Ureases: Foundations, Classes, and Applications provides a thorough, practical analysis of ureases—enzymes of growing relevance across a range of biotechnological applications and drug discovery. Unique in many aspects, ureases are one of the few enzymes to have nickel in their active sites. Ureases covers all aspects of this enzymatic class. Starting with foundational overview, the book discusses historical urease research and the current state, from basic biochemistry to the use of ureases as hallmarks in enzymology, crystallography, and bioinorganic chemistry. The different classes of ureases, structurally diverse but chemically equivalent, are individually discussed. The multi-protein, multi-step activation of ureases (with chemical modification of residues, transport, and transfer of nickel ions) are examined in-depth, along with the catalytic mechanisms of ureolysis and its inhibitors. The final two sections of the book address multiple applications of ureases in health and biotechnology, respectively, going from gastric ulcer treatment to architectural uses in buildings and engineering. Future applications and next steps in research are also considered.
1. Ureases - p. Page i 2. Cover - p. Page i 3. Title page - p. Page ii 4. Table of Contents - p. Page iii 5. Copyright - p. Page iii 6. Contents - p. Page vi 7. List of contributors - p. Page vii 8. About the editors - p. Page vii 9. Preface - p. Page viii 10. List of Illustrations - p. Page xi 11. List of Tables - p. Page xii 12. 1 : Ureases: an overview - p. Page xii 13. 2 : Historical hallmarks in urease study - p. Page 10 14. 3 : Genetics of plant urease, the enzyme that keeps surprising us - p. Page 21 15. 4 : Microbial ureases - p. Page 41 16. 5 : Plant ureases: biochemistry, structure, physiological functions, role of urease inhibitors, and urease applications in industry - p. Page 86 17. 6 : Jack bean urease - p. Page 112 18. 7 : Fungal ureases - p. Page 141 19. 8 : Urease: structure, function, catalysis, and inhibition - p. Page 156 20. 9 : Inhibition of ureases: studies and applications - p. Page 200 21. 10 : Nonenzymatic properties of ureases - p. Page 238 22. 11 : Ureases as drug targets in urinary tract infections - p. Page 286 23. 12 : Ureases as drug targets in fungal infections - p. Page 322 24. 13 : Reaching food security: harnessing urease inhibitors to meet the challenges of growing global population - p. Page 350 25. 14 : Ureases as pesticides - p. Page 371 26. 15 : Ureases in the beverage industry - p. Page 392 27. 16 : Versatility of ureases: many uses for biotechnological and medical applications - p. Page 416 28. Index - p. Page 438
Ureases: Foundations, Classes, and Applications provides a thorough, practical analysis of ureases—enzymes of growing relevance across a range of biotechnological applications and drug discovery. Unique in many aspects, ureases are one of the few enzymes to have nickel in their active sites. Ureases covers all aspects of this enzymatic class. Starting with foundational overview, the book discusses historical urease research and the current state, from basic biochemistry to the use of ureases as hallmarks in enzymology, crystallography, and bioinorganic chemistry. The different classes of ureases, structurally diverse but chemically equivalent, are individually discussed. The multi-protein, multi-step activation of ureases (with chemical modification of residues, transport, and transfer of nickel ions) are examined in-depth, along with the catalytic mechanisms of ureolysis and its inhibitors. The final two sections of the book address multiple applications of ureases in health and biotechnology, respectively, going from gastric ulcer treatment to architectural uses in buildings and engineering. Future applications and next steps in research are also considered.
1. Ureases - p. Page i 2. Cover - p. Page i 3. Title page - p. Page ii 4. Table of Contents - p. Page iii 5. Copyright - p. Page iii 6. Contents - p. Page vi 7. List of contributors - p. Page vii 8. About the editors - p. Page vii 9. Preface - p. Page viii 10. List of Illustrations - p. Page xi 11. List of Tables - p. Page xii 12. 1 : Ureases: an overview - p. Page xii 13. 2 : Historical hallmarks in urease study - p. Page 10 14. 3 : Genetics of plant urease, the enzyme that keeps surprising us - p. Page 21 15. 4 : Microbial ureases - p. Page 41 16. 5 : Plant ureases: biochemistry, structure, physiological functions, role of urease inhibitors, and urease applications in industry - p. Page 86 17. 6 : Jack bean urease - p. Page 112 18. 7 : Fungal ureases - p. Page 141 19. 8 : Urease: structure, function, catalysis, and inhibition - p. Page 156 20. 9 : Inhibition of ureases: studies and applications - p. Page 200 21. 10 : Nonenzymatic properties of ureases - p. Page 238 22. 11 : Ureases as drug targets in urinary tract infections - p. Page 286 23. 12 : Ureases as drug targets in fungal infections - p. Page 322 24. 13 : Reaching food security: harnessing urease inhibitors to meet the challenges of growing global population - p. Page 350 25. 14 : Ureases as pesticides - p. Page 371 26. 15 : Ureases in the beverage industry - p. Page 392 27. 16 : Versatility of ureases: many uses for biotechnological and medical applications - p. Page 416 28. Index - p. Page 438
