Diabetes and Neurodegeneration unlocks the complex interplay between diabetes and Neurodegeneration, reviewing the relationship between these two prevalent health challenges. This book begins with a simple guide to understanding high blood sugar, tracing the historical milestones of hyperglycemia, and unveiling the primary factors that contribute to diabetes development, from genetic predisposition to lifestyle hazards. The second section aims to bridge the gap between diabetes and dementia, presenting early clinical evidence, case studies, and susceptibility assessments that underscore the strong link between hyperglycemia and neurodegeneration. Biomarkers and pathways connecting these conditions are explored, including the role of Advanced Glycated End (AGE) products and their implications in protein misfolding and aggregation. The narrative extends to therapeutic strategies, evaluating the efficacy of antidiabetic drugs, targeting insulin resistance, and introducing novel interventions to arrest amyloid-associated pathogenesis. This comprehensive guide provides both clinicians and researchers with a thorough understanding of the intricate link between diabetes and neurodegeneration.
1. Section I: Introduction: Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Dementia - p. S1 2. Chapter 1. Why and when does one have high blood sugar? - p. 3 3. Chapter 2. The history of hyperglycemia: key milestones in the inception of the disease in human health - p. 13 4. Chapter 3. Walking the sugar-laden path: how diabetes got rooted in human civilization - p. 21 5. Chapter 4. Neurodegeneration: how to identify the primary symptoms of cognitive impairment - p. 35 6. Chapter 5. Risk of dementia in diabetes mellitus: a mechanistic endeavor - p. 45 7. Chapter 6. Direct consequences of diabetes on the nervous system: structural and molecular pathological changes - p. 75 8. Section II: Discovering the bridge between diabetes and dementia - p. S121 9. Chapter 7. Link between hyperglycemia and onset of neurodegeneration: Early clinical evidence - p. 123 10. Chapter 8. Diabetes and cognitive impairment—insights for early diagnosis and management - p. 137 11. Chapter 9. Case studies for a systematic understanding of development of dementia in diabetic or prediabetic patients - p. 147 12. Chapter 10. Susceptibility assessment of dementia in diabetic or prediabetic conditions - p. 157 13. Chapter 11. Fetal, neonatal, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants of diabetic mothers - p. 171 14. Chapter 12. Metabolic connections between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes - p. 183 15. Chapter 13. Role of diabetes and altered metabolic homeostasis in age-related dementia - p. 209 16. Chapter 14. The effect of chronic hyperglycemia on aging: implications in cognitive impairment - p. 237 17. Chapter 15. Oxidative stress in brain accelerates the onset of neurodegeneration in hyperglycemic individuals - p. 253 18. Chapter 16. Impact of cardiovascular disease on dementia in diabetes - p. 271 19. Chapter 17. Impaired insulin signaling in the context of diabetes and neurodegeneration: novel biomarkers to mitigate the threat of the deadly duo - p. 281 20. Chapter 18. Diabetes and neurodegeneration: can a diabetic eye result in cognitive deficits—introspections in diabetic Rretinopathy - p. 295 21. Chapter 19. Effect of heavy metal pollution on metabolic hemostasis inducing neurotoxicity and type 2 diabetes mellitus - p. 315 22. Section III: Biomarkers and pathways which connect diabetesand dementia - p. S323 23. Chapter 20. Early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of diabetes and cognitive impairment - p. 325 24. Chapter 21. Periphery biomarkers to assess the vulnerability of type 2 diabetic patients to Alzheimer's disease - p. 333 25. Chapter 22. Metabolic regulatory proteins play an intermediate role in diabetes and Parkinson’s disease - p. 343 26. Chapter 23. The physiological role of advanced glycation end product (AGE): receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) axis in the body: implications in cellular defense - p. 365 27. Chapter 24. Advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and protein aggregates: a biochemical nexus between diabetes and dementia - p. 383 28. Chapter 25. Advanced glycation end product molecules as major culprits behind amyloidogenic protein aggregation - p. 399 29. Chapter 26. Shared pathways in Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus - p. 407 30. Chapter 27. Role of gut microbial amyloids in progressive cognitive decline - p. 433 31. Chapter 28. Exploring the unknown territory of gut–brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients - p. 439 32. Chapter 29. Role of gut microbiome in diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases - p. 463 33. Chapter 30. Influence of healthy gut microbiota against neurodegeneration and aging - p. 479 34. Section IV: Therapeutic strategies to arrest and/or delink diabetes and dementia - p. S495 35. Chapter 31. Effectiveness of antidiabetic drugs to prevent dementia in people with diabetes - p. 497 36. Chapter 32. Targeting insulin resistance to treat cognitive impairment - p. 509 37. Chapter 33. Cognitive impairment and type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors treatment - p. 523 38. Chapter 34. Soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end product receptors as novel therapeutic intervention to arrest amyloid-associated pathogenesis - p. 535 39. Chapter 35. Roles of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in neuroprotection in diabetics - p. 543 40. Chapter 36. Assessing the efficacy of antidiabetic phytotherapeutic interventions towards improvement of cognitive functions - p. 553 41. Index - p. 567
Diabetes and Neurodegeneration unlocks the complex interplay between diabetes and Neurodegeneration, reviewing the relationship between these two prevalent health challenges. This book begins with a simple guide to understanding high blood sugar, tracing the historical milestones of hyperglycemia, and unveiling the primary factors that contribute to diabetes development, from genetic predisposition to lifestyle hazards. The second section aims to bridge the gap between diabetes and dementia, presenting early clinical evidence, case studies, and susceptibility assessments that underscore the strong link between hyperglycemia and neurodegeneration. Biomarkers and pathways connecting these conditions are explored, including the role of Advanced Glycated End (AGE) products and their implications in protein misfolding and aggregation. The narrative extends to therapeutic strategies, evaluating the efficacy of antidiabetic drugs, targeting insulin resistance, and introducing novel interventions to arrest amyloid-associated pathogenesis. This comprehensive guide provides both clinicians and researchers with a thorough understanding of the intricate link between diabetes and neurodegeneration.
1. Section I: Introduction: Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Dementia - p. S1 2. Chapter 1. Why and when does one have high blood sugar? - p. 3 3. Chapter 2. The history of hyperglycemia: key milestones in the inception of the disease in human health - p. 13 4. Chapter 3. Walking the sugar-laden path: how diabetes got rooted in human civilization - p. 21 5. Chapter 4. Neurodegeneration: how to identify the primary symptoms of cognitive impairment - p. 35 6. Chapter 5. Risk of dementia in diabetes mellitus: a mechanistic endeavor - p. 45 7. Chapter 6. Direct consequences of diabetes on the nervous system: structural and molecular pathological changes - p. 75 8. Section II: Discovering the bridge between diabetes and dementia - p. S121 9. Chapter 7. Link between hyperglycemia and onset of neurodegeneration: Early clinical evidence - p. 123 10. Chapter 8. Diabetes and cognitive impairment—insights for early diagnosis and management - p. 137 11. Chapter 9. Case studies for a systematic understanding of development of dementia in diabetic or prediabetic patients - p. 147 12. Chapter 10. Susceptibility assessment of dementia in diabetic or prediabetic conditions - p. 157 13. Chapter 11. Fetal, neonatal, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants of diabetic mothers - p. 171 14. Chapter 12. Metabolic connections between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes - p. 183 15. Chapter 13. Role of diabetes and altered metabolic homeostasis in age-related dementia - p. 209 16. Chapter 14. The effect of chronic hyperglycemia on aging: implications in cognitive impairment - p. 237 17. Chapter 15. Oxidative stress in brain accelerates the onset of neurodegeneration in hyperglycemic individuals - p. 253 18. Chapter 16. Impact of cardiovascular disease on dementia in diabetes - p. 271 19. Chapter 17. Impaired insulin signaling in the context of diabetes and neurodegeneration: novel biomarkers to mitigate the threat of the deadly duo - p. 281 20. Chapter 18. Diabetes and neurodegeneration: can a diabetic eye result in cognitive deficits—introspections in diabetic Rretinopathy - p. 295 21. Chapter 19. Effect of heavy metal pollution on metabolic hemostasis inducing neurotoxicity and type 2 diabetes mellitus - p. 315 22. Section III: Biomarkers and pathways which connect diabetesand dementia - p. S323 23. Chapter 20. Early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of diabetes and cognitive impairment - p. 325 24. Chapter 21. Periphery biomarkers to assess the vulnerability of type 2 diabetic patients to Alzheimer's disease - p. 333 25. Chapter 22. Metabolic regulatory proteins play an intermediate role in diabetes and Parkinson’s disease - p. 343 26. Chapter 23. The physiological role of advanced glycation end product (AGE): receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) axis in the body: implications in cellular defense - p. 365 27. Chapter 24. Advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and protein aggregates: a biochemical nexus between diabetes and dementia - p. 383 28. Chapter 25. Advanced glycation end product molecules as major culprits behind amyloidogenic protein aggregation - p. 399 29. Chapter 26. Shared pathways in Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus - p. 407 30. Chapter 27. Role of gut microbial amyloids in progressive cognitive decline - p. 433 31. Chapter 28. Exploring the unknown territory of gut–brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients - p. 439 32. Chapter 29. Role of gut microbiome in diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases - p. 463 33. Chapter 30. Influence of healthy gut microbiota against neurodegeneration and aging - p. 479 34. Section IV: Therapeutic strategies to arrest and/or delink diabetes and dementia - p. S495 35. Chapter 31. Effectiveness of antidiabetic drugs to prevent dementia in people with diabetes - p. 497 36. Chapter 32. Targeting insulin resistance to treat cognitive impairment - p. 509 37. Chapter 33. Cognitive impairment and type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors treatment - p. 523 38. Chapter 34. Soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end product receptors as novel therapeutic intervention to arrest amyloid-associated pathogenesis - p. 535 39. Chapter 35. Roles of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in neuroprotection in diabetics - p. 543 40. Chapter 36. Assessing the efficacy of antidiabetic phytotherapeutic interventions towards improvement of cognitive functions - p. 553 41. Index - p. 567
