility to genetic and environmental disruption - p. Page 255 28. Chapter 17 : CRISPR technology and its potential role in treating rare imprinting diseases - p. Page 269 29. Chapter 18 : Parental genome and brain functions: The case of genomic imprinting - p. Page 295 30. Chapter 19 : Microbiome: Impact of sex on function and characteristics of gut microbiome - p. Page 311 31. Chapter 20 : Geoepidemiology and the key role of sex chromosomes on autoimmune diseases - p. Page 325 32. Chapter 21 : Molecular mechanisms of sex differences in epilepsy - p. Page 341 33. Chapter 22 : Consideration of biological sex in stem cell therapies - p. Page 357 34. Chapter 23 : Sex and the human brain: Moving beyond the binary - p. Page 375 35. Chapter 24 : Genomic and epigenomic signature at the branch-point among genome, phenome, and sexome in health and disease: A multiomics approach - p. Page 390 36. Chapter 25 : The importance of gender-specific medicine in the pharmaceutical industry, clinical practice, and global health care - p. Page 404 37. Chapter 26 : The neurobiology of gender identity and gender dysphoria - p. Page 428 38. Chapter 27 : Nutritional genomics and biological sex - p. Page 437 39. Chapter 28 : The invaluable contribution of animal models in understanding sex-dependent differences in neuropsychiatric disorders - p. Page 449 40. Chapter 29 : Sexual dimorphism in molecular biology of cancer - p. Page 459 41. Chapter 30 : The importance of expeditionary fitness in optimizing the human commercial spaceflight experience - p. Page 473 42. Chapter 31 : Brain morphological changes associated with sexual orientation - p. Page 492 43. Chapter 32 : The operationalization of gender in medicine - p. Page 500 44. Chapter 33 : Precision medicine: Overview and challenges to clinical implementation - p. Page 511 45. Chapter 34 : Assessment of fall risks in older females and males using an automated smartphone mobility suite - p. Page 521 46. Chapter 35 : Statin therapy and sex hormones - p. Page 546 47. Chapter 36 : Exercise physiology in women and men - p. Page 564 48. Chapter 37 : Cerebral effects of gender-affirming hormone treatments in transgender persons - p. Page 584 49. Chapter 38 : Artificial intelligence in healthcare - p. Page 598 50. Chapter 39 : Trauma and gender in primary care - p. Page 616 51. Chapter 40 : Fertility treatment and preservation in transgender men and women - p. Page 633 52. Chapter 41 : Atrial fibrillation in women - p. Page 641 53. Chapter 42 : Sex differences in COVID-19 susceptibility – Reductionistic and holistic perspectives - p. Page 651 54. Chapter 43 : Sex and gender differences in sleep disorders: An overview - p. Page 658 55. Chapter 44 : Estrogen: Impact on cardiomyocytes and the heart - p. Page 674 56. Chapter 45 : Beyond sex and gender differences: The case for women's health research - p. Page 691 57. Chapter 46 : Measurement and meaning of gender/sex from bench to bedside – And the mutuality of equity and precision in medicine - p. Page 706 58. Chapter 47 : Person-centered cancer genetic counseling for transgender and gender diverse patients - p. Page 728 59. Chapter 48 : Musculoskeletal complaints in male and female instrumental musicians - p. Page 747 60. Chapter 49 : Sex, gender, and pain - p. Page 764 61. Chapter 50 : Influence of gender on the pathophysiology and treatment of urological malignancies - p. Page 784 62. Chapter 51 : Beyond the mask: The role of camouflaging in managing an autistic identity for girls and women - p. Page 800 63. Chapter 52 : There is no stronger sex: Evolutionary Anthropology's conclusion based on the sex-typical susceptibility to stress factors during prenatal development - p. Page 817 64. Chapter 53 : Robots and gender - p. Page 827 65. Chapter 54 : Sex specificity in neonatal diseases - p. Page 838 66. Chapter 55 : Human male and female phenotypes depend on lifestyle (smoking and hormonal contraceptives): Implications for prevention and care - p. Page 858 67. Index - p. Page 880
Awarded with the 2018 Prose Award in Clinical Medicine, the third edition of Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine explored and described exciting new areas in biomedicine that integrated technology into the treatment of disease and the augmentation of human function. Novel topics such as the sex-specific aspects of space medicine, the development and the use of genderized robots and a discussion of cyborgs were included in the third edition, providing a preview of the expanding world of sex-specific physiology and therapeutics. This Fourth Edition is a continuation of the mission to trace the relevance of biological sex to normal function and to the experience of disease in humans.We are now twenty years into the postgenomic era. The investigation of how the genome produces the phenome has led to fascinating insights as well as yet unanswered questions. Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine, Fourth Edition, has a central theme: discuss advances in understanding the role of epigenetics in regulating gene expression in a dynamic, sex-specific way during human life. It explores the protean role of epigenetics in human physiology, the relevance of environmental experience to human function, the therapeutic promise of cutting-edge methodologies like gene manipulation, the preparation of humans for space travel, the use of artificial intelligence in detection and therapeutic decisions concerning disease states, the possibilities for technological support of not only compromised individuals but of the augmentation of human function, and an analysis of the benefits, limitations and issues that surround our current expectations of personalized medicine.
1. Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine - p. Page i 2. Cover - p. Page i 3. Front Matter - p. Page ii 4. Table of Contents - p. Page iii 5. Copyright - p. Page iv 6. Dedication - p. Page v 7. Contributors - p. Page v 8. Foreword - p. Page viii 9. Preface - p. Page xii 10. List of Illustrations - p. Page xiv 11. List of Tables - p. Page xv 12. Chapter 1 : Is there a role for natural selection in sex differences? - p. Page xv 13. Chapter 2 : Spermatozoa selection in the female reproductive tract: The initiation of the battle of the sexes - p. Page 4 14. Chapter 3 : Gender/sex: Shaping identity in infancy and early childhood - p. Page 20 15. Chapter 4 : A gendered brain perspective from structure to brain interactions - p. Page 35 16. Chapter 5 : Sex-specific implications of exposure to an adverse intrauterine environment - p. Page 55 17. Chapter 6 : Mate choice and the genetic imprint of the battle of the sexes - p. Page 74 18. Chapter 7 : Using the exposome to understand the role of the environment in gender- and sex-specific medicine - p. Page 86 19. Chapter 8 : Regulation of gene expression in the brain by sex hormones - p. Page 109 20. Chapter 9 : Sex-specific differences in mitochondrial function and its role in health disparities - p. Page 124 21. Chapter 10 : Sex differences in fetal programming: Antenatal origins of health and disease (AOHD) - p. Page 140 22. Chapter 11 : Sex differences in the brain: Focus on developmental mechanisms - p. Page 156 23. Chapter 12 : Genes, environments, and epigenetics - p. Page 177 24. Chapter 13 : Epigenetics: Mechanisms, theory, and social implications - p. Page 196 25. Chapter 14 : Adipose-derived stem cells: Use in clinical medicine - p. Page 207 26. Chapter 15 : All cells have a sex: Sex chromosome function at the cellular level - p. Page 224 27. Chapter 16 : Best-laid plans: The establishment of biological sex and its susceptibility to genetic and environmental disruption - p. Page 255 28. Chapter 17 : CRISPR technology and its potential role in treating rare imprinting diseases - p. Page 269 29. Chapter 18 : Parental genome and brain functions: The case of genomic imprinting - p. Page 295 30. Chapter 19 : Microbiome: Impact of sex on function and characteristics of gut microbiome - p. Page 311 31. Chapter 20 : Geoepidemiology and the key role of sex chromosomes on autoimmune diseases - p. Page 325 32. Chapter 21 : Molecular mechanisms of sex differences in epilepsy - p. Page 341 33. Chapter 22 : Consideration of biological sex in stem cell therapies - p. Page 357 34. Chapter 23 : Sex and the human brain: Moving beyond the binary - p. Page 375 35. Chapter 24 : Genomic and epigenomic signature at the branch-point among genome, phenome, and sexome in health and disease: A multiomics approach - p. Page 390 36. Chapter 25 : The importance of gender-specific medicine in the pharmaceutical industry, clinical practice, and global health care - p. Page 404 37. Chapter 26 : The neurobiology of gender identity and gender dysphoria - p. Page 428 38. Chapter 27 : Nutritional genomics and biological sex - p. Page 437 39. Chapter 28 : The invaluable contribution of animal models in understanding sex-dependent differences in neuropsychiatric disorders - p. Page 449 40. Chapter 29 : Sexual dimorphism in molecular biology of cancer - p. Page 459 41. Chapter 30 : The importance of expeditionary fitness in optimizing the human commercial spaceflight experience - p. Page 473 42. Chapter 31 : Brain morphological changes associated with sexual orientation - p. Page 492 43. Chapter 32 : The operationalization of gender in medicine - p. Page 500 44. Chapter 33 : Precision medicine: Overview and challenges to clinical implementation - p. Page 511 45. Chapter 34 : Assessment of fall risks in older females and males using an automated smartphone mobility suite - p. Page 521 46. Chapter 35 : Statin therapy and sex hormones - p. Page 546 47. Chapter 36 : Exercise physiology in women and men - p. Page 564 48. Chapter 37 : Cerebral effects of gender-affirming hormone treatments in transgender persons - p. Page 584 49. Chapter 38 : Artificial intelligence in healthcare - p. Page 598 50. Chapter 39 : Trauma and gender in primary care - p. Page 616 51. Chapter 40 : Fertility treatment and preservation in transgender men and women - p. Page 633 52. Chapter 41 : Atrial fibrillation in women - p. Page 641 53. Chapter 42 : Sex differences in COVID-19 susceptibility – Reductionistic and holistic perspectives - p. Page 651 54. Chapter 43 : Sex and gender differences in sleep disorders: An overview - p. Page 658 55. Chapter 44 : Estrogen: Impact on cardiomyocytes and the heart - p. Page 674 56. Chapter 45 : Beyond sex and gender differences: The case for women's health research - p. Page 691 57. Chapter 46 : Measurement and meaning of gender/sex from bench to bedside – And the mutuality of equity and precision in medicine - p. Page 706 58. Chapter 47 : Person-centered cancer genetic counseling for transgender and gender diverse patients - p. Page 728 59. Chapter 48 : Musculoskeletal complaints in male and female instrumental musicians - p. Page 747 60. Chapter 49 : Sex, gender, and pain - p. Page 764 61. Chapter 50 : Influence of gender on the pathophysiology and treatment of urological malignancies - p. Page 784 62. Chapter 51 : Beyond the mask: The role of camouflaging in managing an autistic identity for girls and women - p. Page 800 63. Chapter 52 : There is no stronger sex: Evolutionary Anthropology's conclusion based on the sex-typical susceptibility to stress factors during prenatal development - p. Page 817 64. Chapter 53 : Robots and gender - p. Page 827 65. Chapter 54 : Sex specificity in neonatal diseases - p. Page 838 66. Chapter 55 : Human male and female phenotypes depend on lifestyle (smoking and hormonal contraceptives): Implications for prevention and care - p. Page 858 67. Index - p. Page 880
