Bridging the gap between dentistry and medical radiology, Diagnostic Imaging: Oral and Maxillofacial, third edition, is an invaluable resource for new and seasoned radiologists as well as dental specialists and general practitioners currently using CT and/or cone beam CT (CBCT)—anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference in this complex area of imaging. Drs. Lisa J. Koenig, Dania Tamimi, Susanne Perschbacher, Husniye Demirturk, and their diverse team of oral and maxillofacial radiologists provide up-to-date information on the oral and maxillofacial complex from a dentist’s perspective to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool for readers at all levels of experience as well as a handy reference for daily practice.
Covers the anatomic zones, imaging modalities, patient conditions, and presenting clinical signs and symptoms shared by dentistry and medicine
Incorporates complete and accurate dental anatomy and nomenclature throughout, as well as findings that affect the many aspects of dental treatment
Includes sweeping updates throughout, such as new content on the expanded use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology and a new chapter specifically on AI in oral radiology; a new section on ultrasound use for maxillofacial lesions; new information on sleep-disordered breathing; and new material regarding MR use as it pertains to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Features nearly 5,800 images (in print and online), including CT and CBCT images, radiographs, ultrasound images, full-color illustrations, MR images, 3D reconstruction images, and clinical photographs
Includes 200 diagnoses in chapters organized by anatomic section, with extensive coverage of TMJ disorders
Features more than 35 differential diagnosis chapters that provide a unique and intuitive method for interpreting pathology according to radiographic appearance
Contains comprehensive details on the anatomy of oral and maxillofacial areas, including embryology of the teeth to carotid arteries
Uses bulleted, succinct text and highly templated chapters for quick comprehension of essential information at the point of care
Serves as an excellent review for the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology exam
1. Chapter 38: Introduction to Ultrasound Imaging - p. 255 2. Chapter 39: CBCT Applications in Implant Placement - p. 263 3. Chapter 40: CBCT Applications in Endodontics - p. 269 4. Chapter 41: CBCT Applications in Orthodontics - p. 275 5. Chapter 42: CBCT Analysis of Sleep-Disordered Breathing Risk Factors - p. 283 6. Part III: Diagnoses - p. 293 7. SECTION 1: RADIOLOGIC PATTERNS OF JAW PATHOLOGY - p. 293 8. Chapter 43: Radiologic Patterns of Jaw Pathology - p. 293 9. SECTION 2: TEETH - p. 303 10. DEVELOPMENTAL ALTERATIONS IN SIZE AND SHAPE OF TEETH - p. 303 11. Chapter 44: Hypodontia - p. 303 12. Chapter 45: Hyperdontia - p. 307 13. Chapter 46: Macrodontia, Gemination, and Fusion - p. 309 14. Chapter 47: Microdontia - p. 311 15. Chapter 48: Concrescence - p. 312 16. Chapter 49: Talon Cusp - p. 313 17. Chapter 50: Dens Invaginatus - p. 314 18. Chapter 51: Enamel Pearls - p. 315 19. Chapter 52: Taurodontism - p. 316 20. Chapter 53: Dilaceration - p. 317 21. Chapter 54: Supernumerary Roots - p. 318 22. DEVELOPMENTAL ALTERATIONS IN STRUCTURE OF TEETH - p. 319 23. Chapter 55: Amelogenesis Imperfecta - p. 319 24. Chapter 56: Dentinogenesis Imperfecta - p. 323 25. Chapter 57: Dentin Dysplasia - p. 325 26. Chapter 58: Regional Odontodysplasia - p. 326 27. ACQUIRED ALTERATIONS OF TEETH AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURES - p. 327 28. Chapter 59: Attrition - p. 327 29. Chapter 60: Abrasion - p. 329 30. Chapter 61: Abfraction - p. 330 31. Chapter 62: Erosion - p. 331 32. Chapter 63: Turner Dysplasia - p. 332 33. Chapter 64: Internal and External Resorption - p. 333 34. Chapter 65: Hypercementosis - p. 339 35. TRAUMA - p. 340 36. Chapter 66: Concussion - p. 340 37. Chapter 67: Luxation - p. 341 38. Chapter 68: Dentoalveolar Fractures - p. 345 39. INFECTION/INFLAMMATION - p. 351 40. Chapter 69: Dental Caries - p. 351 41. Chapter 70: Periapical Rarefying Osteitis - p. 355 42. Chapter 71: Periapical Sclerosing Osteitis - p. 359 43. Chapter 72: Periodontal Disease - p. 361 44. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 367 45. Chapter 73: Gubernaculum Dentis - p. 367 46. SECTION 3: ORAL CAVITY - p. 369 47. CONGENITAL/GENETIC - p. 369 48. Chapter 74: Submandibular Space Accessory Salivary Tissue - p. 369 49. Chapter 75: Lingual Thyroid - p. 373 50. Chapter 76: Oral Cavity Dermoid and Epidermoid - p. 375 51. Chapter 77: Submandibular Gland Aplasia-Hypoplasia - p. 379 52. Chapter 78: Foregut Duplication Cyst in Tongue - p. 381 53. INFECTION - p. 383 54. Chapter 79: Oral Cavity Soft Tissue Infections - p. 383 55. INFLAMMATION - p. 387 56. Chapter 80: Ranula - p. 387 57. Chapter 81: Submandibular Gland Sialadenitis - p. 391 58. Chapter 82: Oral Cavity Sialocele - p. 393 59. Chapter 83: Submandibular Gland Mucocele - p. 395 60. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 397 61. Chapter 84: Sublingual Gland Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 397 62. Chapter 85: Submandibular Gland Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 399 63. Chapter 86: Palate Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 401 64. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 403 65. Chapter 87: Oral Cavity Minor Salivary Gland Malignancy - p. 403 66. Chapter 88: Sublingual Gland Carcinoma - p. 405 67. Chapter 89: Submandibular Gland Carcinoma - p. 407 68. Chapter 90: Submandibular Space Nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - p. 409 69. Chapter 91: Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 411 70. Chapter 92: Floor of Mouth Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 415 71. Chapter 93: Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 417 72. Chapter 94: Retromolar Trigone Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 419 73. Chapter 95: Submandibular Space Nodal Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 421 74. Chapter 96: Buccal Mucosa Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 423 75. Chapter 97: Hard Palate Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 425 76. MISCELLANEOUS/IDIOPATHIC - p. 427 77. Chapter 98: Hypoglossal Nerve Motor Denervation - p. 427 78. Chapter 99: Submandibular Sialoliths - p. 429 79. SECTION 4: MANDIBLE AND MAXILLA - p. 431 80. NORMAL VARIANTS - p. 431 81. Chapter 100: Buccal and Palatal Exostoses - p. 431 82. Chapter 101: Mandibular Torus - p. 435 83. Chapter 102: Palatal Torus - p. 437 84. Chapter 103: Accessory Mandibular Canal - p. 439 85. Chapter 104: Mandibular Salivary Gland Defect (Stafne) - p. 441 86. Chapter 105: Mandible-Maxilla Idiopathic Osteosclerosis - p. 445 87. CONGENITAL/GENETIC - p. 447 88. Chapter 106: Cleft Lip and Palate - p. 447 89. Chapter 107: Cherubism - p. 451 90. Chapter 108: Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome - p. 453 91. Chapter 109: Cleidocranial Dysplasia - p. 455 92. Chapter 110: Pierre Robin Sequence - p. 457 93. Chapter 111: Treacher Collins Syndrome - p. 459 94. Chapter 112: Craniosynostoses (Crouzon) - p. 461 95. Chapter 113: Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) - p. 463 96. Chapter 114: Mucopolysaccharidosis - p. 465 97. Chapter 115: CHARGE Syndrome - p. 466 98. TRAUMA - p. 467 99. Chapter 116: Mandible Fracture - p. 467 100. Chapter 117: Nasoorbitalethmoid Fracture - p. 471 101. Chapter 118: Complex Midfacial Fracture - p. 473 102. Chapter 119: Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture - p. 475 103. Chapter 120: Transfacial Fractures (Le Fort) - p. 477 104. INFECTION/INFLAMMATION - p. 481 105. Chapter 121: Mandible-Maxilla Osteomyelitis - p. 481 106. Chapter 122: Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis - p. 485 107. Chapter 123: Mandible-Maxilla Osteoradionecrosis - p. 489 108. Chapter 124: Mandible-Maxilla Osteonecrosis - p. 493 109. CYSTS, ODONTOGENIC - p. 497 110. Chapter 125: Dentigerous Cyst - p. 497 111. Chapter 126: Odontogenic Keratocyst - p. 501 112. Chapter 127: Lateral Periodontal Cyst - p. 505 113. Chapter 128: Residual Cyst - p. 507 114. Chapter 129: Buccal Bifurcation Cyst - p. 509 115. Chapter 130: Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst - p. 513 116. CYSTS, NONODONTOGENIC - p. 515 117. Chapter 131: Mandible-Maxilla Aneurysmal Bone Cyst - p. 515 118. Chapter 132: Nasopalatine Duct Cyst - p. 519 119. Chapter 133: Nasolabial Cyst - p. 523 120. Chapter 134: Mandible-Maxilla Simple (Traumatic) Bone Cyst - p. 525 121. FIBROOSSEOUS LESIONS - p. 529 122. Chapter 135: Periapical Cementoosseous Dysplasia - p. 529 123. Chapter 136: Florid Cementoosseous Dysplasia - p. 533 124. Chapter 137: Cementoossifying Fibroma - p. 537 125. Chapter 138: Mandible-Maxilla Fibrous Dysplasia - p. 541 126. Chapter 139: Segmental Odontomaxillary Dysplasia - p. 547 127. METABOLIC/SYSTEMIC - p. 549 128. Chapter 140: Paget Disease - p. 549 129. NEOPLASM, BENIGN, ODONTOGENIC - p. 553 130. Chapter 141: Odontoma - p. 553 131. Chapter 142: Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor - p. 557 132. Chapter 143: Ameloblastoma - p. 559 133. Chapter 144: Ameloblastic Fibroma - p. 563 134. Chapter 145: Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma - p. 567 135. Chapter 146: Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor - p. 569 136. Chapter 147: Cementoblastoma - p. 571 137. Chapter 148: Odontogenic Myxoma - p. 573 138. Chapter 149: Central Odontogenic Fibroma - p. 575 139. NEOPLASM, BENIGN, NONODONTOGENIC - p. 577 140. Chapter 150: Central (Intraosseous) Hemangioma - p. 577 141. Chapter 151: Osteoid Osteoma - p. 579 142. Chapter 152: Osteoblastoma - p. 581 143. Chapter 153: Mandible-Maxilla Osteoma - p. 583 144. Chapter 154: Nerve Sheath Tumor - p. 585 145. Chapter 155: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 - p. 589 146. Chapter 156: Desmoplastic Fibroma - p. 593 147. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT, ODONTOGENIC - p. 595 148. Chapter 157: Malignant Ameloblastoma and Ameloblastic Carcinoma - p. 595 149. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT, NONODONTOGENIC - p. 597 150. Chapter 158: Mandible-Maxilla Metastasis - p. 597 151. Chapter 159: Mandible-Maxilla Osteosarcoma - p. 603 152. Chapter 160: Mandible-Maxilla Chondrosarcoma - p. 607 153. Chapter 161: Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma - p. 611 154. Chapter 162: Central Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma - p. 613 155. Chapter 163: Burkitt Lymphoma - p. 615 156. Chapter 164: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Pharyngeal Mucosal Space - p. 619 157. Chapter 165: Multiple Myeloma - p. 623 158. Chapter 166: Ewing Sarcoma - p. 627 159. Chapter 167: Leukemia - p. 629 160. TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS - p. 631 161. Chapter 168: Mandible-Maxilla Central Giant Cell Granuloma - p. 631 162. Chapter 169: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis - p. 635 163. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS - p. 639 164. Chapter 170: Bell Palsy - p. 639 165. Chapter 171: Hemifacial Spasm - p. 640 166. Chapter 172: Trigeminal Neuralgia - p. 641 167. AUTOIMMUNE - p. 643 168. Chapter 173: Systemic Sclerosis - p. 643 169. SECTION 5: TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT - p. 645 170. CONGENITAL DISORDERS - p. 645 171. Chapter 174: Condylar Aplasia - p. 645 172. Chapter 175: Hemifacial Microsomia - p. 649 173. DEVELOPMENTAL ACQUIRED DISORDERS - p. 653 174. Chapter 176: Condylar Hypoplasia - p. 653 175. Chapter 177: Condylar Hyperplasia - p. 657 176. Chapter 178: Coronoid Hyperplasia - p. 663 177. Chapter 179: Hemimandibular Elongation - p. 667 178. Chapter 180: Fibrous Ankylosis - p. 671 179. Chapter 181: Bony Ankylosis - p. 673 180. TRAUMA - p. 675 181. Chapter 182: TMJ Fractures - p. 675 182. Chapter 183: TMJ Dislocation - p. 681 183. Chapter 184: Bifid Condyle - p. 683 184. Chapter 185: TMJ Osteochondritis Dissecans - p. 687 185. INFLAMMATION - p. 689 186. Chapter 186: TMJ Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 689 187. Chapter 187: TMJ Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - p. 695 188. Chapter 188: Septic Arthritis - p. 701 189. Chapter 189: TMJ Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis - p. 705 190. DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS - p. 707 191. Chapter 190: Degenerative Joint Disease - p. 707 192. Chapter 191: Idiopathic Condylar Resorption - p. 711 193. Chapter 192: TMJ Synovial Cyst - p. 717 194. Chapter 193: TMJ Ganglion Cyst - p. 719 195. DISC DERANGEMENT DISORDERS - p. 721 196. Chapter 194: Disc Displacement With Reduction - p. 721 197. Chapter 195: Disc Displacement Without Reduction - p. 727 198. Chapter 196: Adhesions - p. 733 199. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 735 200. Chapter 197: TMJ Osteoma - p. 735 201. Chapter 198: TMJ Osteochondroma - p. 737 202. TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS - p. 743 203. Chapter 199: TMJ Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease - p. 743 204. Chapter 200: TMJ Primary Synovial Chondromatosis - p. 747 205. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 751 206. Chapter 201: TMJ Osteosarcoma - p. 751 207. Chapter 202: TMJ Chondrosarcoma - p. 753 208. Chapter 203: TMJ Metastasis - p. 757 209. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 759 210. Chapter 204: TMJ Simple (Traumatic) Bone Cyst - p. 759 211. Chapter 205: TMJ, Aneurysmal Bone Cyst - p. 761 212. SECTION 6: MAXILLARY SINUS AND NASAL CAVITY - p. 765 213. NORMAL VARIANTS - p. 765 214. Chapter 206: Deviated Nasal Septum - p. 765 215. Chapter 207: Concha Bullosa - p. 769 216. Chapter 208: Accessory Ostia - p. 771 217. DEVELOPMENTAL - p. 773 218. Chapter 209: Hypoplasia/Aplasia - p. 773 219. INFLAMMATION - p. 777 220. Chapter 210: Mucus Retention Pseudocyst - p. 777 221. Chapter 211: Sinonasal Mucocele - p. 779 222. Chapter 212: Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener) - p. 783 223. Chapter 213: Sinonasal Polyposis - p. 787 224. Chapter 214: Acute Rhinosinusitis - p. 791 225. Chapter 215: Chronic Rhinosinusitis - p. 795 226. Chapter 216: Odontogenic Sinusitis - p. 799 227. Chapter 217: Allergic Fungal Sinusitis - p. 801 228. Chapter 218: Invasive Fungal Sinusitis - p. 803 229. Chapter 219: Sinus Mycetoma - p. 807 230. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 809 231. Chapter 220: Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma - p. 809 232. Chapter 221: Sinonasal Osteoma - p. 813 233. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 817 234. Chapter 222: Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 817 235. Chapter 223: Sinonasal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma - p. 821 236. Chapter 224: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma - p. 823 237. Chapter 225: Sinonasal Melanoma - p. 827 238. FIBROOSSEOUS LESIONS - p. 829 239. Chapter 226: Sinonasal Fibrous Dysplasia - p. 829 240. Chapter 227: Sinonasal Ossifying Fibroma - p. 833 241. SECTION 7: MASTICATOR SPACE - p. 837 242. INFECTION - p. 837 243. Chapter 228: Masticator Space Abscess - p. 837 244. DEGENERATIVE - p. 843 245. Chapter 229: Masticator Muscle Atrophy - p. 843 246. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 847 247. Chapter 230: Masticator Space CNV3 Schwannoma - p. 847 248. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 849 249. Chapter 231: Masticator Space Chondrosarcoma - p. 849 250. Chapter 232: Masticator Space Sarcoma - p. 853 251. Chapter 233: Masticator Space CNV3 Perineural Tumor - p. 857 252. MISCELLANEOUS/IDIOPATHIC - p. 861 253. Chapter 234: Benign Masticator Muscle Hypertrophy - p. 861 254. SECTION 8: PAROTID SPACE - p. 863 255. INFLAMMATION - p. 863 256. Chapter 235: Benign Lymphoepithelial Cysts-HIV - p. 863 257. Chapter 236: Parotid Sialadenitis - p. 869 258. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 871 259. Chapter 237: Parotid Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 871 260. Chapter 238: Warthin Tumor - p. 875 261. Chapter 239: Parotid Schwannoma - p. 879 262. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 881 263. Chapter 240: Parotid Malignant Mixed Tumor - p. 881 264. Chapter 241: Parotid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma - p. 883 265. Chapter 242: Parotid Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma - p. 887 266. Chapter 243: Parotid Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - p. 889 267. Chapter 244: Metastatic Disease of Parotid Nodes - p. 893 268. AUTOIMMUNE - p. 897 269. Chapter 245: Parotid Sjögren Syndrome - p. 897 270. Chapter 246: Invasive Pseudotumor (IgG4-Related Disease) - p. 901 271. MISCELLANEOUS/IDIOPATHIC - p. 903 272. Chapter 247: Parotid Sialoliths - p. 903 273. SECTION 9: CERVICAL SPINE - p. 905 274. DEVELOPMENTAL ALTERATIONS - p. 905 275. Chapter 248: C2-C3 Fusion - p. 905 276. Chapter 249: Klippel-Feil Spectrum - p. 909 277. Chapter 250: C1 Assimilation - p. 911 278. Chapter 251: Ponticulus Posticus - p. 913 279. Chapter 252: Ossiculum Terminale - p. 915 280. Chapter 253: Split Atlas - p. 917 281. Chapter 254: Os Odontoideum - p. 919 282. Chapter 255: Os Avis (Fused to Clivus) - p. 923 283. Chapter 256: Odontoid Hypoplasia/Aplasia - p. 925 284. Chapter 257: Failure of Formation - p. 927 285. Chapter 258: Failure of Segmentation - p. 931 286. DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS - p. 935 287. Chapter 259: Degenerative Arthritis of CVJ - p. 935 288. Chapter 260: Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament - p. 939 289. Chapter 261: Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis - p. 943 290. Chapter 262: Cervical Facet Arthropathy - p. 947 291. TUMOR AND TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS - p. 951 292. Chapter 263: Hemangioma, Cervical Spine - p. 951 293. Chapter 264: Lytic and Blastic Metastases - p. 955 294. FIBROOSSEOUS - p. 959 295. Chapter 265: Fibrous Dysplasia, Cervical Spine - p. 959 296. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 961 297. Chapter 266: Tumoral Calcinosis - p. 961 298. Part IV: Differential Diagnoses - p. 963 299. SECTION 1: TEETH - p. 963 300. ALTERATIONS IN TOOTH NUMBER - p. 963 301. Chapter 267: Extra Teeth - p. 963 302. Chapter 268: Missing Teeth - p. 967 303. ALTERATIONS IN TOOTH MORPHOLOGY/SHAPE - p. 969 304. Chapter 269: Crown Changes - p. 969 305. Chapter 270: Root Changes - p. 971 306. SECTION 2: MANDIBLE AND MAXILLA - p. 975 307. ALTERATIONS IN SUPPORTING STRUCTURES OF TEETH - p. 975 308. Chapter 271: Periapical Radiolucencies - p. 975 309. Chapter 272: Periapical Radiopacities and Mixed Lesions - p. 981 310. Chapter 273: Floating Teeth - p. 983 311. Chapter 274: Widened Periodontal Ligament Space - p. 985 312. Chapter 275: Lamina Dura Changes - p. 987 313. RADIOLUCENCIES - p. 991 314. Chapter 276: Well-Defined Unilocular Radiolucencies - p. 991 315. Chapter 277: Pericoronal Radiolucencies Without Radiopacities - p. 995 316. Chapter 278: Pericoronal Radiolucencies With Radiopacities - p. 997 317. Chapter 279: Multilocular Radiolucencies - p. 999 318. Chapter 280: Ill-Defined Radiolucencies - p. 1003 319. Chapter 281: Generalized Rarefaction - p. 1009 320. RADIOPACITIES - p. 1013 321. Chapter 282: Well-Defined Radiopacities - p. 1013 322. Chapter 283: Ground-Glass and Granular Radiopacities - p. 1017 323. Chapter 284: Generalized Radiopacities - p. 1023 324. PERIOSTEAL REACTIONS - p. 1027 325. Chapter 285: Periosteal Reactions - p. 1027 326. SECTION 3: ORAL CAVITY - p. 1033 327. ANATOMICALLY BASED LESIONS - p. 1033 328. Chapter 286: Submandibular Space Lesions - p. 1033 329. Chapter 287: Parotid Space Lesions - p. 1041 330. Chapter 288: Sublingual Space Lesions - p. 1047 331. Chapter 289: Oral Mucosal Space/Surface Lesions - p. 1051 332. Chapter 290: Root-of-Tongue Lesions - p. 1055 333. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 1059 334. Chapter 291: Soft Tissue Calcifications - p. 1059 335. SECTION 4: TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT - p. 1063 336. CHANGES IN CONDYLAR SIZE AND FUNCTION - p. 1063 337. Chapter 292: Small Condyle - p. 1063 338. Chapter 293: Large Condyle - p. 1071 339. Chapter 294: Limited Condylar Translation - p. 1075 340. MASS LESIONS - p. 1079 341. Chapter 295: TMJ Radiolucencies - p. 1079 342. Chapter 296: TMJ Radiopacities - p. 1081 343. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 1085 344. Chapter 297: TMJ Articular Loose Bodies - p. 1085 345. SECTION 5: MAXILLARY SINUS AND NASAL CAVITY - p. 1087 346. NASAL LESIONS - p. 1087 347. Chapter 298: Nasal Septal Perforation - p. 1087 348. Chapter 299: Nasal Lesions Without Bone Destruction - p. 1091 349. Chapter 300: Nasal Lesions With Bone Destruction - p. 1095 350. Chapter 301: Sinonasal Fibroosseous and Cartilaginous Lesions - p. 1099 351. SINUS LESIONS - p. 1101 352. Chapter 302: Paranasal Sinus Lesions Without Bone Destruction - p. 1101 353. Chapter 303: Paranasal Sinus Lesions With Bone Destruction - p. 1105 354. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 1109 355. Chapter 304: Displaced Dental Structures Into Antrum - p. 1109 356. SECTION 6: CERVICAL SPINE - p. 1111 357. Chapter 305: Odontoid Deformity - p. 1111 358. INDEX - p. 1115
Bridging the gap between dentistry and medical radiology, Diagnostic Imaging: Oral and Maxillofacial, third edition, is an invaluable resource for new and seasoned radiologists as well as dental specialists and general practitioners currently using CT and/or cone beam CT (CBCT)—anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference in this complex area of imaging. Drs. Lisa J. Koenig, Dania Tamimi, Susanne Perschbacher, Husniye Demirturk, and their diverse team of oral and maxillofacial radiologists provide up-to-date information on the oral and maxillofacial complex from a dentist’s perspective to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool for readers at all levels of experience as well as a handy reference for daily practice.
Covers the anatomic zones, imaging modalities, patient conditions, and presenting clinical signs and symptoms shared by dentistry and medicine
Incorporates complete and accurate dental anatomy and nomenclature throughout, as well as findings that affect the many aspects of dental treatment
Includes sweeping updates throughout, such as new content on the expanded use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology and a new chapter specifically on AI in oral radiology; a new section on ultrasound use for maxillofacial lesions; new information on sleep-disordered breathing; and new material regarding MR use as it pertains to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Features nearly 5,800 images (in print and online), including CT and CBCT images, radiographs, ultrasound images, full-color illustrations, MR images, 3D reconstruction images, and clinical photographs
Includes 200 diagnoses in chapters organized by anatomic section, with extensive coverage of TMJ disorders
Features more than 35 differential diagnosis chapters that provide a unique and intuitive method for interpreting pathology according to radiographic appearance
Contains comprehensive details on the anatomy of oral and maxillofacial areas, including embryology of the teeth to carotid arteries
Uses bulleted, succinct text and highly templated chapters for quick comprehension of essential information at the point of care
Serves as an excellent review for the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology exam
1. Chapter 38: Introduction to Ultrasound Imaging - p. 255 2. Chapter 39: CBCT Applications in Implant Placement - p. 263 3. Chapter 40: CBCT Applications in Endodontics - p. 269 4. Chapter 41: CBCT Applications in Orthodontics - p. 275 5. Chapter 42: CBCT Analysis of Sleep-Disordered Breathing Risk Factors - p. 283 6. Part III: Diagnoses - p. 293 7. SECTION 1: RADIOLOGIC PATTERNS OF JAW PATHOLOGY - p. 293 8. Chapter 43: Radiologic Patterns of Jaw Pathology - p. 293 9. SECTION 2: TEETH - p. 303 10. DEVELOPMENTAL ALTERATIONS IN SIZE AND SHAPE OF TEETH - p. 303 11. Chapter 44: Hypodontia - p. 303 12. Chapter 45: Hyperdontia - p. 307 13. Chapter 46: Macrodontia, Gemination, and Fusion - p. 309 14. Chapter 47: Microdontia - p. 311 15. Chapter 48: Concrescence - p. 312 16. Chapter 49: Talon Cusp - p. 313 17. Chapter 50: Dens Invaginatus - p. 314 18. Chapter 51: Enamel Pearls - p. 315 19. Chapter 52: Taurodontism - p. 316 20. Chapter 53: Dilaceration - p. 317 21. Chapter 54: Supernumerary Roots - p. 318 22. DEVELOPMENTAL ALTERATIONS IN STRUCTURE OF TEETH - p. 319 23. Chapter 55: Amelogenesis Imperfecta - p. 319 24. Chapter 56: Dentinogenesis Imperfecta - p. 323 25. Chapter 57: Dentin Dysplasia - p. 325 26. Chapter 58: Regional Odontodysplasia - p. 326 27. ACQUIRED ALTERATIONS OF TEETH AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURES - p. 327 28. Chapter 59: Attrition - p. 327 29. Chapter 60: Abrasion - p. 329 30. Chapter 61: Abfraction - p. 330 31. Chapter 62: Erosion - p. 331 32. Chapter 63: Turner Dysplasia - p. 332 33. Chapter 64: Internal and External Resorption - p. 333 34. Chapter 65: Hypercementosis - p. 339 35. TRAUMA - p. 340 36. Chapter 66: Concussion - p. 340 37. Chapter 67: Luxation - p. 341 38. Chapter 68: Dentoalveolar Fractures - p. 345 39. INFECTION/INFLAMMATION - p. 351 40. Chapter 69: Dental Caries - p. 351 41. Chapter 70: Periapical Rarefying Osteitis - p. 355 42. Chapter 71: Periapical Sclerosing Osteitis - p. 359 43. Chapter 72: Periodontal Disease - p. 361 44. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 367 45. Chapter 73: Gubernaculum Dentis - p. 367 46. SECTION 3: ORAL CAVITY - p. 369 47. CONGENITAL/GENETIC - p. 369 48. Chapter 74: Submandibular Space Accessory Salivary Tissue - p. 369 49. Chapter 75: Lingual Thyroid - p. 373 50. Chapter 76: Oral Cavity Dermoid and Epidermoid - p. 375 51. Chapter 77: Submandibular Gland Aplasia-Hypoplasia - p. 379 52. Chapter 78: Foregut Duplication Cyst in Tongue - p. 381 53. INFECTION - p. 383 54. Chapter 79: Oral Cavity Soft Tissue Infections - p. 383 55. INFLAMMATION - p. 387 56. Chapter 80: Ranula - p. 387 57. Chapter 81: Submandibular Gland Sialadenitis - p. 391 58. Chapter 82: Oral Cavity Sialocele - p. 393 59. Chapter 83: Submandibular Gland Mucocele - p. 395 60. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 397 61. Chapter 84: Sublingual Gland Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 397 62. Chapter 85: Submandibular Gland Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 399 63. Chapter 86: Palate Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 401 64. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 403 65. Chapter 87: Oral Cavity Minor Salivary Gland Malignancy - p. 403 66. Chapter 88: Sublingual Gland Carcinoma - p. 405 67. Chapter 89: Submandibular Gland Carcinoma - p. 407 68. Chapter 90: Submandibular Space Nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - p. 409 69. Chapter 91: Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 411 70. Chapter 92: Floor of Mouth Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 415 71. Chapter 93: Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 417 72. Chapter 94: Retromolar Trigone Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 419 73. Chapter 95: Submandibular Space Nodal Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 421 74. Chapter 96: Buccal Mucosa Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 423 75. Chapter 97: Hard Palate Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 425 76. MISCELLANEOUS/IDIOPATHIC - p. 427 77. Chapter 98: Hypoglossal Nerve Motor Denervation - p. 427 78. Chapter 99: Submandibular Sialoliths - p. 429 79. SECTION 4: MANDIBLE AND MAXILLA - p. 431 80. NORMAL VARIANTS - p. 431 81. Chapter 100: Buccal and Palatal Exostoses - p. 431 82. Chapter 101: Mandibular Torus - p. 435 83. Chapter 102: Palatal Torus - p. 437 84. Chapter 103: Accessory Mandibular Canal - p. 439 85. Chapter 104: Mandibular Salivary Gland Defect (Stafne) - p. 441 86. Chapter 105: Mandible-Maxilla Idiopathic Osteosclerosis - p. 445 87. CONGENITAL/GENETIC - p. 447 88. Chapter 106: Cleft Lip and Palate - p. 447 89. Chapter 107: Cherubism - p. 451 90. Chapter 108: Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome - p. 453 91. Chapter 109: Cleidocranial Dysplasia - p. 455 92. Chapter 110: Pierre Robin Sequence - p. 457 93. Chapter 111: Treacher Collins Syndrome - p. 459 94. Chapter 112: Craniosynostoses (Crouzon) - p. 461 95. Chapter 113: Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) - p. 463 96. Chapter 114: Mucopolysaccharidosis - p. 465 97. Chapter 115: CHARGE Syndrome - p. 466 98. TRAUMA - p. 467 99. Chapter 116: Mandible Fracture - p. 467 100. Chapter 117: Nasoorbitalethmoid Fracture - p. 471 101. Chapter 118: Complex Midfacial Fracture - p. 473 102. Chapter 119: Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture - p. 475 103. Chapter 120: Transfacial Fractures (Le Fort) - p. 477 104. INFECTION/INFLAMMATION - p. 481 105. Chapter 121: Mandible-Maxilla Osteomyelitis - p. 481 106. Chapter 122: Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis - p. 485 107. Chapter 123: Mandible-Maxilla Osteoradionecrosis - p. 489 108. Chapter 124: Mandible-Maxilla Osteonecrosis - p. 493 109. CYSTS, ODONTOGENIC - p. 497 110. Chapter 125: Dentigerous Cyst - p. 497 111. Chapter 126: Odontogenic Keratocyst - p. 501 112. Chapter 127: Lateral Periodontal Cyst - p. 505 113. Chapter 128: Residual Cyst - p. 507 114. Chapter 129: Buccal Bifurcation Cyst - p. 509 115. Chapter 130: Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst - p. 513 116. CYSTS, NONODONTOGENIC - p. 515 117. Chapter 131: Mandible-Maxilla Aneurysmal Bone Cyst - p. 515 118. Chapter 132: Nasopalatine Duct Cyst - p. 519 119. Chapter 133: Nasolabial Cyst - p. 523 120. Chapter 134: Mandible-Maxilla Simple (Traumatic) Bone Cyst - p. 525 121. FIBROOSSEOUS LESIONS - p. 529 122. Chapter 135: Periapical Cementoosseous Dysplasia - p. 529 123. Chapter 136: Florid Cementoosseous Dysplasia - p. 533 124. Chapter 137: Cementoossifying Fibroma - p. 537 125. Chapter 138: Mandible-Maxilla Fibrous Dysplasia - p. 541 126. Chapter 139: Segmental Odontomaxillary Dysplasia - p. 547 127. METABOLIC/SYSTEMIC - p. 549 128. Chapter 140: Paget Disease - p. 549 129. NEOPLASM, BENIGN, ODONTOGENIC - p. 553 130. Chapter 141: Odontoma - p. 553 131. Chapter 142: Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor - p. 557 132. Chapter 143: Ameloblastoma - p. 559 133. Chapter 144: Ameloblastic Fibroma - p. 563 134. Chapter 145: Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma - p. 567 135. Chapter 146: Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor - p. 569 136. Chapter 147: Cementoblastoma - p. 571 137. Chapter 148: Odontogenic Myxoma - p. 573 138. Chapter 149: Central Odontogenic Fibroma - p. 575 139. NEOPLASM, BENIGN, NONODONTOGENIC - p. 577 140. Chapter 150: Central (Intraosseous) Hemangioma - p. 577 141. Chapter 151: Osteoid Osteoma - p. 579 142. Chapter 152: Osteoblastoma - p. 581 143. Chapter 153: Mandible-Maxilla Osteoma - p. 583 144. Chapter 154: Nerve Sheath Tumor - p. 585 145. Chapter 155: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 - p. 589 146. Chapter 156: Desmoplastic Fibroma - p. 593 147. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT, ODONTOGENIC - p. 595 148. Chapter 157: Malignant Ameloblastoma and Ameloblastic Carcinoma - p. 595 149. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT, NONODONTOGENIC - p. 597 150. Chapter 158: Mandible-Maxilla Metastasis - p. 597 151. Chapter 159: Mandible-Maxilla Osteosarcoma - p. 603 152. Chapter 160: Mandible-Maxilla Chondrosarcoma - p. 607 153. Chapter 161: Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma - p. 611 154. Chapter 162: Central Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma - p. 613 155. Chapter 163: Burkitt Lymphoma - p. 615 156. Chapter 164: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Pharyngeal Mucosal Space - p. 619 157. Chapter 165: Multiple Myeloma - p. 623 158. Chapter 166: Ewing Sarcoma - p. 627 159. Chapter 167: Leukemia - p. 629 160. TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS - p. 631 161. Chapter 168: Mandible-Maxilla Central Giant Cell Granuloma - p. 631 162. Chapter 169: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis - p. 635 163. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS - p. 639 164. Chapter 170: Bell Palsy - p. 639 165. Chapter 171: Hemifacial Spasm - p. 640 166. Chapter 172: Trigeminal Neuralgia - p. 641 167. AUTOIMMUNE - p. 643 168. Chapter 173: Systemic Sclerosis - p. 643 169. SECTION 5: TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT - p. 645 170. CONGENITAL DISORDERS - p. 645 171. Chapter 174: Condylar Aplasia - p. 645 172. Chapter 175: Hemifacial Microsomia - p. 649 173. DEVELOPMENTAL ACQUIRED DISORDERS - p. 653 174. Chapter 176: Condylar Hypoplasia - p. 653 175. Chapter 177: Condylar Hyperplasia - p. 657 176. Chapter 178: Coronoid Hyperplasia - p. 663 177. Chapter 179: Hemimandibular Elongation - p. 667 178. Chapter 180: Fibrous Ankylosis - p. 671 179. Chapter 181: Bony Ankylosis - p. 673 180. TRAUMA - p. 675 181. Chapter 182: TMJ Fractures - p. 675 182. Chapter 183: TMJ Dislocation - p. 681 183. Chapter 184: Bifid Condyle - p. 683 184. Chapter 185: TMJ Osteochondritis Dissecans - p. 687 185. INFLAMMATION - p. 689 186. Chapter 186: TMJ Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 689 187. Chapter 187: TMJ Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - p. 695 188. Chapter 188: Septic Arthritis - p. 701 189. Chapter 189: TMJ Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis - p. 705 190. DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS - p. 707 191. Chapter 190: Degenerative Joint Disease - p. 707 192. Chapter 191: Idiopathic Condylar Resorption - p. 711 193. Chapter 192: TMJ Synovial Cyst - p. 717 194. Chapter 193: TMJ Ganglion Cyst - p. 719 195. DISC DERANGEMENT DISORDERS - p. 721 196. Chapter 194: Disc Displacement With Reduction - p. 721 197. Chapter 195: Disc Displacement Without Reduction - p. 727 198. Chapter 196: Adhesions - p. 733 199. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 735 200. Chapter 197: TMJ Osteoma - p. 735 201. Chapter 198: TMJ Osteochondroma - p. 737 202. TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS - p. 743 203. Chapter 199: TMJ Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease - p. 743 204. Chapter 200: TMJ Primary Synovial Chondromatosis - p. 747 205. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 751 206. Chapter 201: TMJ Osteosarcoma - p. 751 207. Chapter 202: TMJ Chondrosarcoma - p. 753 208. Chapter 203: TMJ Metastasis - p. 757 209. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 759 210. Chapter 204: TMJ Simple (Traumatic) Bone Cyst - p. 759 211. Chapter 205: TMJ, Aneurysmal Bone Cyst - p. 761 212. SECTION 6: MAXILLARY SINUS AND NASAL CAVITY - p. 765 213. NORMAL VARIANTS - p. 765 214. Chapter 206: Deviated Nasal Septum - p. 765 215. Chapter 207: Concha Bullosa - p. 769 216. Chapter 208: Accessory Ostia - p. 771 217. DEVELOPMENTAL - p. 773 218. Chapter 209: Hypoplasia/Aplasia - p. 773 219. INFLAMMATION - p. 777 220. Chapter 210: Mucus Retention Pseudocyst - p. 777 221. Chapter 211: Sinonasal Mucocele - p. 779 222. Chapter 212: Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener) - p. 783 223. Chapter 213: Sinonasal Polyposis - p. 787 224. Chapter 214: Acute Rhinosinusitis - p. 791 225. Chapter 215: Chronic Rhinosinusitis - p. 795 226. Chapter 216: Odontogenic Sinusitis - p. 799 227. Chapter 217: Allergic Fungal Sinusitis - p. 801 228. Chapter 218: Invasive Fungal Sinusitis - p. 803 229. Chapter 219: Sinus Mycetoma - p. 807 230. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 809 231. Chapter 220: Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma - p. 809 232. Chapter 221: Sinonasal Osteoma - p. 813 233. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 817 234. Chapter 222: Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma - p. 817 235. Chapter 223: Sinonasal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma - p. 821 236. Chapter 224: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma - p. 823 237. Chapter 225: Sinonasal Melanoma - p. 827 238. FIBROOSSEOUS LESIONS - p. 829 239. Chapter 226: Sinonasal Fibrous Dysplasia - p. 829 240. Chapter 227: Sinonasal Ossifying Fibroma - p. 833 241. SECTION 7: MASTICATOR SPACE - p. 837 242. INFECTION - p. 837 243. Chapter 228: Masticator Space Abscess - p. 837 244. DEGENERATIVE - p. 843 245. Chapter 229: Masticator Muscle Atrophy - p. 843 246. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 847 247. Chapter 230: Masticator Space CNV3 Schwannoma - p. 847 248. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 849 249. Chapter 231: Masticator Space Chondrosarcoma - p. 849 250. Chapter 232: Masticator Space Sarcoma - p. 853 251. Chapter 233: Masticator Space CNV3 Perineural Tumor - p. 857 252. MISCELLANEOUS/IDIOPATHIC - p. 861 253. Chapter 234: Benign Masticator Muscle Hypertrophy - p. 861 254. SECTION 8: PAROTID SPACE - p. 863 255. INFLAMMATION - p. 863 256. Chapter 235: Benign Lymphoepithelial Cysts-HIV - p. 863 257. Chapter 236: Parotid Sialadenitis - p. 869 258. NEOPLASM, BENIGN - p. 871 259. Chapter 237: Parotid Benign Mixed Tumor - p. 871 260. Chapter 238: Warthin Tumor - p. 875 261. Chapter 239: Parotid Schwannoma - p. 879 262. NEOPLASM, MALIGNANT - p. 881 263. Chapter 240: Parotid Malignant Mixed Tumor - p. 881 264. Chapter 241: Parotid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma - p. 883 265. Chapter 242: Parotid Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma - p. 887 266. Chapter 243: Parotid Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - p. 889 267. Chapter 244: Metastatic Disease of Parotid Nodes - p. 893 268. AUTOIMMUNE - p. 897 269. Chapter 245: Parotid Sjögren Syndrome - p. 897 270. Chapter 246: Invasive Pseudotumor (IgG4-Related Disease) - p. 901 271. MISCELLANEOUS/IDIOPATHIC - p. 903 272. Chapter 247: Parotid Sialoliths - p. 903 273. SECTION 9: CERVICAL SPINE - p. 905 274. DEVELOPMENTAL ALTERATIONS - p. 905 275. Chapter 248: C2-C3 Fusion - p. 905 276. Chapter 249: Klippel-Feil Spectrum - p. 909 277. Chapter 250: C1 Assimilation - p. 911 278. Chapter 251: Ponticulus Posticus - p. 913 279. Chapter 252: Ossiculum Terminale - p. 915 280. Chapter 253: Split Atlas - p. 917 281. Chapter 254: Os Odontoideum - p. 919 282. Chapter 255: Os Avis (Fused to Clivus) - p. 923 283. Chapter 256: Odontoid Hypoplasia/Aplasia - p. 925 284. Chapter 257: Failure of Formation - p. 927 285. Chapter 258: Failure of Segmentation - p. 931 286. DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS - p. 935 287. Chapter 259: Degenerative Arthritis of CVJ - p. 935 288. Chapter 260: Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament - p. 939 289. Chapter 261: Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis - p. 943 290. Chapter 262: Cervical Facet Arthropathy - p. 947 291. TUMOR AND TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS - p. 951 292. Chapter 263: Hemangioma, Cervical Spine - p. 951 293. Chapter 264: Lytic and Blastic Metastases - p. 955 294. FIBROOSSEOUS - p. 959 295. Chapter 265: Fibrous Dysplasia, Cervical Spine - p. 959 296. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 961 297. Chapter 266: Tumoral Calcinosis - p. 961 298. Part IV: Differential Diagnoses - p. 963 299. SECTION 1: TEETH - p. 963 300. ALTERATIONS IN TOOTH NUMBER - p. 963 301. Chapter 267: Extra Teeth - p. 963 302. Chapter 268: Missing Teeth - p. 967 303. ALTERATIONS IN TOOTH MORPHOLOGY/SHAPE - p. 969 304. Chapter 269: Crown Changes - p. 969 305. Chapter 270: Root Changes - p. 971 306. SECTION 2: MANDIBLE AND MAXILLA - p. 975 307. ALTERATIONS IN SUPPORTING STRUCTURES OF TEETH - p. 975 308. Chapter 271: Periapical Radiolucencies - p. 975 309. Chapter 272: Periapical Radiopacities and Mixed Lesions - p. 981 310. Chapter 273: Floating Teeth - p. 983 311. Chapter 274: Widened Periodontal Ligament Space - p. 985 312. Chapter 275: Lamina Dura Changes - p. 987 313. RADIOLUCENCIES - p. 991 314. Chapter 276: Well-Defined Unilocular Radiolucencies - p. 991 315. Chapter 277: Pericoronal Radiolucencies Without Radiopacities - p. 995 316. Chapter 278: Pericoronal Radiolucencies With Radiopacities - p. 997 317. Chapter 279: Multilocular Radiolucencies - p. 999 318. Chapter 280: Ill-Defined Radiolucencies - p. 1003 319. Chapter 281: Generalized Rarefaction - p. 1009 320. RADIOPACITIES - p. 1013 321. Chapter 282: Well-Defined Radiopacities - p. 1013 322. Chapter 283: Ground-Glass and Granular Radiopacities - p. 1017 323. Chapter 284: Generalized Radiopacities - p. 1023 324. PERIOSTEAL REACTIONS - p. 1027 325. Chapter 285: Periosteal Reactions - p. 1027 326. SECTION 3: ORAL CAVITY - p. 1033 327. ANATOMICALLY BASED LESIONS - p. 1033 328. Chapter 286: Submandibular Space Lesions - p. 1033 329. Chapter 287: Parotid Space Lesions - p. 1041 330. Chapter 288: Sublingual Space Lesions - p. 1047 331. Chapter 289: Oral Mucosal Space/Surface Lesions - p. 1051 332. Chapter 290: Root-of-Tongue Lesions - p. 1055 333. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 1059 334. Chapter 291: Soft Tissue Calcifications - p. 1059 335. SECTION 4: TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT - p. 1063 336. CHANGES IN CONDYLAR SIZE AND FUNCTION - p. 1063 337. Chapter 292: Small Condyle - p. 1063 338. Chapter 293: Large Condyle - p. 1071 339. Chapter 294: Limited Condylar Translation - p. 1075 340. MASS LESIONS - p. 1079 341. Chapter 295: TMJ Radiolucencies - p. 1079 342. Chapter 296: TMJ Radiopacities - p. 1081 343. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 1085 344. Chapter 297: TMJ Articular Loose Bodies - p. 1085 345. SECTION 5: MAXILLARY SINUS AND NASAL CAVITY - p. 1087 346. NASAL LESIONS - p. 1087 347. Chapter 298: Nasal Septal Perforation - p. 1087 348. Chapter 299: Nasal Lesions Without Bone Destruction - p. 1091 349. Chapter 300: Nasal Lesions With Bone Destruction - p. 1095 350. Chapter 301: Sinonasal Fibroosseous and Cartilaginous Lesions - p. 1099 351. SINUS LESIONS - p. 1101 352. Chapter 302: Paranasal Sinus Lesions Without Bone Destruction - p. 1101 353. Chapter 303: Paranasal Sinus Lesions With Bone Destruction - p. 1105 354. MISCELLANEOUS - p. 1109 355. Chapter 304: Displaced Dental Structures Into Antrum - p. 1109 356. SECTION 6: CERVICAL SPINE - p. 1111 357. Chapter 305: Odontoid Deformity - p. 1111 358. INDEX - p. 1115
