Radioactivity in the Environment, Second Edition, presents the facts on the presence of both natural and manmade radionuclides in the environment. Sources of ionizing radiation that can lead to human exposure are discussed, including natural sources, nuclear explosions, nuclear power generation, the use of radiation in medical, industrial and research purposes, and radiation-emitting consumer products. In this thoroughly updated edition, users will find new sections on developments in radioactive nuclides in nature and technologically modified exposure to natural radiation, new threats by terrorist individuals, groups and countries, changes to the status of nuclear power in the world, and more.
Additional new sections cover radioisotopes in geo-prospecting and the oil industry, the use of radiation in environmental protection, detector types and detectors used for personal dosimetry, the "Dirty Bomb", the Fukushima accident, and North Korea testing sites and nuclear capabilities.
1. Introduction - p. xiii 2. Chapter 1: Radioactive nuclides in nature - p. xiv 3. Chapter 2: Technologically modified exposure to natural radiation - p. 29 4. Chapter 3: Man-made radioactivity - p. 62 5. Chapter 4: Measurements of radioactivity - p. 122 6. Abstract - p. 123 7. 4.1 Radiation interaction with matter - p. 124 8. 4.2 Radiation detectors - p. 143 9. 4.3 Radiometric methods - p. 172 10. 4.4 Nonradiometric methods - p. 217 11. 4.5 QA/QC procedures - p. 243 12. Chapter 5: Radiation Safety - p. 280 13. Chapter 6: The nuclear fuel cycle - p. 328 14. Chapter 7: The bomb - p. 396 15. Chapter 8: Bomb test sites - p. 425 16. Chapter 9: Monitoring accidentally released radionuclides in the environment - p. 503 17. Abstract - p. 505 18. 9.1 Introduction - p. 506 19. 9.2 Pathways and samples of interest - p. 509 20. 9.3 Guidelines for radiological monitoring of the environment - p. 517 21. 9.4 Early warning and emergency response systems - p. 532 22. 9.5 Sample collection and preparation - p. 538 23. 9.6 Measurements of airborne radioactivity - p. 545 24. 9.7 Monitoring food - p. 579 25. 9.8 Mobile radiological unit - p. 583 26. 9.9 Measurement of radioactivity in water - p. 585 27. 9.10 The Chernobyl accident - p. 589 28. 9.11 The Fukushima accident - p. 608 29. 9.12 Convention on early notification of a nuclear accident - p. 618 30. Chapter 10: Decontamination after radiation exposure - p. 634 31. Chapter 11: International safeguards - p. 656 32. Chapter 12: Environmental monitoring for safeguards - p. 711 33. Chapter 13: Comprehensive test ban treaty - p. 741 34. Index - p. 781
Radioactivity in the Environment, Second Edition, presents the facts on the presence of both natural and manmade radionuclides in the environment. Sources of ionizing radiation that can lead to human exposure are discussed, including natural sources, nuclear explosions, nuclear power generation, the use of radiation in medical, industrial and research purposes, and radiation-emitting consumer products. In this thoroughly updated edition, users will find new sections on developments in radioactive nuclides in nature and technologically modified exposure to natural radiation, new threats by terrorist individuals, groups and countries, changes to the status of nuclear power in the world, and more.
Additional new sections cover radioisotopes in geo-prospecting and the oil industry, the use of radiation in environmental protection, detector types and detectors used for personal dosimetry, the "Dirty Bomb", the Fukushima accident, and North Korea testing sites and nuclear capabilities.
1. Introduction - p. xiii 2. Chapter 1: Radioactive nuclides in nature - p. xiv 3. Chapter 2: Technologically modified exposure to natural radiation - p. 29 4. Chapter 3: Man-made radioactivity - p. 62 5. Chapter 4: Measurements of radioactivity - p. 122 6. Abstract - p. 123 7. 4.1 Radiation interaction with matter - p. 124 8. 4.2 Radiation detectors - p. 143 9. 4.3 Radiometric methods - p. 172 10. 4.4 Nonradiometric methods - p. 217 11. 4.5 QA/QC procedures - p. 243 12. Chapter 5: Radiation Safety - p. 280 13. Chapter 6: The nuclear fuel cycle - p. 328 14. Chapter 7: The bomb - p. 396 15. Chapter 8: Bomb test sites - p. 425 16. Chapter 9: Monitoring accidentally released radionuclides in the environment - p. 503 17. Abstract - p. 505 18. 9.1 Introduction - p. 506 19. 9.2 Pathways and samples of interest - p. 509 20. 9.3 Guidelines for radiological monitoring of the environment - p. 517 21. 9.4 Early warning and emergency response systems - p. 532 22. 9.5 Sample collection and preparation - p. 538 23. 9.6 Measurements of airborne radioactivity - p. 545 24. 9.7 Monitoring food - p. 579 25. 9.8 Mobile radiological unit - p. 583 26. 9.9 Measurement of radioactivity in water - p. 585 27. 9.10 The Chernobyl accident - p. 589 28. 9.11 The Fukushima accident - p. 608 29. 9.12 Convention on early notification of a nuclear accident - p. 618 30. Chapter 10: Decontamination after radiation exposure - p. 634 31. Chapter 11: International safeguards - p. 656 32. Chapter 12: Environmental monitoring for safeguards - p. 711 33. Chapter 13: Comprehensive test ban treaty - p. 741 34. Index - p. 781
