Year Book of Urology 2014

1. Cover image - p. 1 2. Title page - p. 2 3. Table of Contents - p. 3 4. Healthcare Access - p. 9 5. Projected Financial Impact of Noncoverage of Elective Circumcision by Louisiana Medicaid in Boys 0 to 5 Years Old - p. 10 6. Imaging - p. 11 7. Testicular Microlithiasis in Children and Associated Testicular Cancer - p. 12 8. Quality Improvement - p. 13 9. Patients' Perspectives of Care and Surgical Outcomes in Michigan: An Analysis Using the CAHPS Hospital Survey - p. 14 10. Complications of Daytime Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies Performed by Surgeons Who Operated the Night Before - p. 15 11. Endourology and Stone Disease - p. 16 12. Endourology - p. 17 13. High Recurrence Rate at 5-Year Followup in Children after Upper Urinary Tract Stone Surgery - p. 18 14. Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery Monotherapy Versus Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Stones 10 to 20 mm in Preschool Children: A Prospective, Randomized Study - p. 19 15. Differences in Ureteroscopic Stone Treatment and Outcomes for Distal, Mid-, Proximal, or Multiple Ureteral Locations: The Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Ureteroscopy Global Study - p. 20 16. Morbidity and Efficacy of Ureteroscopic Stone Treatment in Patients with Neurogenic Bladder - p. 21 17. Medical Management - p. 22 18. Dissolution Therapy versus Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Radiolucent Renal Stones in Children: A Prospective Study - p. 23 19. Prevalence of 24-Hour Urine Collection in High Risk Stone Formers - p. 24 20. Transplantation - p. 25 21. What Are the Harms of Refusing to Allow Living Kidney Donation? An Expanded View of Risks and Benefits - p. 26 22. The Decline in Living Kidney Donation in the United States: Random Variation or Cause for Concern? - p. 27 23. Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease Following Live Kidney Donation - p. 28 24. Sequelae of Early Hospital Readmission After Kidney Transplantation - p. 29 25. First-in-Human Study of the Safety and Efficacy of TOL101 Induction to Prevent Kidney Transplant Rejection - p. 30 26. Renal Transplantation Using Belatacept Without Maintenance Steroids or Calcineurin Inhibitors - p. 31 27. Trauma - p. 32 28. Predictors of Erectile Dysfunction Post Pelvic Fracture Urethral Injuries: A Multivariate Analysis - p. 33 29. Female Urology - p. 34 30. Diagnostics - p. 35 31. Is there a difference between women with or without detrusor overactivity complaining of symptoms of overactive bladder? - p. 36 32. Factors associated with persistent urinary incontinence - p. 37 33. Non-Pharmacologic Therapy - p. 38 34. A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of a Novel Intravesical Pressure Attenuation Device for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence - p. 39 35. Postpartum Pelvic Floor Muscle Training and Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 40 36. Does Bariatric Surgery Affect Urinary Incontinence? - p. 41 37. Pelvic Prolapse - p. 42 38. Comparison of 2 Transvaginal Surgical Approaches and Perioperative Behavioral Therapy for Apical Vaginal Prolapse: The OPTIMAL Randomized Trial - p. 43 39. Long-term Outcomes Following Abdominal Sacrocolpopexy for Pelvic Organ Prolapse - p. 44 40. Comparison of 2 Transvaginal Surgical Approaches and Perioperative Behavioral Therapy for Apical Vaginal Prolapse: The OPTIMAL Randomized Trial - p. 45 41. Comprehensive Evaluation of Anterior Elevate System for the Treatment of Anterior and Apical Pelvic Floor Descent: 2-Year Followup - p. 46 42. Pharmacologic Therapy - p. 47 43. Increased Risk of Large Post-Void Residual Urine and Decreased Long-Term Success Rate After Intravesical OnabotulinumtoxinA Injection for Refractory Idiopathic Detrusor Overactivity - p. 48 44. Effect of Fesoterodine in Vulnerable Elderly Subjects with Urgency Incontinence: A Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial - p. 49 45. Reconstructions/Outcomes - p. 50 46. Treatment of recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic suburethral tape surgery in women - p. 51 47. Tapes and Slings - p. 52 48. Surgery versus Physiotherapy for Stress Urinary Incontinence - p. 53 49. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the surgical treatment of female urinary incontinence using slings and meshes - p. 54 50. Value of Urodynamics Before Stress Urinary Incontinence Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 55 51. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 56 52. Epidemiology and Biomarkers - p. 57 53. Relationship Between Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia/Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Total Serum Testosterone Level in Healthy Middle-Aged Eugonadal Men - p. 58 54. Effect of Selective Alpha-blocker Tamsulosin on Erectile Function in Patients With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 59 55. Medical Treatment - p. 60 56. Impact of Medical Treatments for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia on Ejaculatory Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - p. 61 57. Direct Effects of Tadalafil on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms versus Indirect Effects Mediated Through Erectile Dysfunction Symptom Improvement: Integrated Data Analyses from 4 Placebo Controlled Clinical Studies - p. 62 58. Long-term Oral Administration of 5α-reductase Inhibitor Attenuates Erectile Function by Inhibiting Autophagy and Promoting Apoptosis of Smooth Muscle Cells in Corpus Cavernosum of Aged Rats - p. 63 59. Male Incontinence/Voiding Dysfunction - p. 64 60. Urodynamics and Safety of the β3-Adrenoceptor Agonist Mirabegron in Males with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Bladder Outlet Obstruction - p. 65 61. Urodynamics and Safety of the β3-Adrenoceptor Agonist Mirabegron in Males with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Bladder Outlet Obstruction - p. 66 62. Influence of Preoperative and Postoperative Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) Compared with Postoperative PFMT on Urinary Incontinence After Radical Prostatectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 67 63. Risk of Urinary Incontinence Following Post-Brachytherapy Transurethral Resection of the Prostate and Correlation with Clinical and Treatment Parameters - p. 68 64. Voiding Dysfunction/Enuresis - p. 69 65. Sacral Neuromodulation in Patients with Idiopathic Overactive Bladder after Initial Botulinum Toxin Therapy - p. 70 66. Increasing Patient Preparedness for Sacral Neuromodulation Improves Patient Reported Outcomes Despite Leaving Objective Measures of Success Unchanged - p. 71 67. OnabotulinumtoxinA 100 U Significantly Improves All Idiopathic Overactive Bladder Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Overactive Bladder and Urinary Incontinence: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial - p. 72 68. Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of non-neurogenic overactive bladder: does using onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) or abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®) make a difference? - p. 73 69. A Phase III, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled, Multicentre Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of the β3 Adrenoceptor Agonist, Mirabegron, in Patients With Symptoms of Overactive Bladder - p. 74 70. Effects of drug cessation after flexible-dose fesoterodine in patients with overactive bladder - p. 75 71. Sexual Function - p. 76 72. Pharmacology - p. 77 73. The Effect of Statins on Erectile Dysfunction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials - p. 78 74. The Effect of Statins on Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - p. 79 75. Psychosocial - p. 80 76. Sexual Dysfunction in Male Iraq and Afghanistan War Veterans: Association with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Other Combat-Related Mental Health Disorders: A Population-Based Cohort Study - p. 81 77. Assessment and Documentation of Sexual Health Issues of Recent Combat Veterans Seeking VHA Care - p. 82 78. Sexual function in Britain: findings from the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3) - p. 83 79. Sexual Desire in Trans Persons: Associations with Sex Reassignment Treatment - p. 84 80. Australian Gay and Bisexual Men's Use of Erectile Dysfunction Medications During Recent Sexual Encounters - p. 85 81. Psychological Characteristics of BDSM Practitioners - p. 86 82. Comorbidities - p. 87 83. A Systematic Review of the Association Between Erectile Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease - p. 88 84. Segmental dosimetry, toxicity and long-term outcome in patients with prostate cancer treated with permanent seed implants - p. 89 85. Increased Risk of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study - p. 90 86. Prospective, Multidimensional Evaluation of Sexual Disorders in Men after Laser Photovaporization of the Prostate - p. 91 87. Expression of a Distinct Set of Chemokine Receptors in Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells is Responsible for In Vitro Migration Toward Chemokines Appearing in the Major Pelvic Ganglion Following Cavernous Nerve Injury - p. 92 88. Effects of Nonlinear Aerobic Training on Erectile Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Function Following Radical Prostatectomy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer - p. 93 89. Measuring the health-related quality of life and sexual functioning of patients with rectal cancer: Does type of treatment matter? - p. 94 90. Two-Year Outcome of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients Younger Than 50 Years With Fracture-Unrelated Lumbar Spine Disease Requiring Surgical Decompression: A Prospective Study - p. 95 91. Ejaculation Profiles of Men Following Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer - p. 96 92. Diagnostics - p. 97 93. Lack of predictive correlation between peripheral arterial tone and colour flow Doppler parameters in men with erectile dysfunction - p. 98 94. Effect of Botulinum-A Toxin Injection into Bulbospongiosus Muscle on Ejaculation Latency in Male Rats - p. 99 95. Peyronie's - p. 100 96. Concordance Between Patient and Physician Assessment of the Magnitude of Peyronie's Disease Curvature - p. 101 97. Female - p. 102 98. Changes in Sexual Function after Medical or Surgical Termination of Pregnancy - p. 103 99. Sexuality and Psychopathological Aspects in Premenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome - p. 104 100. Clitoral Vascularization and Sexual Behavior in Young Patients Treated with Drospirenone–Ethinyl Estradiol or Contraceptive Vaginal Ring: A Prospective, Randomized, Pilot Study - p. 105 101. Female Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Treated with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) and Its Association with Serotonin 2A—1438 G/A Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms - p. 106 102. Efficacy of Vaginally Applied Estrogen, Testosterone, or Polyacrylic Acid on Sexual Function in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 107 103. Hormonal Contraception and Female Pain, Orgasm and Sexual Pleasure - p. 108 104. The Efficacy and Safety of Ospemifene in Treating Dyspareunia Associated with Postmenopausal Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - p. 109 105. A Phase 2a Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial to Investigate the Efficacy, Safety, and Toleration of CP-866,087 (a High-Affinity Mu-Opioid Receptor Antagonist) in Premenopausal Women Diagnosed with Female Sexual Arousal Disorder (FSAD) - p. 110 106. Medical Therapy/PDE5 - p. 111 107. Valproic Acid Prevents Penile Fibrosis and Erectile Dysfunction in Cavernous Nerve-Injured Rats - p. 112 108. Combination of Psychological Intervention and Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction: A Narrative Review and Meta-Analysis - p. 113 109. Nebivolol Potentiates the Efficacy of PDE5 Inhibitors to Relax Corpus Cavernosum and Penile Arteries from Diabetic Patients by Enhancing the NO/cGMP Pathway - p. 114 110. A Systematic Review Assessing the Economic Impact of Sildenafil Citrate (Viagra®) in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction - p. 115 111. Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 4 Enhances Clitoral and Vaginal Blood Flow Responses to Dorsal Clitoral Nerve Stimulation or PGE1 in Anesthetized Female Rats - p. 116 112. Synergistic Effects of BAY 60-4552 and Vardenafil on Relaxation of Corpus Cavernosum Tissue of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction and Clinical Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Failure - p. 117 113. saRNA Guided iNOS Up-Regulation Improves Erectile Function of Diabetic Rats - p. 118 114. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis - p. 119 115. Protective Effects of Hydrogen-Rich Saline Against Erectile Dysfunction in a Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rat Model - p. 120 116. A Phase 3, Placebo Controlled Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Avanafil for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction After Nerve Sparing Radical Prostatectomy - p. 121 117. Nicotine Acutely Inhibits Erectile Tumescence by Altering Heart Rate Variability - p. 122 118. Analysis of Erectile Responses to Imatinib in the Rat - p. 123 119. Premature Ejaculation - p. 124 120. Safety and Efficacy of Epelsiban in the Treatment of Men with Premature Ejaculation: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Fixed-Dose Study - p. 125 121. Efficacy and Safety of Dapoxetine in Men with Premature Ejaculation and Concomitant Erectile Dysfunction Treated with a Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor: Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Study - p. 126 122. Serum Leptin and 5-Hydroxytryptamine Measurements for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Premature Ejaculation - p. 127 123. Female Partner's Perception of Premature Ejaculation and Its Impact on Relationship Breakups, Relationship Quality, and Sexual Satisfaction - p. 128 124. Premature Ejaculation Results in Female Sexual Distress: Standardization and Validation of a New Diagnostic Tool for Sexual Distress - p. 129 125. Topical Anesthetic Agents for Premature Ejaculation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis - p. 130 126. Ejaculatory Responses are Inhibited by a New Chemical Entity, DA-8031, in Preclinical Rodent Models of Ejaculation - p. 131 127. Dapoxetine Treatment in Patients With Lifelong Premature Ejaculation: The Reasons of a “Waterloo” - p. 132 128. Results from a Prospective Observational Study of Men with Premature Ejaculation Treated with Dapoxetine or Alternative Care: The PAUSE Study - p. 133 129. Comparison of the Effect of Sertraline With Behavioral Therapy on Semen Parameters in Men With Primary Premature Ejaculation - p. 134 130. Priapism - p. 135 131. Prevention of Recurrent Ischemic Priapism with Ketoconazole: Evolution of a Treatment Protocol and Patient Outcomes - p. 136 132. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Priapism - p. 137 133. Second Pathways in the Pathophysiology of Ischemic Priapism and Treatment Alternatives - p. 138 134. The Efficacy of the T-Shunt Procedure and Intracavernous Tunneling (Snake Maneuver) for Refractory Ischemic Priapism - p. 139 135. Incidence of Priapism in Emergency Departments in the United States - p. 140 136. Venous Leak - p. 141 137. Embolization of the Periprostatic Venous Plexus for Erectile Dysfunction Resulting from Venous Leakage - p. 142 138. Prosthetics - p. 143 139. National Trends in the Treatment of Penile Prosthesis Infections by Explantation Alone vs. Immediate Salvage and Reimplantation - p. 144 140. Testosterone - p. 145 141. Testosterone Supplementation and Sexual Function: A Meta-Analysis Study - p. 146 142. Long-Term Testosterone Treatment in Elderly Men with Hypogonadism and Erectile Dysfunction Reduces Obesity Parameters and Improves Metabolic Syndrome and Health-Related Quality of Life - p. 147 143. Comparing Effects of Low- and High-Volume Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Sexual Function and Testosterone in Obese Men - p. 148 144. Hypogonadism - p. 149 145. Impact of Low Testosterone on Response to Treatment With Tadalafil 5 mg Once Daily for Erectile Dysfunction - p. 150 146. Hormone abnormalities are not related to the erectile dysfunction and decreased libido found in many men with infertility - p. 151 147. Medication Adherence and Treatment Patterns for Hypogonadal Patients Treated with Topical Testosterone Therapy: A Retrospective Medical Claims Analysis - p. 152 148. Association of Testosterone Therapy With Mortality, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke in Men With Low Testosterone Levels - p. 153 149. STD - p. 154 150. Strongly Decreased Risk of Genital Warts After Vaccination Against Human Papillomavirus: Nationwide Follow-up of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Girls in Denmark - p. 155 151. Prostate Cancer - p. 156 152. Advanced Disease - p. 157 153. Defining the impact of vascular risk factors on erectile function recovery after radical prostatectomy - p. 158 154. Differences in Time to Disease Progression Do Not Predict for Cancer-specific Survival in Patients Receiving Immediate or Deferred Androgen-deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Final Results of EORTC Randomized Trial 30891 with 12 Years of Follow-up - p. 159 155. Randomized Controlled Trial of Early Zoledronic Acid in Men With Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases: Results of CALGB 90202 (Alliance) - p. 160 156. Long-term Outcomes of Salvage Lymph Node Dissection for Clinically Recurrent Prostate Cancer: Results of a Single-institution Series with a Minimum Follow-up of 5 Years - p. 161 157. Might Men Diagnosed with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Benefit from Definitive Treatment of the Primary Tumor? A SEER-Based Study - p. 162 158. Contemporary Grading for Prostate Cancer: Implications for Patient Care - p. 163 159. Androgen Deprivation - p. 164 160. Testosterone Replacement Therapy Following the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: Outcomes and Utilization Trends - p. 165 161. Basic Science - p. 166 162. Chronic Inflammation in Benign Prostate Tissue Is Associated with High-Grade Prostate Cancer in the Placebo Arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial - p. 167 163. Chemoprevention/Neoadjuvant Therapy - p. 168 164. Use of Statins and the Risk of Death in Patients with Prostate Cancer - p. 169 165. Long-Term Survival of Participants in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial - p. 170 166. Baseline Selenium Status and Effects of Selenium and Vitamin E Supplementation on Prostate Cancer Risk - p. 171 167. Use of 5α-reductase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms and risk of prostate cancer in Swedish men: nationwide, population based case-control study - p. 172 168. 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and Risk of High-Grade or Lethal Prostate Cancer - p. 173 169. Diagnostics - p. 174 170. Elevated Risk of Prostate Cancer Among Men With Lynch Syndrome - p. 175 171. Value of Targeted Prostate Biopsy Using Magnetic Resonance–Ultrasound Fusion in Men with Prior Negative Biopsy and Elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen - p. 176 172. Systematic Review of Complications of Prostate Biopsy - p. 177 173. Diagnostics/Staging - p. 178 174. The Impact of Pathologic Staging on the Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes of Patients With Clinically High-Risk Prostate Cancer - p. 179 175. Accuracy of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Confirming Eligibility for Active Surveillance for Men With Prostate Cancer - p. 180 176. Natural History/Outcomes - p. 181 177. Contemporary Prevalence of Pretreatment Urinary, Sexual, Hormonal, and Bowel Dysfunction: Defining the Population at Risk for Harms of Prostate Cancer Treatment - p. 182 178. Modification of the Association Between Obesity and Lethal Prostate Cancer by TMPRSS2:ERG - p. 183 179. Radiation Therapy - p. 184 180. Tadalafil for Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction After Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [0831] Randomized Clinical Trial - p. 185 181. Radical Prostatectomy Outcomes - p. 186 182. Back to Baseline: Erectile Function Recovery after Radical Prostatectomy from the Patients' Perspective - p. 187 183. Nightly vs on-demand sildenafil for penile rehabilitation after minimally invasive nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy: results of a randomized double-blind trial with placebo - p. 188 184. Effects of Tadalafil Treatment on Erectile Function Recovery Following Bilateral Nerve-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Study (REACTT) - p. 189 185. Radical Prostatectomy or Watchful Waiting in Early Prostate Cancer - p. 190 186. Timing of Curative Treatment for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review - p. 191 187. Do Margins Matter? The Influence of Positive Surgical Margins on Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality - p. 192 188. Risk - p. 193 189. Dietary Lycopene, Angiogenesis, and Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Study in the Prostate-Specific Antigen Era - p. 194 190. Gonadal Steroids and Body Composition, Strength, and Sexual Function in Men - p. 195 191. Screening - p. 196 192. Variation Among Primary Care Physicians in Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening of Older Men - p. 197 193. Prostate Cancer Mortality in the Finnish Randomized Screening Trial - p. 198 194. Individualized Estimates of Overdiagnosis in Screen-Detected Prostate Cancer - p. 199 195. Empirical estimates of prostate cancer overdiagnosis by age and prostate-specific antigen - p. 200 196. Treatment Comparison - p. 201 197. African American Men With Very Low–Risk Prostate Cancer Exhibit Adverse Oncologic Outcomes After Radical Prostatectomy: Should Active Surveillance Still Be an Option for Them? - p. 202 198. Radical Prostatectomy or Watchful Waiting in Early Prostate Cancer - p. 203 199. Watchful Waiting/Outcomes - p. 204 200. Effect of Repeated Prostate Biopsies on Erectile Function in Men on Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer - p. 205 201. Prognostic value of PTEN loss in men with conservatively managed localised prostate cancer - p. 206 202. Focal Therapy in Prostate Cancer: International Multidisciplinary Consensus on Trial Design - p. 207 203. Novel Tools to Improve Patient Selection and Monitoring on Active Surveillance for Low-risk Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review - p. 208 204. Active Surveillance for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer—A Systematic Review - p. 209 205. Bladder Cancer - p. 210 206. Higher Surgeon and Hospital Volume Improves Long-Term Survival After Radical Cystectomy - p. 211 207. Urinary Reconstruction - p. 212 208. Using a serosal trough for fashioning a continent catheterizable stoma: technique and outcomes - p. 213 209. Infertility - p. 214 210. Successful testicular sperm retrieval in adolescents with Klinefelter syndrome treated with at least 1 year of topical testosterone and aromatase inhibitor - p. 215 211. Testosterone use in the male infertility population: prescribing patterns and effects on semen and hormonal parameters - p. 216 212. Out-of-Pocket Fertility Patient Expense: Data from a Multicenter Prospective Infertility Cohort - p. 217 213. Evaluation of diagnostic testis biopsy and the repetition of testicular sperm extraction surgeries in infertility patients - p. 218 214. Fertility treatment and childhood cancer risk: a systematic meta-analysis - p. 219 215. Impact of the 2012 American Urological Association Vasectomy Guidelines on Post-Vasectomy Outcomes - p. 220 216. Varicocele - p. 221 217. Active Surveillance of the Adolescent with Varicocele: Predicting Semen Outcomes from Ultrasound - p. 222 218. Comparison of Semen Analyses in Youths with a History of Cryptorchidism or Varicocele - p. 223 219. Pediatric Urology - p. 224 220. Rates of Adverse Events Associated With Male Circumcision in US Medical Settings, 2001 to 2010 - p. 225 221. Antenatal Hydronephrosis - p. 226 222. Pilot Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial to Investigate the Effect of Antibiotic Prophylaxis on the Rate of Urinary Tract Infection in Infants with Prenatal Hydronephrosis - p. 227 223. Risk Factors for Febrile Urinary Tract Infection in Infants with Prenatal Hydronephrosis: Comprehensive Single Center Analysis - p. 228 224. Unilateral renal agenesis: a systematic review on associated anomalies and renal injury - p. 229 225. Posterior Urethral Valves - p. 230 226. VURD Syndromed—Does it Really Preserve Long-Term Renal Function? - p. 231 227. Urinary Tract Infection - p. 232 228. Cranberry Products and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections - p. 233 229. Association Between Oral Fluoroquinolone Use and Retinal Detachment - p. 234 230. Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection - p. 235 231. Imaging - p. 236 232. Ultrasound as a Screening Test for Genitourinary Anomalies in Children With UTI - p. 237 233. Rapid Implementation of Evidence-Based Guidelines for Imaging After First Urinary Tract Infection - p. 238 234. Diagnosis - p. 239 235. Dipstick Screening for Urinary Tract Infection in Febrile Infants - p. 240 236. Urinary Tract Infection in Outpatient Febrile Infants Younger than 30 Days of Age: A 10-Year Evaluation - p. 241 237. Vesicoureteral Reflux - p. 242 238. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux - p. 243 239. New Contralateral Vesicoureteral Reflux after Unilateral Ureteral Reimplantation: Predictive Factors and Clinical Outcomes - p. 244 240. Testicular Torsion - p. 245 241. The Prevalence of Bell Clapper Anomaly in the Solitary Testis in Cases of Prior Perinatal Torsion - p. 246 242. Hypospadias - p. 247 243. Urinary tract abnormalities in boys with recurrent urinary tract infections after hypospadias repair - p. 248 244. Urethral Mobilization for Distal and Mid Shaft Hypospadias with Chordee - p. 249 245. New surgical technique for ventral penile curvature without circumcision - p. 250 246. Decisional Regret after Distal Hypospadias Repair: Single Institution Prospective Analysis of Factors Associated with Subsequent Parental Remorse or Distress - p. 251 247. The Need for Additional Procedures in Patients Undergoing Proximal Hypospadias Repairs as Reported in the Pediatric Health Information System Database - p. 252 248. Hypospadias and Maternal Intake of Phytoestrogens - p. 253 249. Urethral Reconstruction - p. 254 250. Prediction of Early and Late Complications after Oral Mucosal Graft Harvesting: Multivariable Analysis from a Cohort of 553 Consecutive Patients - p. 255 251. Urethral Strictures - p. 256 252. De novo erectile dysfunction after anterior urethroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis - p. 257 253. A Prospective Patient-centred Evaluation of Urethroplasty for Anterior Urethral Stricture Using a Validated Patient-reported Outcome Measure - p. 258 254. Outcomes after Urethroplasty for Radiotherapy Induced Bulbomembranous Urethral Stricture Disease - p. 259 255. Urinary Reconstruction - p. 260 256. Ureteral Replacement and Onlay Repair with Reconfigured Intestinal Segments - p. 261 257. The management of secondary pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction - a comparison of pyeloplasty and endopyelotomy - p. 262 258. Bladder Exstrophy - p. 263 259. Complete Primary Repair of Bladder Exstrophy Is Associated With Detrusor Underactivity Type of Neurogenic Bladder - p. 264 260. Combined Cystometrography and Electromyography of the External Urethral Sphincter Following Complete Primary Repair of Bladder Exstrophy - p. 265 261. Neurogenic Reconstruction - p. 266 262. Autologous Cell Seeded Biodegradable Scaffold for Augmentation Cystoplasty: Phase II Study in Children and Adolescents with Spina Bifida - p. 267 263. Cutting for Stone in Augmented Bladders—What is the Risk of Recurrence and is it Impacted by Treatment Modality? - p. 268 264. Simultaneous Augmentation Cystoplasty and Cuff Only Artificial Urinary Sphincter in Children and Young Adults with Neurogenic Urinary Incontinence - p. 269 265. Promising Long-Term Outcome of Bladder Autoaugmentation in Children with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction - p. 270 266. Neurogenic Bladder/Urinary Diversion - p. 271 267. Outcomes of Incontinent Ileovesicostomy in the Pediatric Patient - p. 272 268. Pediatric Oncology - p. 273 269. Risk Stratification of Pubertal Children and Postpubertal Adolescents with Clinical Stage I Testicular Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors - p. 274 270. Pediatric Laparoscopy/Reconstruction - p. 275 271. National Trends of Perioperative Outcomes and Costs for Open, Laparoscopic and Robotic Pediatric Pyeloplasty - p. 276 272. Enuresis - p. 277 273. Childhood Enuresis is Associated with Shorter Intravaginal Ejaculatory Latency Time in Healthy Men - p. 278 274. Psychosocial Comorbidities and Obesity are Associated with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Children with Voiding Dysfunction - p. 279 275. Pediatric Vaginal Reconstruction - p. 280 276. Sigmoid Vaginoplasty with a Modified Single Monti Tube: A Pediatric Case Series - p. 281