Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry

1. Introduction to the Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry - p. iii 2. Permissions Acknowledgment - p. iii 3. List of Illustrations - p. iii 4. List of Tables - p. iii 5. Volume 1 - p. iii 6. Metabolism - p. iii 7. Chapter 1: Amino Acids | Amino Acid Metabolism - p. iii 8. Chapter 2: Amino Acids | Branched-Chain Amino Metabolism - p. iii 9. Chapter 3: Amino Acids | Aromatic Amino Acid Metabolism Across Species - p. iii 10. Chapter 4: Amino Acids | Gamma-Glutamyl Transferases - p. iii 11. Chapter 5: Amino Acids | Glutamate Dehydrogenase: An Anaplerotic Enzyme in Neurons and an Energy Producing Enzyme in Astrocytes - p. iii 12. Chapter 6: Amino Acids | Glutamine - p. iii 13. Chapter 7: Amino Acids | Glutathione - p. iii 14. Chapter 8: Amino Acids | Ornithine Cycle - p. iii 15. Chapter 9: Amino Acids | Peptidylglycine α-Amidating Monooxygenase (PAM) - p. iii 16. Chapter 10: Amino Acids | Sulfur Amino Acid-Restricted Diets: Mechanisms and Health Benefits - p. iii 17. Chapter 11: Amino Acids | Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism - p. iii 18. Chapter 12: Amino Acids | Nitrogen Utilization in Plants I Biological and Agronomic Importance - p. iii 19. Chapter 13: Energy Metabolism | Glycolysis Overview - p. iii 20. Chapter 14: Energy Metabolism | Hexokinase/Glucokinase - p. iii 21. Chapter 15: Energy Metabolism | Phosphofructokinase-2/Fructose Bisphosphatase-2 - p. iii 22. Chapter 16: Energy Metabolism | Pyruvate Kinase - p. iii 23. Chapter 17: Energy Metabolism | Gluconeogenesis - p. iii 24. Chapter 18: Energy Metabolism | Glucose/Sugar Transport in Mammals - p. iii 25. Chapter 19: Energy Metabolism | Glucose/Sugar Transport in Bacteria - p. iii 26. Chapter 20: Energy Metabolism | Glycogen Metabolism - p. iii 27. Chapter 21: Energy Metabolism | Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 - p. iii 28. Chapter 22: Energy Metabolism | Mitochondrial Transporters of the Solute Carrier 25 (SLC25) Superfamily - p. iii 29. Chapter 23: Energy Metabolism | Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle - p. iii 30. Chapter 24: Energy Metabolism | Structure and Regulation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenases - p. iii 31. Chapter 25: Energy Metabolism | 2-Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex - p. iii 32. Chapter 26: Energy Metabolism | Anaplerosis - p. iii 33. Chapter 27: Energy Metabolism | Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Central Nervous System - p. iii 34. Chapter 28: Energy Metabolism | Brain Energy Metabolism - p. iii 35. Chapter 29: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Biochemistry of Thiamine and Thiamine Phosphate Compounds - p. iii 36. Chapter 30: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Biochemistry: Niacin/NAD(P) - p. iii 37. Chapter 31: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Biosynthesis of Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) and Related Corrinoids - p. iii 38. Chapter 32: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Biotin - p. iii 39. Chapter 33: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Cysteamine - p. iii 40. Chapter 34: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Heme Synthesis - p. iii 41. Chapter 35: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Iron-Sulfur Clusters: Biogenesis, Roles and their Identification in the Cellular Proteins - p. iii 42. Chapter 36: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Porphyrin Metabolism in Eukaryotes - p. iii 43. Chapter 37: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Porphyrin Metabolism in Prokaryotes - p. iii 44. Chapter 38: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Pteridines - p. iii 45. Chapter 39: Cofactors and Coenzymes | Pyridoxal Phosphate - p. iii 46. Chapter 40: Diseases & Disorders | Diabetes - p. iii 47. Chapter 41: Diseases & Disorders | Fatty Acid Metabolism and Cancer - p. iii 48. Chapter 42: Diseases & Disorders | Luft׳s Disease - p. iii 49. Chapter 43: Diseases & Disorders | Metabolic Control during Ischemia of the Heart - p. iii 50. Chapter 44: Diseases & Disorders | Metabolomics: An Emerging Platform for Treatment and Diagnosis in Human Disease - p. iii 51. Chapter 45: Diseases & Disorders | Therapies Targeting Glutamine Addiction in Cancer - p. iii 52. Chapter 46: Diseases & Disorders | Urea Cycle: Disease Aspects - p. iii 53. Chapter 47: Lipids | Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetases - p. iii 54. Chapter 48: Lipids | Fatty Acid Structure and Synthesis - p. iii 55. Chapter 49: Lipids | Carnitine and β-Oxidation - p. iii 56. Chapter 50: Lipids | Fatty Acid Oxidation - p. iii 57. Chapter 51: Lipids | Adipocyte Fat Mobilization: Regulatory Functions Involving Perilipin 1, Adipose Triglyceride Lipase, and Hormone-Sensitive Lipase - p. iii 58. Chapter 52: Lipids | Peroxisomal Metabolism - p. iii 59. Chapter 53: Lipids | Peroxisomes - p. iii 60. Chapter 54: Regulation | AAA-ATPases - p. iii 61. Chapter 55: Regulation | Anorexigenic and Orexigenic Gut Peptides - p. iii 62. Chapter 56: Regulation | Biomolecular Condensates and Membraneless Organelles (MLOs) - p. iii 63. Chapter 57: Regulation | Monoamine Oxidases - p. iii 64. Chapter 58: Regulation | Gastrointestinal Digestion and Absorption - p. iii 65. Chapter 59: Regulation | Indicators of Intracellular Calcium - p. iii 66. Chapter 60: Regulation | Insect Biochemistry/Hormones - p. iii 67. Chapter 61: Regulation | Insulin Mechanisms/Metabolic Actions - p. iii 68. Chapter 62: Regulation | Insulin- and Glucagon-Secreting Cells of the Pancreas - p. iii 69. Chapter 63: Regulation | Metabolite Channeling in Energy Metabolism - p. iii 70. Chapter 64: Regulation | Metabolic Roles of Adiponectin - p. iii 71. Chapter 65: Regulation | Metabolic Roles of Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Neuropeptides - p. iii 72. Chapter 66: Regulation | mTOR and its Substrates - p. iii 73. Chapter 67: Regulation | Post Translational Modifications by Succinylation and Acetylation - p. iii 74. Chapter 68: Regulation | Pyrimidine Biosynthesis and Degradation (Catabolism) - p. iii 75. Chapter 69: Regulation | Quinone Reductase 2: From Classical Role in Detoxification to Emerging Role as a Novel Regulator of Cellular Activities - p. iii 76. Chapter 70: Regulation | Regulation of Body Weight by Malonyl-CoA in the CNS - p. iii 77. Chapter 71: Regulation | Roles of Micro-RNAs in Metabolism - p. iii 78. Chapter 72: Regulation | Transcriptional and Post-translational Regulation of the Dimethylarginines ADMA and SDMA and Their Impact on the L-arginine – Nitric Oxide Pathway - p. iii 79. Chapter 73: Methods | 13C MRS Measurements of in Vivo Rates of the Glutamate/Glutamine and GABA/Glutamine Neurotransmitter Cycles - p. iii 80. Chapter 74: Methods | Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Measurement of In Vivo Brain Metabolism - p. iii 81. Volume 2 - p. iii 82. Bioenergy - p. iii 83. Chapter 75: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Bioenergetics: General Definition of Principles - p. iii 84. Chapter 76: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Chemiosmotic Theory - p. iii 85. Chapter 77: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Energy Conservation and Growth by Anaerobic Bacteria - p. iii 86. Chapter 78: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Chemolithotrophy - p. iii 87. Chapter 79: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Periplasmic Electron-Transport Systems in Bacteria - p. iii 88. Chapter 80: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Proton Pumping in the Respiratory Chain - p. iii 89. Chapter 81: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Quinones - p. iii 90. Chapter 82: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Iron–Sulfur Proteins - p. iii 91. Chapter 83: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Hydrogenases Structure and Function - p. iii 92. Chapter 84: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Heme Synthesis Three Ways - p. iii 93. Chapter 85: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Ferredoxin-NADP+ Reductase - p. iii 94. Chapter 86: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Cytochrome c Assembly - p. iii 95. Chapter 87: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | The Shells of Bacterial Microcompartments - p. iii 96. Chapter 88: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Cytochrome P450 - p. iii 97. Chapter 89: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Flavin-Based Electron Bifurcation - p. iii 98. Chapter 90: Bioenergetics Theory and Components | Respiratory Alternative Complex III – Structural and Functional Insights - p. iii 99. Chapter 91: Photosynthesis | Photosynthesis - p. iii 100. Chapter 92: Photosynthesis | Chlorophylls - p. iii 101. Chapter 93: Photosynthesis | Carotenoids in Photosynthesis – Structure and Biosynthesis - p. iii 102. Chapter 94: Photosynthesis | Chloroplasts - p. iii 103. Chapter 95: Photosynthesis | The Photosystem I Complex of Oxygenic Photosynthesis - p. iii 104. Chapter 96: Photosynthesis | Photosystem II: Assembly and Turnover of the Reaction Center D1 Protein in Plant Chloroplasts - p. iii 105. Chapter 97: Photosynthesis | Photosystem II: Protein Components, Structure and Electron Transfer - p. iii 106. Chapter 98: Photosynthesis | Photosystem II: Water Oxidation, Overview - p. iii 107. Chapter 99: Photosynthesis | Light-Harvesting Complex I and II - Pigments and Proteins - p. iii 108. Chapter 100: Photosynthesis | Long Wavelength Pigments in Photosynthesis - p. iii 109. Chapter 101: Photosynthesis | Photosynthetic Efficiency Improvement - p. iii 110. Chapter 102: Photosynthesis | Phycobilisome Antennae and Chromatic Acclimation - p. iii 111. Chapter 103: Photosynthesis | The Phycobilisome - p. iii 112. Chapter 104: Photosynthesis | The Purple Photosynthetic Bacterial Light Harvesting System - p. iii 113. Chapter 105: Photosynthesis | Purple Bacteria: Electron Acceptors and Donors - p. iii 114. Chapter 106: Photosynthesis | Purple Bacteria: Photosynthetic Reaction Centers - p. iii 115. Chapter 107: Photosynthesis | Green Bacteria – Energy Transfer and Electron Transport - p. iii 116. Chapter 108: Photosynthesis | The Heliobacteria - p. iii 117. Chapter 109: Photosynthesis | Algal Hydrogen Production - p. iii 118. Chapter 110: Photosynthesis | The Orange Carotenoid Protein and the Regulation of Energy Transfer in Cyanobacteria - p. iii 119. Chapter 111: Photosynthesis | Photoinhibition and Photoprotection in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria - p. iii 120. Chapter 112: Photosynthesis | Mechanisms and Regulation of Photosynthetic Cyclic Electron Flow Around Photosystem I - p. iii 121. Chapter 113: Photosynthesis | Photosynthetic Carbon Dioxide Fixation - p. iii 122. Chapter 114: Photosynthesis | Plastocyanin - p. iii 123. Chapter 115: Photosynthesis | Chloroplast Signaling and Redox Control - p. iii 124. Chapter 116: Photosynthesis | Structure-Function of the Cytochrome b6f Lipoprotein Complex - p. iii 125. Chapter 117: Photosynthesis | Bacteriorhodopsin and Related Proteins - p. iii 126. Chapter 118: Photosynthesis | Respiration in Phototrophic Microorganisms - p. iii 127. Chapter 119: Respiration | Bioenergetics and the Mitochondrial Genome - p. iii 128. Chapter 120: Respiration | Giant Mitochondria (Megamitochondria) - p. iii 129. Chapter 121: Respiration | Mitochondrial Calcium Transport: Historical Aspects - p. iii 130. Chapter 122: Respiration | ATP Synthesis: Mitochondrial Cyanide-Resistant Terminal Oxidases - p. iii 131. Chapter 123: Respiration | Mitochondrial Dynamics - p. iii 132. Chapter 124: Respiration | Mitochondria: Source and Target of Free Radicals - p. iii 133. Chapter 125: Respiration | Respiratory Chain Complex I - p. iii 134. Chapter 126: Respiration | Respiratory Chain Complex II and Succinate: Quinone Oxidoreductases - p. iii 135. Chapter 127: Respiration | Cytochrome bc1 Complex (Respiratory Chain Complex III) - p. iii 136. Chapter 128: Respiration | Respiratory Chain Complex IV - p. iii 137. Chapter 129: Respiration | F-ATPases - p. iii 138. Chapter 130: Respiration | Cytochrome Oxidases, Bacterial - p. iii 139. Chapter 131: Respiration | Nuclear Genes Involved in Mitochondrial Function and Biogenesis - p. iii 140. Chapter 132: Respiration | Plant Mitochondria – Substrates, Inhibitors, Uncouplers - p. iii 141. Chapter 133: Electrons and Protons | Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species: Interactions with Mitochondria and Pathophysiology - p. iii 142. Chapter 134: Electrons and Protons | Renewable Hydrogen From Biomass Fermentation - p. iii 143. Chapter 135: Electrons and Protons | Superoxide Dismutase - p. iii 144. Chapter 136: Electrons and Protons | Uncoupling Proteins - p. iii 145. Chapter 137: Electrons and Protons | V-ATPases - p. iii 146. Chapter 138: Electrons and Protons | Peroxidase Biochemistry and Redox Signaling - p. iii 147. Chapter 139: Electrons and Protons | Nitrogenase - p. iii 148. Chapter 140: Electrons and Protons | Glutathione Peroxidases - p. iii 149. Lipids, Carbohydrates, Membranes - p. iii 150. Chapter 141: Carbohydrates | Carbohydrate Chains: Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis - p. iii 151. Chapter 142: Carbohydrates | Carbohydrate-Responsive Element Binding Protein (ChREBP) - p. iii 152. Chapter 143: Carbohydrates | Free Oligosaccharides Structurally Related to N- and O-Linked Glycans - p. iii 153. Chapter 144: Carbohydrates | Glycosylation, Congenital Disorders of - p. iii 154. Chapter 145: Carbohydrates | Neoglycoproteins - p. iii 155. Chapter 146: Carbohydrates | N-Linked Glycan Processing Glucosidases and Mannosidases - p. iii 156. Chapter 147: Carbohydrates | O-Linked GlcNAc Biosynthesis, Function, and Medicinal Implications - p. iii 157. Chapter 148: Carbohydrates | Proteoglycans - p. iii 158. Chapter 149: Lipids | Glycan-Dependent Cell Adhesion Processes - p. iii 159. Chapter 150: Lipids | Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchors - p. iii 160. Chapter 151: Lipids | Glycerolipid Structure, Function, and Synthesis in Eukaryotes - p. iii 161. Chapter 152: Lipids | Phospholipid Synthesis in Yeast - p. iii 162. Chapter 153: Lipids | Biosynthesis, Remodeling, and Turnover of Cardiolipin - p. iii 163. Chapter 154: Lipids | Very Long Fatty Acids in Health and Disease - p. iii 164. Chapter 155: Lipids | Nutritional Regulation of Fatty Acid Desaturases - p. iii 165. Chapter 156: Lipids | Biogenesis of Lipid Droplets - p. iii 166. Chapter 157: Lipids | Cholesterol Synthesis and Regulation - p. iii 167. Chapter 158: Lipids | Bile Salts - p. iii 168. Chapter 159: Lipids | Phospholipase A in Animals and Plants - p. iii 169. Chapter 160: Lipids | Phospholipase C - p. iii 170. Chapter 161: Lipids | Phospholipase D - p. iii 171. Chapter 162: Lipids | The Endocannabinoid System - p. iii 172. Chapter 163: Lipids | Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes - p. iii 173. Chapter 164: Lipids | Jasmonate Metabolism: Shaping Signals for Plant Stress Adaptation and Development - p. iii 174. Chapter 165: Membrane organization | Membrane Fusion - p. iii 175. Chapter 166: Membrane organization | Lipid Bilayer Structure - p. iii 176. Chapter 167: Membrane organization | Lipid Rafts - p. iii 177. Chapter 168: Membrane organization | Topography and Functions of Membrane Contact Sites - p. iii 178. Chapter 169: Membrane organization | Lipid Modification of Proteins: Regulation of Protein Localization and Function - p. iii 179. Chapter 170: Membrane organization | Regulated Intramembrane Proteolysis (Rip) - p. iii 180. Chapter 171: Membrane organization | Lipid Transporters: Flippases, Floppases and Scramblases - p. iii 181. Chapter 172: Membrane organization | Mitochondrial Membranes, Structural Organization - p. iii 182. Chapter 173: Membrane organization | Friedreich׳s Ataxia - p. iii 183. Chapter 174: Membrane Transport | Membrane Transport, General Concepts - p. iii 184. Chapter 175: Membrane Transport | The Ion Channel Protein Superfamily - p. iii 185. Chapter 176: Membrane Transport | Voltage-Dependent K+ Channels - p. iii 186. Chapter 177: Membrane Transport | Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels - p. iii 187. Chapter 178: Membrane Transport | Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: Structure, Function, and Pathophysiology - p. iii 188. Chapter 179: Membrane Transport | Store-Operated ORAI Calcium Channel - p. iii 189. Chapter 180: Membrane Transport | Transient Receptor Potential Channels - p. iii 190. Chapter 181: Membrane Transport | Arachidonic Acid (Leukotriene C4) Regulated Calcium Channel - p. iii 191. Chapter 182: Membrane Transport | Ligand-Operated Membrane Channels: Calcium (Glutamate) - p. iii 192. Chapter 183: Membrane Transport | Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Ion Channels - p. iii 193. Chapter 184: Membrane Transport | Cyclic ADP-RIBOSE and NAADP: Two Pyridine Nucleotide Ca2+ Mobilizing Messengers Targeting Intracellular Ca2+ Release Channels - p. iii 194. Chapter 185: Membrane Transport | The Sodium-Calcium Exchanger: Structural Aspects - p. iii 195. Chapter 186: Membrane Transport | Membrane Transporters: Na+/Ca2+ Exchangers - p. iii 196. Chapter 187: Membrane Transport | Aquaporin Water Channels - p. iii 197. Chapter 188: Membrane Transport | Potassium Channels in the Inner Membrane of Mitochondria in Various Organisms: From Unicellular Eukaryotes to Higher Plants and Mammals - p. iii 198. Chapter 189: Membrane Transport | Mitochondrial Outer Membrane and the VDAC Channel - p. iii 199. Chapter 190: Membrane Transport | The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore - p. iii 200. Chapter 191: Membrane Transport | Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase - p. iii 201. Chapter 192: Membrane Transport | Structure of P-Type Adenosine Triphosphatases - p. iii 202. Chapter 193: Membrane Transport | Copper Pumps - p. iii 203. Chapter 194: Membrane Transport | P-Type ATPases: H+/K+ Pumps - p. iii 204. Chapter 195: Membrane Transport | P-Type Pumps: Na+,K+-ATPase - p. iii 205. Chapter 196: Membrane Transport | P-Type Pumps: Plasma-Membrane H+ Pumps - p. iii 206. Chapter 197: Membrane Transport | ER/SR Calcium Pump: Structure - p. iii 207. Chapter 198: Membrane Transport | ER/SR Calcium Pump: Function - p. iii 208. Chapter 199: Membrane Transport | Plasma Membrane Calcium Pump: Structure and Function - p. iii 209. Chapter 200: Membrane Transport | Nucleotide Sugar Transporters - p. iii 210. Chapter 201: Membrane Transport | Neurotransmitter Transporters - p. iii 211. Chapter 202: Membrane Transport | ABC Transporters - p. iii 212. Chapter 203: Membrane Transport | Multidrug Resistance Membrane Proteins - p. iii 213. Chapter 204: Vitamins | Vitamin A (Retinoids) - p. iii 214. Chapter 205: Vitamins | B12-Containing Enzymes - p. iii 215. Chapter 206: Vitamins | Folate and Vitamin B12 Function - p. iii 216. Chapter 207: Vitamins | Vitamin C - p. iii 217. Chapter 208: Vitamins | Vitamin D - p. iii 218. Chapter 209: Vitamins | Vitamin E - p. iii 219. Chapter 210: Vitamins | Vitamin K: Biochemistry, Metabolism, and Nutritional Aspects - p. iii 220. Volume 3 - p. iii 221. Proteins - p. iii 222. Chapter 211: Protein Function | Enzyme Reaction Mechanisms: Stereochemistry - p. iii 223. Chapter 212: Protein Function | Enzyme Kinetics - p. iii 224. Chapter 213: Protein Function | Kinetics of Enzyme Inhibition - p. iii 225. Chapter 214: Protein Function | Enzyme Inhibitors - p. iii 226. Chapter 215: Protein Function | Allostery in Proteins: Canonical Models and New Insights - p. iii 227. Chapter 216: Protein function | Kinetic Isotope Effects - p. iii 228. Chapter 217: Protein Function | Proteases in Blood Clotting - p. iii 229. Chapter 218: Protein Function | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Family - p. iii 230. Chapter 219: Proteins and Disease | Structural Insight and Functional Diversity of Mammalian Fatty Acid Binding Proteins in Health and Disease - p. iii 231. Chapter 220: Proteins and Disease | The Chemistry of Alzheimer Disease – Molecular, Genetic and Physiologic Perspectives - p. iii 232. Chapter 221: Proteins and Disease | Prions of Yeast and Fungi: Proteins Acting as Genes - p. iii 233. Chapter 222: Proteins and Disease | Structural Basis of HIV Reverse Transcription, Inhibition, and Drug Resistance - p. iii 234. Chapter 223: Protein Folding | Protein Folding and Assembly - p. iii 235. Chapter 224: Protein Folding | Chaperonins - p. iii 236. Chapter 225: Protein Folding | Unfolded Protein Responses - p. iii 237. Chapter 226: Protein Folding | Protein Folding in the Endoplasmic Reticulum - p. iii 238. Chapter 227: Protein Folding | Protein Disaggregases – Molecular Chaperones that Resolubilize Protein Aggregates - p. iii 239. Chapter 228: Protein Modifications | Disulfide Bond Formation - p. iii 240. Chapter 229: Protein Modifications | Glycoprotein-Mediated Cell Interactions, Nonmucin-Type O-Linked - p. iii 241. Chapter 230: Protein Modifications | Glycoproteins, N-Linked - p. iii 242. Chapter 231: Protein Modifications | Mucin Family of Glycoproteins - p. iii 243. Chapter 232: Protein Modifications | Protein Carboxyl Esterification - p. iii 244. Chapter 233: Protein Modifications | Protein N-Myristoylation - p. iii 245. Chapter 234: Protein Modifications | Protein Palmitoylation - p. iii 246. Chapter 235: Protein Modifications | Biosynthesis of Selenoproteins - p. iii 247. Chapter 236: Protein Modifications | Protein Tyrosine Sulfation - p. iii 248. Chapter 237: Protein Modifications | Mucins in Embryo Implantation - p. iii 249. Chapter 238: Protein Turnover | Intracellular Protein Degradation - p. iii 250. Chapter 239: Protein Turnover | Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Protein Degradation - p. iii 251. Chapter 240: Protein Turnover | 26S Proteasome: Structure and Function - p. iii 252. Chapter 241: Protein Turnover | Ubiquitin and Neurodegeneration - p. iii 253. Chapter 242: Enzymes | Amine Oxidases - p. iii 254. Chapter 243: Enzymes | Monoamine Oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) - p. iii 255. Chapter 244: Enzymes | Aminopeptidases - p. iii 256. Chapter 245: Enzymes | HIV Protease - p. iii 257. Chapter 246: Enzymes | Cysteine Proteases - p. iii 258. Chapter 247: Enzymes | Calpains - p. iii 259. Chapter 248: Enzymes | Clp Proteases - p. iii 260. Chapter 249: Enzymes | Lipoprotein Lipase - p. iii 261. Chapter 250: Enzymes | Lipoxygenases and Their Downstream Oxylipin Products: Harnessing Nature’s Chemical Diversity for Applications in Medicine and Industry - p. iii 262. Chapter 251: Enzymes | Mammalian DNA Methyltransferase Structural Themes - p. iii 263. Chapter 252: Enzymes | Matrix Metalloproteinases - p. iii 264. Chapter 253: Enzymes | Structure and Function of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes - p. iii 265. Chapter 254: Enzymes | Adenosine Deaminases - p. iii 266. Chapter 255: Enzymes | Angiogenin – A Homolog of Ribonuclease A - p. iii 267. Chapter 256: Enzymes | Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II (EC 3.4.17.21) - p. iii 268. Chapter 257: Enzymes | With No Lysine Kinases - p. iii 269. Chapter 258: Enzymes | Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinases - p. iii 270. Chapter 259: Enzymes | An Aerobic Route for C-H Bond Functionalization: The Rieske Non-Heme Iron Oxygenases - p. iii 271. Chapter 260: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Polymerases: Kinetics and Mechanism - p. iii 272. Chapter 261: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Polymerase Alpha-Primase: Biochemical and Structural Mechanisms - p. iii 273. Chapter 262: DNA Recognition/Processing | Eukaryotic DNA Polymerase γ - p. iii 274. Chapter 263: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Polymerase I, Bacterial - p. iii 275. Chapter 264: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Polymerase III, Bacterial - p. iii 276. Chapter 265: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Topoisomerases: Type I - p. iii 277. Chapter 266: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Topoisomerases: Type II - p. iii 278. Chapter 267: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Restriction and Modification: Type II Enzymes - p. iii 279. Chapter 268: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Restriction and Modification: Type III Enzymes - p. iii 280. Chapter 269: DNA Recognition/Processing | DNA Polymerase β Interactions With BER Proteins - p. iii 281. Chapter 270: DNA Recognition/Processing | Zinc Fingers: Structure and Design - p. iii 282. Chapter 271: Binding Proteins | RNA-Binding Proteins in Bacterial and Mitochondrial RNA Decay - p. iii 283. Chapter 272: Binding Proteins | Calcium-Buffering Proteins: Calbindin - p. iii 284. Chapter 273: Binding Proteins | Ca2+ Binding/Buffering Proteins: ER Luminal Proteins - p. iii 285. Chapter 274: Binding Proteins | Antibodies: Structure and Immune Effector Functions - p. iii 286. Chapter 275: Membrane Proteins | B-Cell Antigen Receptor - p. iii 287. Chapter 276: Membrane Proteins | L-Type Calcium Channels in Health and Disease: The Case of Heart Failure - p. iii 288. Chapter 277: Membrane Proteins | Structure and Mechanism of the Vacuolar H+-ATPase - p. iii 289. Chapter 278: Membrane Proteins | The Plexin Family of Transmembrane Receptors - p. iii 290. Chapter 279: Structural Proteins | Major Proteins of the Extracellular Matrix - p. iii 291. Chapter 280: Structural Proteins | Dystrophin: A Multifaceted Protein Critical for Muscle Health - p. iii 292. Chapter 281: Structural Proteins | Crystallins of the Mammalian Eye Lens - p. iii 293. Chapter 282: Structural Proteins | The Biochemistry of Elastin - p. iii 294. Chapter 283: Structural Proteins | Collagens - p. iii 295. Chapter 284: Structural Proteins | Troponin - p. iii 296. Chapter 285: Methods | Affinity Tags for Protein Purification - p. iii 297. Chapter 286: Methods | Protein Data Resources - p. iii 298. Chapter 287: Methods | Two-Hybrid Protein–Protein Interactions - p. iii 299. Chapter 288: Methods | CRISPR-Cas, A Prokaryotic Adaptive Immune System - p. iii 300. Chapter 289: Methods | Covalent Labeling and Chemical Cross-Linking Coupled With Mass Spectrometry for Studying Protein Amyloid Formation - p. iii 301. Chapter 290: Methods | Re-engineering the Site-Specific Incorporation of Selenocysteine Into Proteins - p. iii 302. Chapter 291: Methods | Ligand Binding to Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Thermodynamic Cycles and Experimental Approaches - p. iii 303. Chapter 292: Methods | Mass Spectrometry of Native Complexes - p. iii 304. Volume 4 - p. iii 305. Molecular Biology - p. iii 306. Chapter 293: DNA structure | DNA Secondary Structure - p. iii 307. Chapter 294: DNA structure | DNA Supercoiling - p. iii 308. Chapter 295: DNA structure | DNA Sequence Recognition by Proteins - p. iii 309. Chapter 296: DNA structure | Chromosome Organization and Structure, Overview - p. iii 310. Chapter 297: DNA structure | Chromatin: Physical Organization - p. iii 311. Chapter 298: DNA structure | Telomeres: Maintenance and Replication - p. iii 312. Chapter 299: Replication | DNA Replication: Initiation in Bacteria - p. iii 313. Chapter 300: Replication | DNA Replication Fork, Bacterial - p. iii 314. Chapter 301: Replication | DNA Replication: Eukaryotic Origins and the Origin Recognition Complex - p. iii 315. Chapter 302: Replication | DNA Replication Fork, Eukaryotic - p. iii 316. Chapter 303: Replication | DNA Replication, Mitochondrial - p. iii 317. Chapter 304: Replication | DNA Polymerase α – Primase Complex: A Fundamental Element in the Maintenance of Genome Integrity - p. iii 318. Chapter 305: Replication | Recombination-Dependent DNA Replication - p. iii 319. Chapter 306: Replication | Sliding Clamps in DNA Replication: Escherichia coli β-Clamp and PCNA Structure - p. iii 320. Chapter 307: Replication | Processivity Clamps in DNA Replication - p. iii 321. Chapter 308: Replication | Nonhexameric SF1 DNA Helicases/Translocases - p. iii 322. Chapter 309: Replication | RecQ Helicase Systems - p. iii 323. Chapter 310: Replication | DNA Helicases: Hexameric Enzyme Action - p. iii 324. Chapter 311: Replication | DNA Ligases: Mechanism and Functions - p. iii 325. Chapter 312: Replication | DNA Ligases: Structures - p. iii 326. Chapter 313: Replication | DNA Methyltransferases: Eubacterial GATC - p. iii 327. Chapter 314: Replication | DNA Modification, Restriction Endonucleases: Type I Enzymes - p. iii 328. Chapter 315: Recombination | Recombination DNA-Strand Transferases - p. iii 329. Chapter 316: Recombination | Recombination DNA Helicases and Nucleases - p. iii 330. Chapter 317: Recombination | Homologous Recombination in Meiosis - p. iii 331. Chapter 318: Recombination | Site-Specific Recombination: Biological Functions, Reaction Mechanisms, and Applications - p. iii 332. Chapter 319: DNA repair | DNA Mismatch Repair and Homologous Recombination - p. iii 333. Chapter 320: DNA repair | DNA Mismatch Repair in Bacteria - p. iii 334. Chapter 321: DNA repair | DNA Mismatch Repair in Mammals - p. iii 335. Chapter 322: DNA repair | DNA Mismatch Repair in Disease and Aging - p. iii 336. Chapter 323: DNA repair | Repair of G–T Mismatches by Escherichia coli Vsr and Eukaryotic DNA Glycosylases - p. iii 337. Chapter 324: DNA repair | DNA Damage: Alkylation - p. iii 338. Chapter 325: DNA repair | DNA Mismatch Repair and the DNA Damage Response - p. iii 339. Chapter 326: DNA repair | DNA Oxidation - p. iii 340. Chapter 327: DNA repair | Nucleotide Excision Repair: Biology - p. iii 341. Chapter 328: DNA repair | Nucleotide Excision Repair, Bacterial: The UvrABCD System - p. iii 342. Chapter 329: DNA repair | Nucleotide Excision Repair in Eukaryotes - p. iii 343. Chapter 330: DNA repair | Transcription-Coupled DNA Repair Overview - p. iii 344. Chapter 331: DNA repair | DNA Base Excision Repair Pathways - p. iii 345. Chapter 332: DNA repair | DNA Glycosylases - p. iii 346. Chapter 333: DNA repair | Nonhomologous End-Joining in Bacteria - p. iii 347. Chapter 334: DNA repair | Nonhomologous End Joining in Eukaryotes - p. iii 348. Chapter 335: DNA repair | Nonhomologous Recombination: Bacterial Transposons - p. iii 349. Chapter 336: DNA repair | Nonhomologous Recombination: Retrotransposons - p. iii 350. Chapter 337: DNA repair | The LexA Regulatory System - p. iii 351. Chapter 338: DNA repair | UmuDC Lesion Bypass DNA Polymerase V - p. iii 352. Chapter 339: DNA repair | XPV Polymerase and the Bypass of Ultraviolet DNA Damage - p. iii 353. Chapter 340: Transcription | T7 RNA Polymerase - p. iii 354. Chapter 341: Transcription | RNA Polymerase Reaction in Bacteria - p. iii 355. Chapter 342: Transcription | RNA Polymerase Structure, Bacterial - p. iii 356. Chapter 343: Transcription | Sigma Factors - p. iii 357. Chapter 344: Transcription | RNA Polymerase II and its General Transcription Factors - p. iii 358. Chapter 345: Transcription | RNA Polymerase II Elongation Control in Eukaryotes - p. iii 359. Chapter 346: Transcription | Chromatin: Methyl-CpG-Binding Proteins - p. iii 360. Chapter 347: Transcription | Regulation of Chromatin Dynamics - p. iii 361. Chapter 348: Transcription | Chromatin: Nucleosome Positioning – the GAL Promoter - p. iii 362. Chapter 349: Transcription | Messenger RNA Processing in Eukaryotes - p. iii 363. Chapter 350: Transcription | RNA Splicing - p. iii 364. Chapter 351: Transcription | Alternative Splicing: Regulation of Drosophila melanogaster Sex Determination - p. iii 365. Chapter 352: Transcription | Transcription Termination - p. iii 366. Chapter 353: Transcription | mRNA Polyadenylation in Eukaryotes - p. iii 367. Chapter 354: Transcription | RNA Editing - p. iii 368. Chapter 355: Transcription | lac Operon Regulation - p. iii 369. Chapter 356: Transcription | Expression of the Bacterial L-Trp Regulon - p. iii 370. Chapter 357: Transcription | Gene Expression in Eukaryotes: RNA Polymerase II Structure - p. iii 371. Chapter 358: Transcription | Regulation of Gene Transcription by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α - p. iii 372. Chapter 359: Transcription | Genome-Wide Analysis of Gene Expression - p. iii 373. Chapter 360: Translation | Pre-tRNA and Pre-rRNA Processing in Bacteria - p. iii 374. Chapter 361: Translation | tRNA Synthetases - p. iii 375. Chapter 362: Translation | Ribosome Assembly - p. iii 376. Chapter 363: Translation | Ribosome Structure - p. iii 377. Chapter 364: Translation | Translation Initiation in Bacteria: Factors and Mechanisms - p. iii 378. Chapter 365: Translation | Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes: Factors and Mechanisms - p. iii 379. Chapter 366: Translation | Translation Elongation in Bacteria - p. iii 380. Chapter 367: Translation | Ribosome Regulation by EF-G and EF-Tu - p. iii 381. Chapter 368: RNA | Riboswitches - p. iii 382. Chapter 369: RNA | Small RNAs in Bacteria - p. iii 383. Chapter 370: RNA | MicroRNAs in Eukaryotes - p. iii 384. Chapter 371: RNA | Ribozymes and Evolution - p. iii 385. Chapter 372: RNA | Ribozyme Structural Elements: Group II Introns - p. iii 386. Chapter 373: RNA | Catalysis by RNA, Structural Themes: Group I Introns - p. iii 387. Volume 5 - p. iii 388. Cell Biology - p. iii 389. Chapter 374: Cell Cycle | Cell Cycle: DNA Damage Checkpoints - p. iii 390. Chapter 375: Cell Cycle | Cell Cycle: Control of Entry and Progression through S Phase - p. iii 391. Chapter 376: Cell Cycle | Cell-Cycle Controls in G1 and G0 - p. iii 392. Chapter 377: Cell Death | Autophagy in Fungi and Mammals - p. iii 393. Chapter 378: Cell Death | Caspases and Cell Death - p. iii 394. Chapter 379: Cell Death | Cell Death by Apoptosis and Necrosis - p. iii 395. Chapter 380: Cell Division | Cytokinesis - p. iii 396. Chapter 381: Cell Division | Meiosis - p. iii 397. Chapter 382: Cell Division | Septins and Cytokinesis - p. iii 398. Chapter 383: Cell Division | Spindle Positioning - p. iii 399. Chapter 384: Cell Division | The Kinetochore - p. iii 400. Chapter 385: Concepts | Evolutionary Cell Biology: A Modern Synthesis of Cell and Evolutionary Biology - p. iii 401. Chapter 386: Concepts | Heat/Stress Responses - p. iii 402. Chapter 387: Concepts | Mitochondrial Dynamics - p. iii 403. Chapter 388: Concepts | Organelle Scaling - p. iii 404. Chapter 389: Concepts | No Membrane, No Problem: Cellular Organization by Biomolecular Condensates - p. iii 405. Chapter 390: Connecting Cells | Desmosomes and Hemidesmosomes - p. iii 406. Chapter 391: Connecting Cells | Tight Junctions - p. iii 407. Chapter 392: Cytoskeleton | Actin Assembly/Disassembly - p. iii 408. Chapter 393: Cytoskeleton | Actin Organization - p. iii 409. Chapter 394: Cytoskeleton | Actin-Capping and Severing Proteins - p. iii 410. Chapter 395: Cytoskeleton | Actin-Related Proteins - p. iii 411. Chapter 396: Cytoskeleton | Dynactin - p. iii 412. Chapter 397: Cytoskeleton | Intermediate Filaments - p. iii 413. Chapter 398: Cytoskeleton | Intermediate Filament Linker Proteins: Plectin and BPAG1 - p. iii 414. Chapter 399: Cytoskeleton | Kinesins as Microtubule Disassembly Enzymes - p. iii 415. Chapter 400: Cytoskeleton | Microbe-Cytoskeleton Interactions - p. iii 416. Chapter 401: Cytoskeleton | Microtubule-Associated Proteins - p. iii 417. Chapter 402: Cytoskeleton | Functional Interactions Between Actin Filaments and Microtubules in Plant and Animal Cells - p. iii 418. Chapter 403: Cytoskeleton | Myosin Motors - p. iii 419. Chapter 404: Cytoskeleton | Rho GTPases and Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics - p. iii 420. Chapter 405: Extracellular | Cell Migration - p. iii 421. Chapter 406: Extracellular | Cell Migration Within Three-Dimensional Matrices - p. iii 422. Chapter 407: Extracellular | Cell–Matrix Interactions - p. iii 423. Chapter 408: Extracellular | Eukaryotic Chemotaxis - p. iii 424. Chapter 409: Extracellular | Major Sperm Protein and Sperm Locomotion - p. iii 425. Chapter 410: Extracellular | Tension and Tissue Morphogenesis - p. iii 426. Chapter 411: Neurons | Biochemistry of Neurogenesis - p. iii 427. Chapter 412: Neurons | Calcium Signaling in Neurons and Oocytes - p. iii 428. Chapter 413: Neurons | Establishing and Maintaining Neuron Morphology - p. iii 429. Chapter 414: Neurons | Neuronal Intermediate Filaments - p. iii 430. Chapter 415: Neurons | Microtubule Organization in Neurons - p. iii 431. Chapter 416: Nucleus | Chromatin and Nuclear Biophysics - p. iii 432. Chapter 417: Nucleus | Nuclear Compartmentalization - p. iii 433. Chapter 418: Nucleus | Nuclear Lamina - p. iii 434. Chapter 419: Nucleus | Nuclear Organization, Chromatin Structure, and Gene Silencing - p. iii 435. Chapter 420: Nucleus | Nuclear Pores and Nuclear Import/Export - p. iii 436. Chapter 421: Nucleus | Nucleolus, Overview - p. iii 437. Chapter 422: Nucleus | Organization of the Bacterial Nucleoid - p. iii 438. Chapter 423: Nucleus | Live Cell Imaging of Nuclear Dynamics - p. iii 439. Chapter 424: Tissues & Organs | Biochemistry of Development: Striated Muscle - p. iii 440. Chapter 425: Tissues & Organs | Biochemistry of Hematopoiesis - p. iii 441. Chapter 426: Tissues & Organs | Biochemistry of Liver Regeneration - p. iii 442. Chapter 427: Tissues & Organs | Keratins and the Skin - p. iii 443. Chapter 428: Transport and Secretion | Endocytosis - p. iii 444. Chapter 429: Transport and Secretion | Exosomes and Microvesicles - p. iii 445. Chapter 430: Transport and Secretion | Golgi Complex - p. iii 446. Chapter 431: Transport and Secretion | Phagocytosis - p. iii 447. Chapter 432: Transport and Secretion | Secretory Pathway - p. iii 448. Chapter 433: Transport and Secretion | Vacuoles - p. iii 449. Chapter 434: Further Reading | The Mitotic Checkpoint - p. iii 450. Chapter 435: Further Reading | Centromeres - p. iii 451. Chapter 436: Further Reading | Centrosome Duplication - p. iii 452. Chapter 437: Further Reading | Mitosis - p. iii 453. Chapter 438: Further Reading | Cytoskeletal Motors: General Principles - p. iii 454. Chapter 439: Further Reading | Dynein - p. iii 455. Chapter 440: Further Reading | Kinesin Superfamily Proteins - p. iii 456. Chapter 441: Further Reading | Microtubule Nucleation Pathways - p. iii 457. Chapter 442: Further Reading | Microtubule Plus and Minus End Binding Proteins - p. iii 458. Volume 6 - p. iii 459. Signaling - p. iii 460. Chapter 443: Signals | Auxin - p. iii 461. Chapter 444: Signals | Bcl2 Family: Cell Death Enhancers and Inhibitors - p. iii 462. Chapter 445: Signals | Chemiluminescence and Bioluminescence - p. iii 463. Chapter 446: Signals | Bmp Signaling and Vascular Disease - p. iii 464. Chapter 447: Signals | Brassinosteroids - p. iii 465. Chapter 448: Signals | Cytokines - p. iii 466. Chapter 449: Signals | Cytokinin - p. iii 467. Chapter 450: Signals | Gibberellin Signaling in Plants - p. iii 468. Chapter 451: Signals | Integrin Signaling - p. iii 469. Chapter 452: Signals | Light Signaling in Plants - p. iii 470. Chapter 453: Signals | Melanocortin System - p. iii 471. Chapter 454: Signals | Natriuretic Peptides, Their Receptors and Therapeutic Applications - p. iii 472. Chapter 455: Signals | The Inositol Pyrophosphate Signaling Family - p. iii 473. Chapter 456: Receptors | Adrenergic Receptors - p. iii 474. Chapter 457: Receptors | Angiotensin Receptors - p. iii 475. Chapter 458: Receptors | B-Cell Antigen Receptor - p. iii 476. Chapter 459: Receptors | Bradykinin Receptors - p. iii 477. Chapter 460: Receptors | Dopamine Receptors - p. iii 478. Chapter 461: Receptors | Eicosanoid Receptors - p. iii 479. Chapter 462: Receptors | Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors and Cancer-Associated Perturbations - p. iii 480. Chapter 463: Receptors | Glutamate Receptors, Metabotropic - p. iii 481. Chapter 464: Receptors | Glycine Receptors - p. iii 482. Chapter 465: Receptors | Hematopoietin Receptors - p. iii 483. Chapter 466: Receptors | Immunoglobulin (Fc) Receptors - p. iii 484. Chapter 467: Receptors | Interferon Receptors - p. iii 485. Chapter 468: Receptors | IP3 Receptors - p. iii 486. Chapter 469: Receptors | Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors - p. iii 487. Chapter 470: Receptors | Neurotrophin Receptor Signaling - p. iii 488. Chapter 471: Receptors | Olfactory Receptors - p. iii 489. Chapter 472: Receptors | Opioid Receptors - p. iii 490. Chapter 473: Receptors | P2Y Receptors - p. iii 491. Chapter 474: Receptors | Parathyroid Hormone/Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein Receptor - p. iii 492. Chapter 475: Receptors | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors - p. iii 493. Chapter 476: Receptors | Pheromone Receptors (Yeast) - p. iii 494. Chapter 477: Receptors | Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor - p. iii 495. Chapter 478: Receptors | Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Family - p. iii 496. Chapter 479: Receptors | Proteinase-Activated Receptors - p. iii 497. Chapter 480: Receptors | Retinoic Acid Receptors - p. iii 498. Chapter 481: Receptors | Serotonin Receptor Signaling - p. iii 499. Chapter 482: Receptors | Somatostatin Receptors - p. iii 500. Chapter 483: Receptors | Steroid/Thyroid Hormone Receptors - p. iii 501. Chapter 484: Receptors | Structural and Functional Insights of VEGF and Its Receptors - p. iii 502. Chapter 485: Receptors | T-Cell Antigen Receptor - p. iii 503. Chapter 486: Receptors | T-Cell Receptor Signaling to NF-κB - p. iii 504. Chapter 487: Receptors | Tachykinin/Substance P/Neurokinin-1 Receptors - p. iii 505. Chapter 488: Receptors | Taste Receptors - p. iii 506. Chapter 489: Receptors | Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone/Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptors - p. iii 507. Chapter 490: Receptors | Toll-Like Receptors - p. iii 508. Chapter 491: Receptors | Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors - p. iii 509. Chapter 492: Receptors | Vasopressin/Oxytocin Receptor Family - p. iii 510. Chapter 493: Kinases/Phosphatases | Diacylglycerol Kinases and Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatases - p. iii 511. Chapter 494: Kinases/Phosphatases | FAK Family - p. iii 512. Chapter 495: Kinases/Phosphatases | Fes Tyrosine Kinase - p. iii 513. Chapter 496: Kinases/Phosphatases | Phosphoinositide 4- and 5-Kinases and Phosphatases - p. iii 514. Chapter 497: Kinases/Phosphatases | Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases - p. iii 515. Chapter 498: Kinases/Phosphatases | Protein Kinase C Family - p. iii 516. Chapter 499: Kinases/Phosphatases | Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases - p. iii 517. Chapter 500: Kinases/Phosphatases | Serine/Threonine Protein Phosphatases - p. iii 518. Chapter 501: Kinases/Phosphatases | Src Family of Protein Tyrosine Kinases - p. iii 519. Chapter 502: G-proteins | Arf Family - p. iii 520. Chapter 503: G-proteins | Color Vision - p. iii 521. Chapter 504: G-proteins | G Protein Signaling Regulators - p. iii 522. Chapter 505: G-proteins | G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases and Arrestins - p. iii 523. Chapter 506: G-proteins | G12/G13 Family - p. iii 524. Chapter 507: G-proteins | GABAA Receptor - p. iii 525. Chapter 508: G-proteins | GABAB Receptor - p. iii 526. Chapter 509: G-proteins | Gi Family of Heterotrimeric G Proteins - p. iii 527. Chapter 510: G-proteins | Gq Family - p. iii 528. Chapter 511: G-proteins | Gs Family of Heterotrimeric G Proteins - p. iii 529. Chapter 512: G-proteins | Rab Family - p. iii 530. Chapter 513: G-proteins | Ran GTPase - p. iii 531. Chapter 514: G-proteins | Ras Family - p. iii 532. Chapter 515: G-proteins | Small GTPases - p. iii 533. Chapter 516: Second Messengers | Adenylyl Cyclases - p. iii 534. Chapter 517: Second Messengers | Cyclic AMP Receptors of Dictyostelium - p. iii 535. Chapter 518: Second Messengers | Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterases - p. iii 536. Chapter 519: Second Messengers | Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases - p. iii 537. Chapter 520: Second Messengers | Cyclic Nucleotide-Dependent Protein Kinases - p. iii 538. Chapter 521: Second Messengers | Cyclic Nucleotide-Regulated Cation Channels - p. iii 539. Chapter 522: Second Messengers | Nitric Oxide Signaling - p. iii 540. Chapter 523: Phospholipids | Lipid Signaling and Ion Channels - p. iii 541. Chapter 524: Phospholipids | Lysophospholipid Receptors - p. iii 542. Chapter 525: Phospholipids | Phosphatidylinositol Bisphosphate and Trisphosphate - p. iii 543. Chapter 526: Phospholipids | Phosphatidylinositol-3-Phosphate - p. iii 544. Chapter 527: Calcium | Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Adrenomedullin Receptors - p. iii 545. Chapter 528: Calcium | Calcitonin Receptor - p. iii 546. Chapter 529: Calcium | Calcium in the Regulation of Gene Expression - p. iii 547. Chapter 530: Calcium | Calcium Oscillations - p. iii 548. Chapter 531: Calcium | Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR) - p. iii 549. Chapter 532: Calcium | Calcium Signaling: Calmodulin-Dependent Phosphatase - p. iii 550. Chapter 533: Calcium | Calcium Signaling: NO Synthase - p. iii 551. Chapter 534: Calcium | Calcium Signaling by Cyclic ADP-Ribose and NAADP - p. iii 552. Chapter 535: Calcium | Calcium Transport in Mitochondria - p. iii 553. Chapter 536: Calcium | Calcium-Binding Proteins: Cytosolic (Annexins, Gelsolins, and C2-Domain Proteins) - p. iii 554. Chapter 537: Calcium | Calcium-Modulated Proteins (EF-Hand) - p. iii 555. Chapter 538: Calcium | Calcium Signaling in Plants - p. iii 556. Chapter 539: Calcium | Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II - p. iii 557. Chapter 540: Calcium | Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases - p. iii 558. Chapter 541: Calcium | Inositol Trisphosphate and Calcium Signaling - p. iii 559. Chapter 542: Calcium | Intracellular Calcium Waves - p. iii 560. Chapter 543: Calcium | Intercellular Ca2+ Waves: Mechanisms of Initiation and Propagation - p. iii 561. Chapter 544: Cell-Cell Interaction | Cadherin-Mediated Cell–Cell Adhesion - p. iii 562. Chapter 545: Cell-Cell Interaction | Cadherin Signaling - p. iii 563. Chapter 546: Cell-Cell Interaction | Chemokine Receptors - p. iii 564. Chapter 547: Cell-Cell Interaction | Chemotactic Peptide/Complement Receptors - p. iii 565. Chapter 548: Cell-Cell Interaction | Focal Adhesions and Related Integrin Contacts - p. iii 566. Chapter 549: Tumor Suppressors | p53 Family - p. iii 567. Chapter 550: Tumor Suppressors | Retinoblastoma Protein (pRB) - p. iii 568. Subject Index - p. iii 569. Authors - p. iii