It is now more than ten years since the publication of the first edition of Textbook of Paediatric Emergency Medicine and interest in this specialty continues to grow at a local and international level. Paediatric emergency medicine can be a challenging and difficult area for doctors. Children cannot always communicate their problems verbally, while parents are anxious and the possibility of a missed diagnosis is ever present. Although the principles in managing paediatric patients are the same as adults there are significant differences in patterns of illness and response. In addition, the therapies available vary widely between adult and paediatric practice.
1. Chapter 14: Introduction to paediatric trauma - p. g71 2. Chapter 15: Paediatric neurotrauma - p. g77 3. Chapter 16: Spinal injury - p. g84 4. Chapter 17: Thoracic injuries in childhood - p. g93 5. Chapter 18: Abdominal and pelvic trauma - p. g97 6. Chapter 19: Burns - p. g103 7. Chapter 20: Children in a disaster response - p. g108 8. Chapter 21: Wound management - p. g110 9. Section 5: Cardiovascular - p. g120 10. Chapter 22: Cardiovascular assessment and murmurs - p. g120 11. Chapter 23: Chest pain - p. g123 12. Chapter 24: Syncope - p. g126 13. Chapter 25: Cyanotic heart disease and tetralogy of Fallot spells - p. g129 14. Chapter 26: Heart failure - p. g132 15. Chapter 27: Congenital heart disease - p. g134 16. Chapter 28: Acute rheumatic fever - p. g137 17. Chapter 29: Infective endocarditis - p. g141 18. Chapter 30: Kawasaki disease - p. g144 19. Chapter 31: Cardiac arrhythmias - p. g147 20. Section 6: Respiratory - p. g153 21. Chapter 32: Stridor and noisy breathing - p. g153 22. Chapter 33: Upper respiratory tract infections - p. g157 23. Chapter 34: Inhaled foreign body - p. g159 24. Chapter 35: Croup - p. g161 25. Chapter 36: Acute asthma - p. g164 26. Chapter 37: Pertussis - p. g170 27. Chapter 38: Community-acquired pneumonia - p. g173 28. Chapter 39: Bronchiolitis - p. g175 29. Section 7: Gastroenterology and Hepatology - p. g178 30. Chapter 40: Abdominal pain - p. g178 31. Chapter 41: Vomiting - p. g186 32. Chapter 42: Gastrointestinal bleeding - p. g191 33. Chapter 43: Gastro-oesophageal reflux - p. g197 34. Chapter 44: Pyloric stenosis - p. g199 35. Chapter 45: Ingested foreign bodies - p. g201 36. Chapter 46: Acute liver failure - p. g205 37. Chapter 47: Diarrhoea - p. g211 38. Chapter 48: Management of acute hepatitis in children presenting to the emergency department - p. g214 39. Chapter 49: Intussusception - p. g216 40. Chapter 50: Herniae - p. g218 41. Chapter 51: Gastroenteritis - p. g220 42. Chapter 52: Constipation - p. g225 43. Chapter 53: Inflammatory bowel disease - p. g230 44. Section 8: Neurology - p. g233 45. Chapter 54: Cerebrospinal fluid shunt complications - p. g233 46. Chapter 55: Raised intracranial pressure - p. g238 47. Chapter 56: Seizures and non-epileptic events - p. g242 48. Chapter 57: Acute weakness - p. g247 49. Chapter 58: Acute ataxia - p. g253 50. Chapter 59: Headache - p. g258 51. Chapter 60: Central nervous system infections: meningitis and encephalitis - p. g263 52. Section 9: Infectious Diseases - p. g267 53. Chapter 61: Infectious diseases - p. g267 54. Section 10: Metabolic Emergencies - p. g273 55. Chapter 62: Inborn errors of metabolism - p. g273 56. Chapter 63: Hypoglycaemia in the non-diabetic child - p. g278 57. Chapter 64: Diabetic emergencies in children - p. g280 58. Chapter 65: Thyroid emergencies - p. g283 59. Chapter 66: Adrenal emergencies - p. g283 60. Chapter 67: Disorders of fluids, electrolytes and acid–base - p. g288 61. Section 11: Haematology and oncology - p. g295 62. Chapter 68: The use of blood products in children - p. g295 63. Chapter 69: Anaemia - p. g300 64. Chapter 70: Disorders of coagulation - p. g308 65. Chapter 71: Platelet disorders - p. g310 66. Chapter 72: Vasculitis - p. g311 67. Chapter 73: Acute leukaemia - p. g315 68. Chapter 74: Febrile neutropaenia - p. g317 69. Chapter 75: Emergencies in paediatric oncology - p. g318 70. Section 12: Dermatology - p. g325 71. Chapter 76: Dermatology - p. g325 72. Section 13: Eyes - p. g361 73. Chapter 77: Ophthalmological emergencies - p. g361 74. Chapter 78: Congenital, developmental and neoplastic conditions of the eye - p. g367 75. Chapter 79: Ocular trauma - p. g368 76. Section 14: Ent and Dental - p. g371 77. Chapter 80: The ear - p. g371 78. Chapter 81: The nose - p. g376 79. Chapter 82: The mouth and throat - p. g379 80. Chapter 83: Retropharyngeal abscess - p. g383 81. Chapter 84: Foreign bodies and caustic ingestion - p. g383 82. Section 15: Obstetrics and Gynaecology - p. g386 83. Chapter 85: Paediatric gynaecology - p. g386 84. Chapter 86: Emergency contraception - p. g394 85. Section 16: Renal - p. g396 86. Chapter 87: Acute kidney injury - p. g396 87. Chapter 88: Haematuria - p. g401 88. Chapter 89: Hypertension - p. g402 89. Chapter 90: Urinary tract infection in pre-school children - p. g404 90. Chapter 91: Haemolytic uraemic syndrome - p. g406 91. Chapter 92: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome - p. g409 92. Chapter 93: Henoch–Schönlein purpura - p. g418 93. Section 17: Psychiatric - p. g422 94. Chapter 94: Paediatric psychiatric emergencies - p. g422 95. Chapter 95: The treatment of the behaviourally disturbed adolescent (See Fig. 17.3.4) - p. g429 96. Chapter 96: Autism and behavioural disturbance in the pre-adolescent child - p. g433 97. Section 18: Crisis Intervention - p. g437 98. Chapter 97: Sexual assault - p. g437 99. Chapter 98: Child at risk - p. g441 100. Section 19: Administration In EMS - p. g444 101. Chapter 99: Managing the death of a child in the emergency department: Bereavement issues - p. g444 102. Section 20: Analgesia and Sedation - p. g450 103. Chapter 100: Analgesia - p. g450 104. Chapter 101: Paediatric procedural sedation within the emergency department - p. g457 105. Section 21: Poisoning - p. g463 106. Chapter 102: General approach to poisoning - p. g463 107. Chapter 103: Specific poisons - p. g469 108. Section 22: Environmental - p. g477 109. Chapter 104: Envenomation - p. g477 110. Chapter 105: Drowning - p. g493 111. Chapter 106: Heat-induced illness - p. g498 112. Chapter 107: Cold injuries - p. g502 113. Chapter 108: Anaphylaxis - p. g507 114. Section 23: Ultrasound - p. g511 115. Chapter 109: Ultrasound - p. g511 116. Chapter 110: Diagnostic ultrasound in paediatric emergency medicine - p. g514 117. Chapter 111: Ultrasound guidance for procedures - p. g 118. Chapter 112: Incorporating ultrasound into paediatric resuscitation - p. g519 119. Section 24: Common Procedures - p. g521 120. Chapter 113: Estimating the weight of infants and children - p. g521 121. Chapter 114: Basic airway management techniques - p. g526 122. Chapter 115: Non-Invasive Ventilation - p. g531 123. Chapter 116: Endotracheal intubation - p. g534 124. Chapter 117: The surgical airway - p. g538 125. Chapter 118: Chest procedures - p. g538 126. Chapter 119: Removing and replacing a tracheostomy tube - p. g547 127. Chapter 120: Central and peripheral intravenous lines - p. g549 128. Chapter 121: Intraosseous infusions - p. g549 129. Chapter 122: Umbilical vessel cannulation - p. g549 130. Chapter 123: Defibrillation - p. g549 131. Chapter 124: Transurethral catheterisation and suprapubic bladder aspiration - p. g549 132. Chapter 125: Lumbar puncture - p. g549 133. Chapter 126: Reduction of paediatric inguinal hernias - p. g549 134. Chapter 127: Paraphimosis - p. g549 135. Chapter 128: Gastrostomies and other enteral feeding devices – trouble shooting in the emergency department - p. g549 136. Section 25: Orthopaedics and Rheumatology - p. g549 137. Chapter 129: Orthopaedics and rheumatology - p. g549 138. Chapter 130: Child with a limp - p. g549 139. Chapter 131: Fractures and dislocations - p. g549 140. Chapter 132: Risk management in acute paediatric orthopaedics - p. g600 141. Section 26: Male Genitalia - p. g600 142. Chapter 133: Male genitalia - p. g600 143. Section 27: Transport and Retrieval - p. g605 144. Chapter 134: Paediatric emergency retrieval - p. g605 145. Chapter 135: Sick child in a rural hospital - p. g612 146. Section 28: Teaching Paediatric Emergency Medicine - p. g612 147. Chapter 136: Availing web-based resources - p. g612 148. Chapter 137: Teaching paediatric emergency medicine - p. g612 149. Section 29: Paediatric Research in the Emergency Department - p. g622 150. Chapter 138: Research in children in the emergency department - p. g622 151. Section 30: Adolescent Medicine in the Emergency Department - p. g628 152. Chapter 139: Adolescent medicine in the emergency department - p. g628 153. Chapter 140: Eating disorders and anorexia - p. g634 154. Index - p. g636
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It is now more than ten years since the publication of the first edition of Textbook of Paediatric Emergency Medicine and interest in this specialty continues to grow at a local and international level. Paediatric emergency medicine can be a challenging and difficult area for doctors. Children cannot always communicate their problems verbally, while parents are anxious and the possibility of a missed diagnosis is ever present. Although the principles in managing paediatric patients are the same as adults there are significant differences in patterns of illness and response. In addition, the therapies available vary widely between adult and paediatric practice.
1. Chapter 14: Introduction to paediatric trauma - p. g71 2. Chapter 15: Paediatric neurotrauma - p. g77 3. Chapter 16: Spinal injury - p. g84 4. Chapter 17: Thoracic injuries in childhood - p. g93 5. Chapter 18: Abdominal and pelvic trauma - p. g97 6. Chapter 19: Burns - p. g103 7. Chapter 20: Children in a disaster response - p. g108 8. Chapter 21: Wound management - p. g110 9. Section 5: Cardiovascular - p. g120 10. Chapter 22: Cardiovascular assessment and murmurs - p. g120 11. Chapter 23: Chest pain - p. g123 12. Chapter 24: Syncope - p. g126 13. Chapter 25: Cyanotic heart disease and tetralogy of Fallot spells - p. g129 14. Chapter 26: Heart failure - p. g132 15. Chapter 27: Congenital heart disease - p. g134 16. Chapter 28: Acute rheumatic fever - p. g137 17. Chapter 29: Infective endocarditis - p. g141 18. Chapter 30: Kawasaki disease - p. g144 19. Chapter 31: Cardiac arrhythmias - p. g147 20. Section 6: Respiratory - p. g153 21. Chapter 32: Stridor and noisy breathing - p. g153 22. Chapter 33: Upper respiratory tract infections - p. g157 23. Chapter 34: Inhaled foreign body - p. g159 24. Chapter 35: Croup - p. g161 25. Chapter 36: Acute asthma - p. g164 26. Chapter 37: Pertussis - p. g170 27. Chapter 38: Community-acquired pneumonia - p. g173 28. Chapter 39: Bronchiolitis - p. g175 29. Section 7: Gastroenterology and Hepatology - p. g178 30. Chapter 40: Abdominal pain - p. g178 31. Chapter 41: Vomiting - p. g186 32. Chapter 42: Gastrointestinal bleeding - p. g191 33. Chapter 43: Gastro-oesophageal reflux - p. g197 34. Chapter 44: Pyloric stenosis - p. g199 35. Chapter 45: Ingested foreign bodies - p. g201 36. Chapter 46: Acute liver failure - p. g205 37. Chapter 47: Diarrhoea - p. g211 38. Chapter 48: Management of acute hepatitis in children presenting to the emergency department - p. g214 39. Chapter 49: Intussusception - p. g216 40. Chapter 50: Herniae - p. g218 41. Chapter 51: Gastroenteritis - p. g220 42. Chapter 52: Constipation - p. g225 43. Chapter 53: Inflammatory bowel disease - p. g230 44. Section 8: Neurology - p. g233 45. Chapter 54: Cerebrospinal fluid shunt complications - p. g233 46. Chapter 55: Raised intracranial pressure - p. g238 47. Chapter 56: Seizures and non-epileptic events - p. g242 48. Chapter 57: Acute weakness - p. g247 49. Chapter 58: Acute ataxia - p. g253 50. Chapter 59: Headache - p. g258 51. Chapter 60: Central nervous system infections: meningitis and encephalitis - p. g263 52. Section 9: Infectious Diseases - p. g267 53. Chapter 61: Infectious diseases - p. g267 54. Section 10: Metabolic Emergencies - p. g273 55. Chapter 62: Inborn errors of metabolism - p. g273 56. Chapter 63: Hypoglycaemia in the non-diabetic child - p. g278 57. Chapter 64: Diabetic emergencies in children - p. g280 58. Chapter 65: Thyroid emergencies - p. g283 59. Chapter 66: Adrenal emergencies - p. g283 60. Chapter 67: Disorders of fluids, electrolytes and acid–base - p. g288 61. Section 11: Haematology and oncology - p. g295 62. Chapter 68: The use of blood products in children - p. g295 63. Chapter 69: Anaemia - p. g300 64. Chapter 70: Disorders of coagulation - p. g308 65. Chapter 71: Platelet disorders - p. g310 66. Chapter 72: Vasculitis - p. g311 67. Chapter 73: Acute leukaemia - p. g315 68. Chapter 74: Febrile neutropaenia - p. g317 69. Chapter 75: Emergencies in paediatric oncology - p. g318 70. Section 12: Dermatology - p. g325 71. Chapter 76: Dermatology - p. g325 72. Section 13: Eyes - p. g361 73. Chapter 77: Ophthalmological emergencies - p. g361 74. Chapter 78: Congenital, developmental and neoplastic conditions of the eye - p. g367 75. Chapter 79: Ocular trauma - p. g368 76. Section 14: Ent and Dental - p. g371 77. Chapter 80: The ear - p. g371 78. Chapter 81: The nose - p. g376 79. Chapter 82: The mouth and throat - p. g379 80. Chapter 83: Retropharyngeal abscess - p. g383 81. Chapter 84: Foreign bodies and caustic ingestion - p. g383 82. Section 15: Obstetrics and Gynaecology - p. g386 83. Chapter 85: Paediatric gynaecology - p. g386 84. Chapter 86: Emergency contraception - p. g394 85. Section 16: Renal - p. g396 86. Chapter 87: Acute kidney injury - p. g396 87. Chapter 88: Haematuria - p. g401 88. Chapter 89: Hypertension - p. g402 89. Chapter 90: Urinary tract infection in pre-school children - p. g404 90. Chapter 91: Haemolytic uraemic syndrome - p. g406 91. Chapter 92: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome - p. g409 92. Chapter 93: Henoch–Schönlein purpura - p. g418 93. Section 17: Psychiatric - p. g422 94. Chapter 94: Paediatric psychiatric emergencies - p. g422 95. Chapter 95: The treatment of the behaviourally disturbed adolescent (See Fig. 17.3.4) - p. g429 96. Chapter 96: Autism and behavioural disturbance in the pre-adolescent child - p. g433 97. Section 18: Crisis Intervention - p. g437 98. Chapter 97: Sexual assault - p. g437 99. Chapter 98: Child at risk - p. g441 100. Section 19: Administration In EMS - p. g444 101. Chapter 99: Managing the death of a child in the emergency department: Bereavement issues - p. g444 102. Section 20: Analgesia and Sedation - p. g450 103. Chapter 100: Analgesia - p. g450 104. Chapter 101: Paediatric procedural sedation within the emergency department - p. g457 105. Section 21: Poisoning - p. g463 106. Chapter 102: General approach to poisoning - p. g463 107. Chapter 103: Specific poisons - p. g469 108. Section 22: Environmental - p. g477 109. Chapter 104: Envenomation - p. g477 110. Chapter 105: Drowning - p. g493 111. Chapter 106: Heat-induced illness - p. g498 112. Chapter 107: Cold injuries - p. g502 113. Chapter 108: Anaphylaxis - p. g507 114. Section 23: Ultrasound - p. g511 115. Chapter 109: Ultrasound - p. g511 116. Chapter 110: Diagnostic ultrasound in paediatric emergency medicine - p. g514 117. Chapter 111: Ultrasound guidance for procedures - p. g 118. Chapter 112: Incorporating ultrasound into paediatric resuscitation - p. g519 119. Section 24: Common Procedures - p. g521 120. Chapter 113: Estimating the weight of infants and children - p. g521 121. Chapter 114: Basic airway management techniques - p. g526 122. Chapter 115: Non-Invasive Ventilation - p. g531 123. Chapter 116: Endotracheal intubation - p. g534 124. Chapter 117: The surgical airway - p. g538 125. Chapter 118: Chest procedures - p. g538 126. Chapter 119: Removing and replacing a tracheostomy tube - p. g547 127. Chapter 120: Central and peripheral intravenous lines - p. g549 128. Chapter 121: Intraosseous infusions - p. g549 129. Chapter 122: Umbilical vessel cannulation - p. g549 130. Chapter 123: Defibrillation - p. g549 131. Chapter 124: Transurethral catheterisation and suprapubic bladder aspiration - p. g549 132. Chapter 125: Lumbar puncture - p. g549 133. Chapter 126: Reduction of paediatric inguinal hernias - p. g549 134. Chapter 127: Paraphimosis - p. g549 135. Chapter 128: Gastrostomies and other enteral feeding devices – trouble shooting in the emergency department - p. g549 136. Section 25: Orthopaedics and Rheumatology - p. g549 137. Chapter 129: Orthopaedics and rheumatology - p. g549 138. Chapter 130: Child with a limp - p. g549 139. Chapter 131: Fractures and dislocations - p. g549 140. Chapter 132: Risk management in acute paediatric orthopaedics - p. g600 141. Section 26: Male Genitalia - p. g600 142. Chapter 133: Male genitalia - p. g600 143. Section 27: Transport and Retrieval - p. g605 144. Chapter 134: Paediatric emergency retrieval - p. g605 145. Chapter 135: Sick child in a rural hospital - p. g612 146. Section 28: Teaching Paediatric Emergency Medicine - p. g612 147. Chapter 136: Availing web-based resources - p. g612 148. Chapter 137: Teaching paediatric emergency medicine - p. g612 149. Section 29: Paediatric Research in the Emergency Department - p. g622 150. Chapter 138: Research in children in the emergency department - p. g622 151. Section 30: Adolescent Medicine in the Emergency Department - p. g628 152. Chapter 139: Adolescent medicine in the emergency department - p. g628 153. Chapter 140: Eating disorders and anorexia - p. g634 154. Index - p. g636
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