Braunwald's Heart Disease
1. Braunwald’s Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine - p. i 2. Cover image - p. i 3. Title page - p. ii 4. Table of Contents - p. iii 5. Copyright - p. iv 6. Dedication - p. v 7. Contributors - p. vi 8. Contributors: Guideline summaries - p. xix 9. Preface to the thirteenth edition - p. xxiii 10. Preface to the first edition - p. xxiv 11. Braunwald’s heart disease family of books - p. xxxiv 12. List of Illustrations - p. xxxvii 13. List of Tables - p. xxxviii 14. Updates to the Book - p. xxxviii 15. Videos - p. xxx 16. PART I. Foundations of Cardiovascular Medicine - p. xxxiii 17. 1. Cardiovascular disease: Past, present, and future - p. 1 18. 2. Global burden of cardiovascular disease - p. 14 19. 3. Impact of climate change and the environment on cardiovascular health - p. 31 20. 4. Clinical trials in cardiovascular medicine - p. 43 21. 5. Clinical decision-making in cardiology - p. 56 22. 6. Impact of health care policy on quality, outcomes, and equity in cardiovascular disease - p. 66 23. PART II. Personalized Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease - p. 74 24. 7. Applications of genetics to cardiovascular medicine - p. 75 25. 8. Principles of drug therapeutics, pharmacogenomics, and biologics - p. 90 26. 9. Biomarkers and use in precision m edicine - p. 99 27. 10. Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular medicine - p. 106 28. PART III. Evaluation of the Patient - p. 118 29. 11. History, physical examination, and the virtual visit - p. 119 30. 12. Electrocardiography - p. 138 31. 13. Exercise physiology and exercise testing - p. 171 32. 14. Echocardiography - p. 189 33. Principles of ultrasound and instrumentation - p. 190 34. Standard adult transthoracic echocardiographic examination - p. 194 35. Transesophageal echocardiography - p. 203 36. Three-dimensional echocardiography - p. 204 37. Ultrasound-enhancing agents - p. 205 38. Echocardiography and multimodality cardiac imaging - p. 206 39. Assessment of cardiac conditions: Myocardial infarction - p. 209 40. Cardiomyopathies and heart failure - p. 214 41. Stress echocardiography - p. 218 42. Valvular heart disease (see Part VIII) - p. 220 43. Pericardial disease (see Chapter 86) - p. 233 44. Diseases of the aorta (see Chapter 39) - p. 237 45. Pulmonary embolism (see Chapter 79) - p. 241 46. Pulmonary hypertension (see Chapter 80) - p. 243 47. Infective endocarditis (see Chapter 76) - p. 244 48. Systemic diseases and echocardiography - p. 246 49. Cardiac masses (see Chapter 94) - p. 247 50. Adult congenital heart disease (see Chapter 87) - p. 250 51. Transcatheter interventions (see Chapters 70 and 74) - p. 255 52. Future directions - p. 257 53. References - p. 260 54. 15. Chest radiography in cardiovascular disease - p. 262 55. 16. Nuclear cardiology - p. 271 56. 17. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging - p. 307 57. 18. Cardiac computed tomography - p. 329 58. 19. Coronary angiography and intravascular imaging - p. 361 59. 20. Invasive hemodynamic diagnosis of cardiac disease - p. 384 60. 21. Anesthesia and noncardiac surgery in patients with heart disease - p. 409 61. PART IV. Preventive Cardiology - p. 424 62. 22. The vascular biology of atherosclerosis - p. 425 63. 23. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease - p. 442 64. 24. Systemic hypertension: Mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment - p. 471 65. 25. Lipoprotein disorders and cardiovascular disease - p. 502 66. 26. Cardiovascular effects of tobacco and nicotine products - p. 517 67. 27. Nutrition and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases - p. 524 68. 28. Obesity and cardiovascular health - p. 539 69. 29. Diabetes and the cardiovascular system - p. 551 70. 30. Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation - p. 578 71. 31. Integrative approaches to the management of patients with heart disease - p. 583 72. PART V. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease - p. 588 73. 32. Approach to the patient with chest pain - p. 589 74. 33. Coronary blood flow and myocardial ischemia - p. 600 75. 34. ST-elevation myocardial infarction pathophysiology and clinical evolution - p. 627 76. 35. ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Management - p. 650 77. Limitation of infarct size - p. 651 78. Prehospital management - p. 652 79. Management in the emergency department - p. 653 80. Reperfusion therapy - p. 656 81. Anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy - p. 661 82. Hospital management - p. 666 83. Hemodynamic disturbances - p. 671 84. Arrhythmias - p. 686 85. Other complications - p. 691 86. Convalescence, discharge, and postmyocardial infarction care - p. 693 87. Timing of hospital discharge after myocardial infarction - p. 693 88. Counseling - p. 693 89. Risk stratification after st-elevation myocardial infarction - p. 693 90. Assessment at hospital discharge - p. 693 91. Prophylactic antiarrhythmic therapy - p. 694 92. Secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction - p. 694 93. Future perspectives and emerging therapies - p. 699 94. Guideline Highlights: STEMI Management - p. 699 95. References - p. 699.e6 96. References - p. 699.e6 97. 36. Non–ST elevation acute coronary syndromes - p. 700 98. 37. Stable ischemic heart disease - p. 725 99. Magnitude of the problem - p. 725 100. Stable angina pectoris - p. 726 101. Evaluation - p. 728 102. Medical management - p. 736.e2 103. Revascularization approaches in stable ischemic heart disease - p. 751 104. Other manifestations of coronary artery disease - p. 760 105. Future perspectives - p. 763 106. References - p. 764 107. 38. Percutaneous coronary intervention - p. 768 108. 39. Diseases of the aorta - p. 789 109. Normal aorta - p. 789 110. Aortic aneurysms - p. 791 111. Aortic dissection - p. 802 112. Classification - p. 802 113. Cause and pathogenesis - p. 802 114. Clinical manifestations - p. 804 115. Diagnostic techniques - p. 806 116. Selecting an imaging modality - p. 807 117. Integrated diagnostic evaluation and management algorithms - p. 808 118. Long-term management and follow-up - p. 812 119. Aortic dissection variants - p. 813 120. Aortoarteritis syndromes - p. 815 121. Primary tumors of the aorta - p. 815 122. Key messages and future perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases - p. 817.e1 123. Aortic Disease* - p. 817.e1 124. Pregnancy in patients with aortopathy - p. 817.e13 125. Physical activity and quality of life - p. 817.e16 126. References - p. 817.e16 127. References - p. 817.e16 128. References - p. 817.e16 129. 40. Peripheral artery diseases - p. 818 130. 41. Treatment of noncoronary obstructive vascular disease - p. 840 131. 42. Prevention and management of ischemic stroke - p. 851 132. PART VI. Arrhythmias, Sudden Death, and Syncope - p. 868 133. 43. Approach to the patient with cardiac arrhythmias - p. 869 134. 44. Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias - p. 886 135. 45. Genetics of cardiac arrhythmias - p. 912 136. 46. Therapy for cardiac arrhythmias - p. 931 137. 47. Supraventricular tachycardias - p. 969 138. 48. Atrial fibrillation - p. 996 139. 49. Ventricular arrhythmias - p. 1012 140. 50. Bradyarrhythmias and atrioventricular block - p. 1036 141. 51. Pacemakers, conduction system pacing, cardiac resynchronization therapy, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators - p. 1046 142. 52. Cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death - p. 1076 143. 53. Hypotension and syncope - p. 1111 144. PART VII. Heart Failure - p. 1122 145. 54. Mechanisms of cardiac contraction and relaxation - p. 1123 146. 55. Pathophysiology of heart failure - p. 1147 147. 56. Clinical assessment of heart failure - p. 1167 148. 57. Diagnosis and management of decompensated heart failure - p. 1180 149. 58. Management of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction - p. 1208 150. 59. Heart failure with preserved or mildly reduced ejection fraction - p. 1239 151. 60. The dilated, restrictive, and infiltrative cardiomyopathies - p. 1266 152. 61. Cardiac amyloidosis - p. 1287 153. 62. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - p. 1298 154. 63. Myocarditis - p. 1313 155. 64. Cardio-oncology - p. 1328 156. 65. Devices for monitoring and managing heart failure - p. 1343 157. 66. Mechanical circulatory support - p. 1358 158. 67. Cardiac transplantation - p. 1370 159. PART VIII. Diseases of the Heart Valves - p. 1382 160. 68. Aortic valve stenosis - p. 1383 161. 69. Aortic regurgitation - p. 1404 162. 70. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement - p. 1415 163. 71. Mitral stenosis - p. 1428 164. 72. Mitral regurgitation - p. 1439 165. 73. Tricuspid, pulmonic, and multivalvular disease - p. 1457 166. 74. Transcatheter therapies for mitral and tricuspid valvular heart disease - p. 1468 167. 75. Prosthetic heart valves - p. 1479 168. 76. Infective endocarditis - p. 1490 169. 77. Rheumatic fever - p. 1503 170. PART IX. Diseases of the Pericardium and Pulmonary Vascular Bed - p. 1512 171. 78. Pericardial diseases - p. 1513 172. 79. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis - p. 1533 173. 80. Pulmonary hypertension - p. 1557 174. 81. Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiac disease - p. 1580 175. PART X. Cardiovascular Disease in Select Populations - p. 1588 176. 82. Endemic and pandemic viral illnesses and cardiovascular disease: Influenza and COVID-19 - p. 1589 177. 83. Cardiovascular abnormalities in HIV-infected individuals - p. 1607 178. 84. Exercise and sports cardiology - p. 1620 179. 85. Cardiovascular disease in women - p. 1629 180. 86. Pregnancy and heart disease - p. 1643 181. 87. Congenital heart disease in the adolescent and adult - p. 1667 182. 88. Heart disease in various populations - p. 1710 183. 89. Cardiovascular disease in older adults - p. 1717 184. 90. Cardiovascular effects of drugs and toxins - p. 1739 185. PART XI. Cardiovascular Disease and Disorders of Other Systems - p. 1748 186. 91. Hemostasis, thrombosis, fibrinolysis, and cardiovascular disease - p. 1749 187. 92. Endocrine disorders and cardiovascular disease - p. 1774 188. 93. Rheumatic diseases and the cardiovascular system - p. 1794 189. 94. Tumors affecting the cardiovascular system - p. 1815 190. 95. Psychiatric and psychosocial aspects of cardiovascular disease - p. 1827 191. 96. Neuromuscular disorders and cardiovascular disease - p. 1839 192. 97. Interface between kidney, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases - p. 1858 193. 98. Cardiovascular manifestations of autonomic disorders - p. 1879 194. Disclosure index - p. DI-1 195. Index - p. I-1
Braunwald's Heart Disease
1. Braunwald’s Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine - p. i 2. Cover image - p. i 3. Title page - p. ii 4. Table of Contents - p. iii 5. Copyright - p. iv 6. Dedication - p. v 7. Contributors - p. vi 8. Contributors: Guideline summaries - p. xix 9. Preface to the thirteenth edition - p. xxiii 10. Preface to the first edition - p. xxiv 11. Braunwald’s heart disease family of books - p. xxxiv 12. List of Illustrations - p. xxxvii 13. List of Tables - p. xxxviii 14. Updates to the Book - p. xxxviii 15. Videos - p. xxx 16. PART I. Foundations of Cardiovascular Medicine - p. xxxiii 17. 1. Cardiovascular disease: Past, present, and future - p. 1 18. 2. Global burden of cardiovascular disease - p. 14 19. 3. Impact of climate change and the environment on cardiovascular health - p. 31 20. 4. Clinical trials in cardiovascular medicine - p. 43 21. 5. Clinical decision-making in cardiology - p. 56 22. 6. Impact of health care policy on quality, outcomes, and equity in cardiovascular disease - p. 66 23. PART II. Personalized Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease - p. 74 24. 7. Applications of genetics to cardiovascular medicine - p. 75 25. 8. Principles of drug therapeutics, pharmacogenomics, and biologics - p. 90 26. 9. Biomarkers and use in precision m edicine - p. 99 27. 10. Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular medicine - p. 106 28. PART III. Evaluation of the Patient - p. 118 29. 11. History, physical examination, and the virtual visit - p. 119 30. 12. Electrocardiography - p. 138 31. 13. Exercise physiology and exercise testing - p. 171 32. 14. Echocardiography - p. 189 33. Principles of ultrasound and instrumentation - p. 190 34. Standard adult transthoracic echocardiographic examination - p. 194 35. Transesophageal echocardiography - p. 203 36. Three-dimensional echocardiography - p. 204 37. Ultrasound-enhancing agents - p. 205 38. Echocardiography and multimodality cardiac imaging - p. 206 39. Assessment of cardiac conditions: Myocardial infarction - p. 209 40. Cardiomyopathies and heart failure - p. 214 41. Stress echocardiography - p. 218 42. Valvular heart disease (see Part VIII) - p. 220 43. Pericardial disease (see Chapter 86) - p. 233 44. Diseases of the aorta (see Chapter 39) - p. 237 45. Pulmonary embolism (see Chapter 79) - p. 241 46. Pulmonary hypertension (see Chapter 80) - p. 243 47. Infective endocarditis (see Chapter 76) - p. 244 48. Systemic diseases and echocardiography - p. 246 49. Cardiac masses (see Chapter 94) - p. 247 50. Adult congenital heart disease (see Chapter 87) - p. 250 51. Transcatheter interventions (see Chapters 70 and 74) - p. 255 52. Future directions - p. 257 53. References - p. 260 54. 15. Chest radiography in cardiovascular disease - p. 262 55. 16. Nuclear cardiology - p. 271 56. 17. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging - p. 307 57. 18. Cardiac computed tomography - p. 329 58. 19. Coronary angiography and intravascular imaging - p. 361 59. 20. Invasive hemodynamic diagnosis of cardiac disease - p. 384 60. 21. Anesthesia and noncardiac surgery in patients with heart disease - p. 409 61. PART IV. Preventive Cardiology - p. 424 62. 22. The vascular biology of atherosclerosis - p. 425 63. 23. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease - p. 442 64. 24. Systemic hypertension: Mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment - p. 471 65. 25. Lipoprotein disorders and cardiovascular disease - p. 502 66. 26. Cardiovascular effects of tobacco and nicotine products - p. 517 67. 27. Nutrition and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases - p. 524 68. 28. Obesity and cardiovascular health - p. 539 69. 29. Diabetes and the cardiovascular system - p. 551 70. 30. Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation - p. 578 71. 31. Integrative approaches to the management of patients with heart disease - p. 583 72. PART V. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease - p. 588 73. 32. Approach to the patient with chest pain - p. 589 74. 33. Coronary blood flow and myocardial ischemia - p. 600 75. 34. ST-elevation myocardial infarction pathophysiology and clinical evolution - p. 627 76. 35. ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Management - p. 650 77. Limitation of infarct size - p. 651 78. Prehospital management - p. 652 79. Management in the emergency department - p. 653 80. Reperfusion therapy - p. 656 81. Anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy - p. 661 82. Hospital management - p. 666 83. Hemodynamic disturbances - p. 671 84. Arrhythmias - p. 686 85. Other complications - p. 691 86. Convalescence, discharge, and postmyocardial infarction care - p. 693 87. Timing of hospital discharge after myocardial infarction - p. 693 88. Counseling - p. 693 89. Risk stratification after st-elevation myocardial infarction - p. 693 90. Assessment at hospital discharge - p. 693 91. Prophylactic antiarrhythmic therapy - p. 694 92. Secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction - p. 694 93. Future perspectives and emerging therapies - p. 699 94. Guideline Highlights: STEMI Management - p. 699 95. References - p. 699.e6 96. References - p. 699.e6 97. 36. Non–ST elevation acute coronary syndromes - p. 700 98. 37. Stable ischemic heart disease - p. 725 99. Magnitude of the problem - p. 725 100. Stable angina pectoris - p. 726 101. Evaluation - p. 728 102. Medical management - p. 736.e2 103. Revascularization approaches in stable ischemic heart disease - p. 751 104. Other manifestations of coronary artery disease - p. 760 105. Future perspectives - p. 763 106. References - p. 764 107. 38. Percutaneous coronary intervention - p. 768 108. 39. Diseases of the aorta - p. 789 109. Normal aorta - p. 789 110. Aortic aneurysms - p. 791 111. Aortic dissection - p. 802 112. Classification - p. 802 113. Cause and pathogenesis - p. 802 114. Clinical manifestations - p. 804 115. Diagnostic techniques - p. 806 116. Selecting an imaging modality - p. 807 117. Integrated diagnostic evaluation and management algorithms - p. 808 118. Long-term management and follow-up - p. 812 119. Aortic dissection variants - p. 813 120. Aortoarteritis syndromes - p. 815 121. Primary tumors of the aorta - p. 815 122. Key messages and future perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases - p. 817.e1 123. Aortic Disease* - p. 817.e1 124. Pregnancy in patients with aortopathy - p. 817.e13 125. Physical activity and quality of life - p. 817.e16 126. References - p. 817.e16 127. References - p. 817.e16 128. References - p. 817.e16 129. 40. Peripheral artery diseases - p. 818 130. 41. Treatment of noncoronary obstructive vascular disease - p. 840 131. 42. Prevention and management of ischemic stroke - p. 851 132. PART VI. Arrhythmias, Sudden Death, and Syncope - p. 868 133. 43. Approach to the patient with cardiac arrhythmias - p. 869 134. 44. Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias - p. 886 135. 45. Genetics of cardiac arrhythmias - p. 912 136. 46. Therapy for cardiac arrhythmias - p. 931 137. 47. Supraventricular tachycardias - p. 969 138. 48. Atrial fibrillation - p. 996 139. 49. Ventricular arrhythmias - p. 1012 140. 50. Bradyarrhythmias and atrioventricular block - p. 1036 141. 51. Pacemakers, conduction system pacing, cardiac resynchronization therapy, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators - p. 1046 142. 52. Cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death - p. 1076 143. 53. Hypotension and syncope - p. 1111 144. PART VII. Heart Failure - p. 1122 145. 54. Mechanisms of cardiac contraction and relaxation - p. 1123 146. 55. Pathophysiology of heart failure - p. 1147 147. 56. Clinical assessment of heart failure - p. 1167 148. 57. Diagnosis and management of decompensated heart failure - p. 1180 149. 58. Management of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction - p. 1208 150. 59. Heart failure with preserved or mildly reduced ejection fraction - p. 1239 151. 60. The dilated, restrictive, and infiltrative cardiomyopathies - p. 1266 152. 61. Cardiac amyloidosis - p. 1287 153. 62. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - p. 1298 154. 63. Myocarditis - p. 1313 155. 64. Cardio-oncology - p. 1328 156. 65. Devices for monitoring and managing heart failure - p. 1343 157. 66. Mechanical circulatory support - p. 1358 158. 67. Cardiac transplantation - p. 1370 159. PART VIII. Diseases of the Heart Valves - p. 1382 160. 68. Aortic valve stenosis - p. 1383 161. 69. Aortic regurgitation - p. 1404 162. 70. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement - p. 1415 163. 71. Mitral stenosis - p. 1428 164. 72. Mitral regurgitation - p. 1439 165. 73. Tricuspid, pulmonic, and multivalvular disease - p. 1457 166. 74. Transcatheter therapies for mitral and tricuspid valvular heart disease - p. 1468 167. 75. Prosthetic heart valves - p. 1479 168. 76. Infective endocarditis - p. 1490 169. 77. Rheumatic fever - p. 1503 170. PART IX. Diseases of the Pericardium and Pulmonary Vascular Bed - p. 1512 171. 78. Pericardial diseases - p. 1513 172. 79. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis - p. 1533 173. 80. Pulmonary hypertension - p. 1557 174. 81. Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiac disease - p. 1580 175. PART X. Cardiovascular Disease in Select Populations - p. 1588 176. 82. Endemic and pandemic viral illnesses and cardiovascular disease: Influenza and COVID-19 - p. 1589 177. 83. Cardiovascular abnormalities in HIV-infected individuals - p. 1607 178. 84. Exercise and sports cardiology - p. 1620 179. 85. Cardiovascular disease in women - p. 1629 180. 86. Pregnancy and heart disease - p. 1643 181. 87. Congenital heart disease in the adolescent and adult - p. 1667 182. 88. Heart disease in various populations - p. 1710 183. 89. Cardiovascular disease in older adults - p. 1717 184. 90. Cardiovascular effects of drugs and toxins - p. 1739 185. PART XI. Cardiovascular Disease and Disorders of Other Systems - p. 1748 186. 91. Hemostasis, thrombosis, fibrinolysis, and cardiovascular disease - p. 1749 187. 92. Endocrine disorders and cardiovascular disease - p. 1774 188. 93. Rheumatic diseases and the cardiovascular system - p. 1794 189. 94. Tumors affecting the cardiovascular system - p. 1815 190. 95. Psychiatric and psychosocial aspects of cardiovascular disease - p. 1827 191. 96. Neuromuscular disorders and cardiovascular disease - p. 1839 192. 97. Interface between kidney, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases - p. 1858 193. 98. Cardiovascular manifestations of autonomic disorders - p. 1879 194. Disclosure index - p. DI-1 195. Index - p. I-1
