The 10th edition of Coughlin and Mann’s Surgery of the Foot and Ankle delivers state-of-the-art, comprehensive coverage of the full range of foot and ankle disorders in an easy-to-manage, two-volume format. Authoritative guidance on every major aspect of the treatment and management of foot and ankle disorders and diseases helps you achieve consistent, optimal outcomes for your patients. With content covering biomechanics, examination, diagnosis, non-operative and operative treatment, and post-operative management, you have all the guidance you need to take your knowledge and skills to the next level.
Covers all key topics in foot and ankle surgery, including ankle reconstruction and total ankle arthroplasty, external/internal fixation, management of complex foot deformities, nerve disorders, arthroscopic techniques, postoperative protocols for all surgical techniques, and more.
Provides expanded coverage of minimally invasive surgery, ankle arthroscopy, and biologics.
Features a consistent, structured chapter layout across the two volumes for quick and easy reference.
Offers access to revised online features, including streamlined, refreshed, and all-new video content—more than 120 videos in all.
Contains updated images and design as well as revised pearls and key points boxes throughout.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Dedication - p. v 6. Contributors - p. vii 7. Preface - p. xi 8. Acknowledgments - p. xiii 9. Acknowledgment of Previous Editions - p. xv 10. In Appreciation - p. xvii 11. Videos - p. xxi 12. Part I: General Considerations - p. xxiv 13. 1. Biomechanics of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1 14. 2. Principles of the Physical Examination of the Foot and Ankle - p. 28 15. 3. Imaging of the Foot and Ankle - p. 50 16. 4. Scientific Evidence-Based Foot and Ankle Care - p. 109 17. 5. Nonsurgical Treatment of Foot and Ankle Conditions - p. 113 18. 6. Regional Anesthesia for the Foot and Ankle - p. 127 19. Part II: Forefoot and Heel - p. 147 20. 7. Hallux Valgus - p. 151 21. Abstract - p. 151 22. Chapter Outline - p. 151 23. Anatomy - p. 152 24. Blood Supply to the First Metatarsal Head - p. 154 25. Pathoanatomy - p. 154 26. Pathophysiology - p. 156 27. Demographics - p. 160 28. Age of Onset - p. 161 29. Gender - p. 161 30. Bilaterality - p. 161 31. Etiology - p. 162 32. Intrinsic Causes - p. 163 33. Radiographic Measures - p. 171 34. Metatarsus Primus Varus - p. 175 35. Hallux Valgus Interphalangeus - p. 175 36. First Metatarsal Length - p. 176 37. Metatarsophalangeal Joint Shape - p. 177 38. Joint Congruity - p. 177 39. Distal Metatarsal Articular Angle - p. 178 40. First Metatarsocuneiform Joint - p. 180 41. Intermetatarsal Facet/Os Intermetatarseum - p. 182 42. Metatarsus Adductus - p. 183 43. Role of Weight-Bearing CT Scan - p. 184 44. Juvenile Bunions - p. 184 45. Juvenile Hallux Valgus - p. 186 46. Classification of Hallux Valgus Deformities - p. 186 47. Patient Evaluation - p. 187 48. Conservative Treatment - p. 188 49. Perioperative Considerations - p. 190 50. Factors Impacting Outcomes - p. 190 51. Surgical Decision Making - p. 190 52. Surgical Treatment Algorithm - p. 191 53. Surgical Procedures - p. 194 54. Distal Procedures - p. 194 55. Midshaft Osteotomies - p. 224 56. Proximal Osteotomies - p. 228 57. Multiple Osteotomies (Video 7-8) - p. 242 58. Arthrodesis Procedures - p. 247 59. Keller Procedure (Video 7-10) - p. 258 60. Complications of Hallux Valgus Surgery - p. 262 61. Conclusions - p. 262 62. References - p. 263 63. 8. Hallux Varus and Complications of Bunion Repair - p. 275 64. 9. Lesser Toe Deformities - p. 303 65. Abstract - p. 303 66. Chapter Outline - p. 303 67. Lesser Toe Deformities Overview - p. 303 68. Anatomy and Pathophysiology - p. 306 69. Etiology and Presenting Symptoms - p. 309 70. Preoperative Evaluation - p. 311 71. Fixed Hammer Toe Deformity - p. 314 72. Surgical Considerations - p. 319 73. Results of Hammer Toe Repair - p. 320 74. Flexible Hammer Toe Deformity - p. 329 75. Preoperative Planning - p. 330 76. Surgical Considerations - p. 330 77. Results and Complications - p. 334 78. Curly Toe Deformity - p. 336 79. Mallet Toe Deformity, - p. 336 80. Preoperative Planning - p. 336 81. Surgical Considerations - p. 337 82. Results and Complications - p. 339 83. Claw Toe Deformities - p. 339 84. Preoperative Planning - p. 340 85. Surgical Considerations - p. 341 86. Results and Complications - p. 343 87. Subluxation And Dislocation Of The Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joint - p. 344 88. Anatomy of Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joint Subluxation - p. 344 89. Etiology - p. 345 90. History and Demographics - p. 347 91. Preoperative Evaluation - p. 347 92. Treatment - p. 354 93. Results - p. 367 94. Complications - p. 374 95. Ischemic Toe - p. 375 96. Salvage Procedures - p. 376 97. Results and Complications - p. 377 98. Fifth Toe Deformities - p. 379 99. Anatomy - p. 379 100. Physical Examination - p. 382 101. Conservative Treatment - p. 382 102. Mild Overlapping Fifth Toe Deformities - p. 382 103. Severe Overlapping Fifth Toe Deformities - p. 383 104. Results of Overlapping Fifth Toe Procedures - p. 384 105. Underlapping Fifth Toe - p. 385 106. Cock-Up Fifth Toe Deformity - p. 385 107. Keratotic Deformities Of Lesser Toes - p. 388 108. Preoperative Evaluation - p. 390 109. Treatment - p. 390 110. Results and Complications - p. 392 111. References - p. 394 112. 10. Bunionettes - p. 400 113. 11. Sesamoids and Accessory Bones of the Foot - p. 434 114. Abstract - p. 434 115. Chapter outline - p. 434 116. Sesamoids of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint - p. 435 117. Interphalangeal Sesamoid of the Hallux - p. 462 118. Accessory Bones of the Foot - p. 463 119. References - p. 497 120. 12. Plantar Heel Pain - p. 505 121. Part III: Integument - p. 516 122. 13. Keratotic Disorders of the Plantar Skin - p. 519 123. 14. Toenail Abnormalities - p. 550 124. Abstract - p. 550 125. Chapter Outline - p. 550 126. Anatomy and Classification - p. 551 127. Dermatologic and Systemic Nail Disorders - p. 553 128. Genetic Disorders With Nail Changes - p. 556 129. Trauma - p. 558 130. Transverse Figure-of-Eight Suture for Securing the Toenail - p. 560 131. Tumors - p. 561 132. Onychopathies and Other Common Nail Abnormalities - p. 566 133. Nail Fold Disorders - p. 579 134. References - p. 590 135. 15. Soft Tissue Disorders of the Foot - p. 596 136. 16. Dermatology of the Foot and the Lower Extremity - p. 627 137. Part IV: Tumors - p. 637 138. 17. Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors - p. 639 139. Part V: Nerve Disorders - p. 669 140. 18. Disorders of the Nerves - p. 675 141. Abstract - p. 675 142. Chapter Outline - p. 675 143. Anatomy and Definition of Injury - p. 675 144. Electrodiagnostic Study - p. 676 145. Interdigital Neuroma/Neuralgia - p. 676 146. Recurrent Interdigital Neuromas - p. 689 147. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome - p. 693 148. Failed Tarsal Tunnel Release - p. 703 149. Traumatic Nerve Injuries - p. 711 150. First Branch of the Lateral Plantar Nerve Entrapment - p. 715 151. Calcaneal Branches - p. 717 152. Medial Plantar Nerve Entrapment - p. 718 153. Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment - p. 719 154. Deep Peroneal Nerve Entrapment - p. 721 155. Sural Nerve Entrapment - p. 726 156. Saphenous Nerve Entrapment - p. 728 157. Summary - p. 728 158. References - p. 728 159. 19. Congenital and Acquired Neurologic Disorders - p. 734 160. 20. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome - p. 771 161. Part VI: Arthritis - p. 785 162. 21. Arthritis of the Foot - p. 789 163. Non-Print Itemabstract - p. 789 164. Chapter outline - p. 789 165. Arthritic Conditions of The Foot - p. 790 166. Degenerative Arthritis of the Hindfoot - p. 793 167. Degenerative Arthritis of the Midfoot - p. 795 168. Inflammatory Arthropathies - p. 800 169. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - p. 838 170. Crystal-Induced Arthropathies - p. 838 171. Seronegative Arthropathies - p. 843 172. Miscellaneous Arthropathies of the Foot and Ankle - p. 851 173. References - p. 854 174. 22. Ankle Arthritis and Arthrodesis - p. 863 175. Non-Print Itemabstract - p. 863 176. Chapter Outline - p. 863 177. Prevalence of Ankle Osteoarthritis - p. 863 178. Pathogenesis of Ankle Arthritis - p. 865 179. Clinical Impact of Ankle Arthritis - p. 868 180. Approach to the Patient with Ankle Arthritis - p. 868 181. Nonoperative Treatment of Ankle Arthritis - p. 871 182. Operative Treatment of Global Ankle Arthritis - p. 873 183. Operative Treatment of Asymmetric, Localized Ankle Arthritis (See Video 22-5) - p. 894 184. Surgery for Failed Previous Fusion Surgery - p. 906 185. Acknowledgments - p. 912 186. References - p. 912 187. 23. Ankle Replacement - p. 920 188. Abstract - p. 920 189. Chapter Outline - p. 920 190. A Short History of Total Ankle Replacement - p. 923 191. Preparing for a Successful Total Ankle Replacement - p. 926 192. Operative Treatment of Ankle Arthritis with Total Ankle Replacement - p. 935 193. Results of Total Ankle Replacements - p. 948 194. Managing Complications of Total Ankle Replacement - p. 964 195. Acknowledgments - p. 989 196. References - p. 993 197. 24. Avascular Necrosis and Total Talus Replacement - p. 1006 198. 25. Hindfoot and Pantalar Arthritis - p. 1020 199. Abstract - p. 1020 200. Chapter Outline - p. 1020 201. Prevalence and Pathogenesis - p. 1021 202. Clinical Approach - p. 1021 203. Surgical Considerations - p. 1021 204. Specific Arthrodeses - p. 1026 205. Acknowledgments - p. 1064 206. References - p. 1064 207. 26. Midfoot Arthritis - p. 1070 208. 27. Hallux Rigidus and Other Forefoot Arthritis - p. 1077 209. Part VII: Tendon Disorders and Postural Malalignment - p. 1129 210. 28. Disorders of Tendons - p. 1135 211. Abstract - p. 1135 212. Chapter Outline - p. 1135 213. Extensor Tendons - p. 1135 214. Flexor Tendons - p. 1157 215. Peroneal Tendons - p. 1174 216. Posterior Tibial Tendon Subluxation–Dislocation - p. 1213 217. Tendon Transfers - p. 1214 218. References - p. 1221 219. 29. Pes Planus - p. 1230 220. Abstract - p. 1230 221. Chapter Outline - p. 1230 222. Pes Planus - p. 1230 223. Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity - p. 1230 224. Acknowledgment - p. 1282 225. References - p. 1282 226. 30. Pes Cavus - p. 1288 227. 31. Ring External Fixation in the Foot and Ankle - p. 1309 228. Part VIII: Diabetes and Infection - p. 1328 229. 32. The Diabetic Foot and Neuroarthropathy - p. 1330 230. 33. Infections of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1373 231. 34. Amputations of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1397 232. 35. Lower Limb Prosthetics - p. 1421 233. Part IX: Sports Medicine - p. 1438 234. 36. Athletic Soft Tissue Injuries of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1440 235. Abstract - p. 1440 236. Chapter Outline - p. 1440 237. ETIOLOGY OF INJURY IN SPORTS - p. 1442 238. CHRONIC LEG PAIN IN ATHLETES - p. 1451 239. LATERAL ANKLE SPRAINS - p. 1461 240. SYNDESMOSIS (HIGH) ANKLE SPRAINS - p. 1479 241. MEDIAL ANKLE SPRAINS - p. 1492 242. CHRONIC MEDIAL LIGAMENT INSTABILITY - p. 1496 243. SUBTALAR SPRAINS - p. 1497 244. SINUS TARSI SYNDROME - p. 1504 245. MIDFOOT SPRAINS - p. 1504 246. FOREFOOT SPRAINS—TURF TOE - p. 1511 247. BUNIONS IN ATHLETES - p. 1519 248. Acknowledgments - p. 1520 249. References - p. 1520 250. 37. Achilles Tendon Injuries - p. 1543 251. NON-PRINT ITEMAbstract - p. 1543 252. Chapter Outline - p. 1543 253. Anatomy - p. 1543 254. ACHILLES TENDINOSIS - p. 1544 255. ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE - p. 1557 256. TENDON TRANSFERS TO AUGMENT ACHILLES REPAIR OR RECONSTRUCTION (VIDEO 37-10) - p. 1574 257. SYNTHETIC AND ALLOGRAFT RECONSTRUCTION - p. 1577 258. PLATELET-RICH PLASMA - p. 1578 259. Acknowledgments - p. 1578 260. References - p. 1578 261. 38. Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1586 262. 39. Arthroscopy of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1619 263. NON-PRINT ITEMAbstract - p. 1619 264. Chapter Outline - p. 1619 265. ARTHROSCOPY OF THE ANKLE IN THE SUPINE POSITION - p. 1619 266. ANKLE PATHOLOGY - p. 1629 267. ARTHROSCOPY OF THE FOOT IN THE SUPINE POSITION - p. 1658 268. ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES - p. 1670 269. HINDFOOT ARTHROSCOPY AND ENDOSCOPY IN THE PRONE POSITION - p. 1676 270. FUTURE TRENDS IN FOOT ARTHROSCOPY - p. 1692 271. COMPLICATIONS OF ANKLE AND FOOT ARTHROSCOPY - p. 1694 272. References - p. 1697 273. 40. Osteochondral Lesions - p. 1709 274. NON-PRINT ITEMAbstract - p. 1709 275. Chapter Outline - p. 1709 276. OSTEOCHONDRAL LESIONS OF THE TALUS - p. 1709 277. OSTEOCHONDRAL LESIONS OF THE TIBIAL PLAFOND - p. 1737 278. OSTEOCHONDRAL LESIONS OF THE FOOT - p. 1740 279. Acknowledgments - p. 1741 280. References - p. 1743 281. Part X: Pediatrics - p. 1743 282. 41. Congenital Foot Deformities - p. 1753 283. Part XI: Trauma - p. 1776 284. 42. Complex Trauma and Soft Tissue Reconstruction for the Foot and Ankle - p. 1782 285. 43. Pilon Fractures - p. 1821 286. 44. Ankle Fractures and Dislocations - p. 1854 287. 45. Fractures of the Calcaneus - p. 1893 288. Abstract - p. 1893 289. Chapter Outline - p. 1893 290. Epidemiology - p. 1894 291. Pathoanatomy - p. 1894 292. Intraarticular Fractures - p. 1896 293. Fracture-Dislocations of the Calcaneus - p. 1919 294. Transcalcaneal Talonavicular Dislocations - p. 1921 295. Fractures of the Sustentaculum Tali - p. 1922 296. Anterior Process Fractures - p. 1922 297. Extraarticular Fractures - p. 1922 298. Postoperative Complications - p. 1926 299. Acknowledgments - p. 1933 300. References - p. 1933 301. 46. Talus Fractures and Peritalar Dislocations - p. 1940 302. Abstract - p. 1940 303. Chapter Outline - p. 1940 304. Anatomy - p. 1941 305. Fractures of the Talar Neck - p. 1944 306. Total Dislocation of the Talus - p. 1956 307. Subtotal Dislocation of the Talus (Subtalar or Peritalar) - p. 1957 308. Fractures of the Talar Body - p. 1961 309. Complications Associated with Fractures of the Talar Neck and Body - p. 1963 310. Fractures of the Talar Head - p. 1969 311. Fractures of the Posterior Process - p. 1970 312. Fractures of the Lateral Process - p. 1973 313. Salvage Procedures - p. 1974 314. Acknowledgments - p. 1980 315. References - p. 1980 316. 47. Fractures and Dislocations of the Midfoot and Forefoot - p. 1986 317. Chapter Outline - p. 1986 318. The Tarsal Navicular - p. 1986 319. Navicular Fractures - p. 1987 320. Cuboid and Cuneiform Bones - p. 1992 321. Lisfranc Joint Injuries - p. 1998 322. Metatarsal Fractures - p. 2014 323. Metatarsophalangeal Joint Dislocations - p. 2021 324. Phalangeal Bones - p. 2026 325. Interphalangeal Joint Dislocations - p. 2032 326. Sesamoid Bones - p. 2035 327. Crush Injury - p. 2038 328. Acknowledgments - p. 2040 329. References - p. 2047 330. Index - p. I1
The 10th edition of Coughlin and Mann’s Surgery of the Foot and Ankle delivers state-of-the-art, comprehensive coverage of the full range of foot and ankle disorders in an easy-to-manage, two-volume format. Authoritative guidance on every major aspect of the treatment and management of foot and ankle disorders and diseases helps you achieve consistent, optimal outcomes for your patients. With content covering biomechanics, examination, diagnosis, non-operative and operative treatment, and post-operative management, you have all the guidance you need to take your knowledge and skills to the next level.
Covers all key topics in foot and ankle surgery, including ankle reconstruction and total ankle arthroplasty, external/internal fixation, management of complex foot deformities, nerve disorders, arthroscopic techniques, postoperative protocols for all surgical techniques, and more.
Provides expanded coverage of minimally invasive surgery, ankle arthroscopy, and biologics.
Features a consistent, structured chapter layout across the two volumes for quick and easy reference.
Offers access to revised online features, including streamlined, refreshed, and all-new video content—more than 120 videos in all.
Contains updated images and design as well as revised pearls and key points boxes throughout.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Dedication - p. v 6. Contributors - p. vii 7. Preface - p. xi 8. Acknowledgments - p. xiii 9. Acknowledgment of Previous Editions - p. xv 10. In Appreciation - p. xvii 11. Videos - p. xxi 12. Part I: General Considerations - p. xxiv 13. 1. Biomechanics of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1 14. 2. Principles of the Physical Examination of the Foot and Ankle - p. 28 15. 3. Imaging of the Foot and Ankle - p. 50 16. 4. Scientific Evidence-Based Foot and Ankle Care - p. 109 17. 5. Nonsurgical Treatment of Foot and Ankle Conditions - p. 113 18. 6. Regional Anesthesia for the Foot and Ankle - p. 127 19. Part II: Forefoot and Heel - p. 147 20. 7. Hallux Valgus - p. 151 21. Abstract - p. 151 22. Chapter Outline - p. 151 23. Anatomy - p. 152 24. Blood Supply to the First Metatarsal Head - p. 154 25. Pathoanatomy - p. 154 26. Pathophysiology - p. 156 27. Demographics - p. 160 28. Age of Onset - p. 161 29. Gender - p. 161 30. Bilaterality - p. 161 31. Etiology - p. 162 32. Intrinsic Causes - p. 163 33. Radiographic Measures - p. 171 34. Metatarsus Primus Varus - p. 175 35. Hallux Valgus Interphalangeus - p. 175 36. First Metatarsal Length - p. 176 37. Metatarsophalangeal Joint Shape - p. 177 38. Joint Congruity - p. 177 39. Distal Metatarsal Articular Angle - p. 178 40. First Metatarsocuneiform Joint - p. 180 41. Intermetatarsal Facet/Os Intermetatarseum - p. 182 42. Metatarsus Adductus - p. 183 43. Role of Weight-Bearing CT Scan - p. 184 44. Juvenile Bunions - p. 184 45. Juvenile Hallux Valgus - p. 186 46. Classification of Hallux Valgus Deformities - p. 186 47. Patient Evaluation - p. 187 48. Conservative Treatment - p. 188 49. Perioperative Considerations - p. 190 50. Factors Impacting Outcomes - p. 190 51. Surgical Decision Making - p. 190 52. Surgical Treatment Algorithm - p. 191 53. Surgical Procedures - p. 194 54. Distal Procedures - p. 194 55. Midshaft Osteotomies - p. 224 56. Proximal Osteotomies - p. 228 57. Multiple Osteotomies (Video 7-8) - p. 242 58. Arthrodesis Procedures - p. 247 59. Keller Procedure (Video 7-10) - p. 258 60. Complications of Hallux Valgus Surgery - p. 262 61. Conclusions - p. 262 62. References - p. 263 63. 8. Hallux Varus and Complications of Bunion Repair - p. 275 64. 9. Lesser Toe Deformities - p. 303 65. Abstract - p. 303 66. Chapter Outline - p. 303 67. Lesser Toe Deformities Overview - p. 303 68. Anatomy and Pathophysiology - p. 306 69. Etiology and Presenting Symptoms - p. 309 70. Preoperative Evaluation - p. 311 71. Fixed Hammer Toe Deformity - p. 314 72. Surgical Considerations - p. 319 73. Results of Hammer Toe Repair - p. 320 74. Flexible Hammer Toe Deformity - p. 329 75. Preoperative Planning - p. 330 76. Surgical Considerations - p. 330 77. Results and Complications - p. 334 78. Curly Toe Deformity - p. 336 79. Mallet Toe Deformity, - p. 336 80. Preoperative Planning - p. 336 81. Surgical Considerations - p. 337 82. Results and Complications - p. 339 83. Claw Toe Deformities - p. 339 84. Preoperative Planning - p. 340 85. Surgical Considerations - p. 341 86. Results and Complications - p. 343 87. Subluxation And Dislocation Of The Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joint - p. 344 88. Anatomy of Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joint Subluxation - p. 344 89. Etiology - p. 345 90. History and Demographics - p. 347 91. Preoperative Evaluation - p. 347 92. Treatment - p. 354 93. Results - p. 367 94. Complications - p. 374 95. Ischemic Toe - p. 375 96. Salvage Procedures - p. 376 97. Results and Complications - p. 377 98. Fifth Toe Deformities - p. 379 99. Anatomy - p. 379 100. Physical Examination - p. 382 101. Conservative Treatment - p. 382 102. Mild Overlapping Fifth Toe Deformities - p. 382 103. Severe Overlapping Fifth Toe Deformities - p. 383 104. Results of Overlapping Fifth Toe Procedures - p. 384 105. Underlapping Fifth Toe - p. 385 106. Cock-Up Fifth Toe Deformity - p. 385 107. Keratotic Deformities Of Lesser Toes - p. 388 108. Preoperative Evaluation - p. 390 109. Treatment - p. 390 110. Results and Complications - p. 392 111. References - p. 394 112. 10. Bunionettes - p. 400 113. 11. Sesamoids and Accessory Bones of the Foot - p. 434 114. Abstract - p. 434 115. Chapter outline - p. 434 116. Sesamoids of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint - p. 435 117. Interphalangeal Sesamoid of the Hallux - p. 462 118. Accessory Bones of the Foot - p. 463 119. References - p. 497 120. 12. Plantar Heel Pain - p. 505 121. Part III: Integument - p. 516 122. 13. Keratotic Disorders of the Plantar Skin - p. 519 123. 14. Toenail Abnormalities - p. 550 124. Abstract - p. 550 125. Chapter Outline - p. 550 126. Anatomy and Classification - p. 551 127. Dermatologic and Systemic Nail Disorders - p. 553 128. Genetic Disorders With Nail Changes - p. 556 129. Trauma - p. 558 130. Transverse Figure-of-Eight Suture for Securing the Toenail - p. 560 131. Tumors - p. 561 132. Onychopathies and Other Common Nail Abnormalities - p. 566 133. Nail Fold Disorders - p. 579 134. References - p. 590 135. 15. Soft Tissue Disorders of the Foot - p. 596 136. 16. Dermatology of the Foot and the Lower Extremity - p. 627 137. Part IV: Tumors - p. 637 138. 17. Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors - p. 639 139. Part V: Nerve Disorders - p. 669 140. 18. Disorders of the Nerves - p. 675 141. Abstract - p. 675 142. Chapter Outline - p. 675 143. Anatomy and Definition of Injury - p. 675 144. Electrodiagnostic Study - p. 676 145. Interdigital Neuroma/Neuralgia - p. 676 146. Recurrent Interdigital Neuromas - p. 689 147. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome - p. 693 148. Failed Tarsal Tunnel Release - p. 703 149. Traumatic Nerve Injuries - p. 711 150. First Branch of the Lateral Plantar Nerve Entrapment - p. 715 151. Calcaneal Branches - p. 717 152. Medial Plantar Nerve Entrapment - p. 718 153. Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment - p. 719 154. Deep Peroneal Nerve Entrapment - p. 721 155. Sural Nerve Entrapment - p. 726 156. Saphenous Nerve Entrapment - p. 728 157. Summary - p. 728 158. References - p. 728 159. 19. Congenital and Acquired Neurologic Disorders - p. 734 160. 20. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome - p. 771 161. Part VI: Arthritis - p. 785 162. 21. Arthritis of the Foot - p. 789 163. Non-Print Itemabstract - p. 789 164. Chapter outline - p. 789 165. Arthritic Conditions of The Foot - p. 790 166. Degenerative Arthritis of the Hindfoot - p. 793 167. Degenerative Arthritis of the Midfoot - p. 795 168. Inflammatory Arthropathies - p. 800 169. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - p. 838 170. Crystal-Induced Arthropathies - p. 838 171. Seronegative Arthropathies - p. 843 172. Miscellaneous Arthropathies of the Foot and Ankle - p. 851 173. References - p. 854 174. 22. Ankle Arthritis and Arthrodesis - p. 863 175. Non-Print Itemabstract - p. 863 176. Chapter Outline - p. 863 177. Prevalence of Ankle Osteoarthritis - p. 863 178. Pathogenesis of Ankle Arthritis - p. 865 179. Clinical Impact of Ankle Arthritis - p. 868 180. Approach to the Patient with Ankle Arthritis - p. 868 181. Nonoperative Treatment of Ankle Arthritis - p. 871 182. Operative Treatment of Global Ankle Arthritis - p. 873 183. Operative Treatment of Asymmetric, Localized Ankle Arthritis (See Video 22-5) - p. 894 184. Surgery for Failed Previous Fusion Surgery - p. 906 185. Acknowledgments - p. 912 186. References - p. 912 187. 23. Ankle Replacement - p. 920 188. Abstract - p. 920 189. Chapter Outline - p. 920 190. A Short History of Total Ankle Replacement - p. 923 191. Preparing for a Successful Total Ankle Replacement - p. 926 192. Operative Treatment of Ankle Arthritis with Total Ankle Replacement - p. 935 193. Results of Total Ankle Replacements - p. 948 194. Managing Complications of Total Ankle Replacement - p. 964 195. Acknowledgments - p. 989 196. References - p. 993 197. 24. Avascular Necrosis and Total Talus Replacement - p. 1006 198. 25. Hindfoot and Pantalar Arthritis - p. 1020 199. Abstract - p. 1020 200. Chapter Outline - p. 1020 201. Prevalence and Pathogenesis - p. 1021 202. Clinical Approach - p. 1021 203. Surgical Considerations - p. 1021 204. Specific Arthrodeses - p. 1026 205. Acknowledgments - p. 1064 206. References - p. 1064 207. 26. Midfoot Arthritis - p. 1070 208. 27. Hallux Rigidus and Other Forefoot Arthritis - p. 1077 209. Part VII: Tendon Disorders and Postural Malalignment - p. 1129 210. 28. Disorders of Tendons - p. 1135 211. Abstract - p. 1135 212. Chapter Outline - p. 1135 213. Extensor Tendons - p. 1135 214. Flexor Tendons - p. 1157 215. Peroneal Tendons - p. 1174 216. Posterior Tibial Tendon Subluxation–Dislocation - p. 1213 217. Tendon Transfers - p. 1214 218. References - p. 1221 219. 29. Pes Planus - p. 1230 220. Abstract - p. 1230 221. Chapter Outline - p. 1230 222. Pes Planus - p. 1230 223. Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity - p. 1230 224. Acknowledgment - p. 1282 225. References - p. 1282 226. 30. Pes Cavus - p. 1288 227. 31. Ring External Fixation in the Foot and Ankle - p. 1309 228. Part VIII: Diabetes and Infection - p. 1328 229. 32. The Diabetic Foot and Neuroarthropathy - p. 1330 230. 33. Infections of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1373 231. 34. Amputations of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1397 232. 35. Lower Limb Prosthetics - p. 1421 233. Part IX: Sports Medicine - p. 1438 234. 36. Athletic Soft Tissue Injuries of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1440 235. Abstract - p. 1440 236. Chapter Outline - p. 1440 237. ETIOLOGY OF INJURY IN SPORTS - p. 1442 238. CHRONIC LEG PAIN IN ATHLETES - p. 1451 239. LATERAL ANKLE SPRAINS - p. 1461 240. SYNDESMOSIS (HIGH) ANKLE SPRAINS - p. 1479 241. MEDIAL ANKLE SPRAINS - p. 1492 242. CHRONIC MEDIAL LIGAMENT INSTABILITY - p. 1496 243. SUBTALAR SPRAINS - p. 1497 244. SINUS TARSI SYNDROME - p. 1504 245. MIDFOOT SPRAINS - p. 1504 246. FOREFOOT SPRAINS—TURF TOE - p. 1511 247. BUNIONS IN ATHLETES - p. 1519 248. Acknowledgments - p. 1520 249. References - p. 1520 250. 37. Achilles Tendon Injuries - p. 1543 251. NON-PRINT ITEMAbstract - p. 1543 252. Chapter Outline - p. 1543 253. Anatomy - p. 1543 254. ACHILLES TENDINOSIS - p. 1544 255. ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE - p. 1557 256. TENDON TRANSFERS TO AUGMENT ACHILLES REPAIR OR RECONSTRUCTION (VIDEO 37-10) - p. 1574 257. SYNTHETIC AND ALLOGRAFT RECONSTRUCTION - p. 1577 258. PLATELET-RICH PLASMA - p. 1578 259. Acknowledgments - p. 1578 260. References - p. 1578 261. 38. Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1586 262. 39. Arthroscopy of the Foot and Ankle - p. 1619 263. NON-PRINT ITEMAbstract - p. 1619 264. Chapter Outline - p. 1619 265. ARTHROSCOPY OF THE ANKLE IN THE SUPINE POSITION - p. 1619 266. ANKLE PATHOLOGY - p. 1629 267. ARTHROSCOPY OF THE FOOT IN THE SUPINE POSITION - p. 1658 268. ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES - p. 1670 269. HINDFOOT ARTHROSCOPY AND ENDOSCOPY IN THE PRONE POSITION - p. 1676 270. FUTURE TRENDS IN FOOT ARTHROSCOPY - p. 1692 271. COMPLICATIONS OF ANKLE AND FOOT ARTHROSCOPY - p. 1694 272. References - p. 1697 273. 40. Osteochondral Lesions - p. 1709 274. NON-PRINT ITEMAbstract - p. 1709 275. Chapter Outline - p. 1709 276. OSTEOCHONDRAL LESIONS OF THE TALUS - p. 1709 277. OSTEOCHONDRAL LESIONS OF THE TIBIAL PLAFOND - p. 1737 278. OSTEOCHONDRAL LESIONS OF THE FOOT - p. 1740 279. Acknowledgments - p. 1741 280. References - p. 1743 281. Part X: Pediatrics - p. 1743 282. 41. Congenital Foot Deformities - p. 1753 283. Part XI: Trauma - p. 1776 284. 42. Complex Trauma and Soft Tissue Reconstruction for the Foot and Ankle - p. 1782 285. 43. Pilon Fractures - p. 1821 286. 44. Ankle Fractures and Dislocations - p. 1854 287. 45. Fractures of the Calcaneus - p. 1893 288. Abstract - p. 1893 289. Chapter Outline - p. 1893 290. Epidemiology - p. 1894 291. Pathoanatomy - p. 1894 292. Intraarticular Fractures - p. 1896 293. Fracture-Dislocations of the Calcaneus - p. 1919 294. Transcalcaneal Talonavicular Dislocations - p. 1921 295. Fractures of the Sustentaculum Tali - p. 1922 296. Anterior Process Fractures - p. 1922 297. Extraarticular Fractures - p. 1922 298. Postoperative Complications - p. 1926 299. Acknowledgments - p. 1933 300. References - p. 1933 301. 46. Talus Fractures and Peritalar Dislocations - p. 1940 302. Abstract - p. 1940 303. Chapter Outline - p. 1940 304. Anatomy - p. 1941 305. Fractures of the Talar Neck - p. 1944 306. Total Dislocation of the Talus - p. 1956 307. Subtotal Dislocation of the Talus (Subtalar or Peritalar) - p. 1957 308. Fractures of the Talar Body - p. 1961 309. Complications Associated with Fractures of the Talar Neck and Body - p. 1963 310. Fractures of the Talar Head - p. 1969 311. Fractures of the Posterior Process - p. 1970 312. Fractures of the Lateral Process - p. 1973 313. Salvage Procedures - p. 1974 314. Acknowledgments - p. 1980 315. References - p. 1980 316. 47. Fractures and Dislocations of the Midfoot and Forefoot - p. 1986 317. Chapter Outline - p. 1986 318. The Tarsal Navicular - p. 1986 319. Navicular Fractures - p. 1987 320. Cuboid and Cuneiform Bones - p. 1992 321. Lisfranc Joint Injuries - p. 1998 322. Metatarsal Fractures - p. 2014 323. Metatarsophalangeal Joint Dislocations - p. 2021 324. Phalangeal Bones - p. 2026 325. Interphalangeal Joint Dislocations - p. 2032 326. Sesamoid Bones - p. 2035 327. Crush Injury - p. 2038 328. Acknowledgments - p. 2040 329. References - p. 2047 330. Index - p. I1
