EXPERTddx: Pediatrics
1. Cover image - p. cover 2. Title page - p. cover 3. Table of Contents - p. cover 4. Copyright - p. cover 5. Dedication - p. cover 6. Contributing Authors - p. cover 7. Preface - p. cover 8. Acknowledgments - p. cover 9. Sections - p. cover 10. SECTION 1: CARDIAC - p. cover 11. Chapter 1: High-Output Heart Failure - p. 4 12. Chapter 2: Massive Cardiomegaly - p. 10 13. Chapter 3: Cardiac or Pericardial Mass - p. 16 14. Chapter 4: Acyanotic Heart Disease With Increased Vascularity - p. 20 15. Chapter 5: Cyanotic Heart Disease With Decreased Vascularity - p. 26 16. Chapter 6: Cyanotic Heart Disease With Variable or Increased Vascularity - p. 32 17. Chapter 7: Right Atrial Enlargement - p. 36 18. Chapter 8: Right Ventricular Enlargement - p. 40 19. Chapter 9: Small Pulmonary Artery - p. 46 20. Chapter 10: Prominent Pulmonary Artery - p. 52 21. Chapter 11: Left Atrial Enlargement - p. 58 22. Chapter 12: Left Heart Obstructive Lesion - p. 62 23. Chapter 13: Congenital Aortic Arch Anomalies - p. 68 24. Chapter 14: Obstructive Aortic Arch Lesions - p. 74 25. Chapter 15: Dilated Thoracic Aorta - p. 78 26. Chapter 16: Situs Anomalies - p. 84 27. SECTION 2: CHEST - p. 87 28. Chapter 17: Reticulonodular Infiltrate - p. 90 29. Chapter 18: Neonatal Irregular Lung Opacities - p. 96 30. Chapter 19: Bubbly Lungs - p. 102 31. Chapter 20: Unilateral Hyperlucent Lung - p. 106 32. Chapter 21: Bilateral Hyperlucent Lungs - p. 112 33. Chapter 22: Lung Cavity - p. 114 34. Chapter 23: Lucent Lung Mass - p. 120 35. Chapter 24: Round Lung Mass - p. 126 36. Chapter 25: Multiple Pulmonary Nodules - p. 132 37. Chapter 26: Consolidation - p. 138 38. Chapter 27: Neonatal Chest Mass - p. 144 39. Chapter 28: Chest Wall Mass - p. 150 40. Chapter 29: Rib Lesion - p. 156 41. Chapter 30: Pneumothorax - p. 162 42. Chapter 31: Pneumomediastinum - p. 168 43. Chapter 32: Mediastinal Widening - p. 172 44. Chapter 33: Anterior Mediastinal Mass - p. 178 45. Chapter 34: Middle Mediastinal Mass - p. 184 46. Chapter 35: Posterior Mediastinal Mass - p. 190 47. Chapter 36: Esophageal Stricture - p. 196 48. Chapter 37: Esophageal Extrinsic Impressions - p. 198 49. SECTION 3: GASTROINTESTINAL - p. 203 50. Chapter 38: Neonatal Proximal Bowel Obstruction - p. 206 51. Chapter 39: Neonatal Distal Bowel Obstruction - p. 212 52. Chapter 40: Microcolon - p. 218 53. Chapter 41: Dilated Stomach - p. 224 54. Chapter 42: Duodenal Obstruction - p. 228 55. Chapter 43: Small Bowel Obstructions Beyond Neonates - p. 234 56. Chapter 44: Diffusely Abnormal Small Bowel - p. 240 57. Chapter 45: Acute Abdomen in Infants and Children - p. 242 58. Chapter 46: Right Lower Quadrant Pain - p. 248 59. Chapter 47: Abnormal Appendix - p. 254 60. Chapter 48: Intussusception - p. 256 61. Chapter 49: Colitis - p. 258 62. Chapter 50: Pneumatosis - p. 260 63. Chapter 51: Pneumoperitoneum - p. 262 64. Chapter 52: Mesenteric Lesions - p. 266 65. Chapter 53: Cystic Abdominal Mass - p. 270 66. Chapter 54: Abdominal Mass in Neonate - p. 276 67. Chapter 55: Solid Abdominal Mass in Child - p. 282 68. Chapter 56: Abdominal Aortic Anomalies - p. 288 69. Chapter 57: Hepatic Mass in Neonate - p. 292 70. Chapter 58: Hepatic Mass in Child - p. 298 71. Chapter 59: Multiple Liver Lesions - p. 304 72. Chapter 60: Pancreatic Mass - p. 310 73. Chapter 61: Splenic Lesions - p. 316 74. Chapter 62: Abdominal Calcifications in Child - p. 322 75. Chapter 63: Metallic Foreign Bodies - p. 328 76. SECTION 4: GENITOURINARY - p. 329 77. Chapter 64: Retroperitoneal Mass - p. 332 78. Chapter 65: Suprarenal Mass - p. 338 79. Chapter 66: Solid Renal Mass, Solitary - p. 344 80. Chapter 67: Solid Renal Mass, Multifocal - p. 350 81. Chapter 68: Renal Cysts - p. 352 82. Chapter 69: Bilateral Hydronephrosis - p. 358 83. Chapter 70: Unilateral Hydronephrosis - p. 364 84. Chapter 71: Pelvic Mass - p. 370 85. Chapter 72: Ovarian Mass - p. 376 86. Chapter 73: Scrotal Mass - p. 382 87. Chapter 74: Scrotal Pain - p. 388 88. Chapter 75: Bladder Mass - p. 390 89. Chapter 76: Urethral Variations and Abnormalities - p. 394 90. SECTION 5: MUSCULOSKELETAL - p. 399 91. Chapter 77: Epiphyseal Irregularity or Stippling - p. 402 92. Chapter 78: Epiphyseal Overgrowth - p. 406 93. Chapter 79: Dense Metaphyseal Bands and Lines - p. 408 94. Chapter 80: Lucent Metaphyseal Bands and Lines - p. 410 95. Chapter 81: Metaphyseal Fraying/Irregularity - p. 412 96. Chapter 82: Metaphyseal Cupping - p. 414 97. Chapter 83: Physeal Widening - p. 416 98. Chapter 84: Physeal Bridge/Growth Arrest - p. 420 99. Chapter 85: Bubbly Bone Lesion - p. 422 100. Chapter 86: Multifocal Nonaggressive Bone Lesions - p. 428 101. Chapter 87: Multifocal Aggressive Bone Lesions - p. 432 102. Chapter 88: Extensive Marrow Abnormalities - p. 436 103. Chapter 89: Diaphyseal Lesion - p. 438 104. Chapter 90: Sclerotic Bone Lesions - p. 442 105. Chapter 91: Painful Hip - p. 444 106. Chapter 92: Abnormal Femoral Head - p. 450 107. Chapter 93: Coxa Magna Deformity - p. 456 108. Chapter 94: Joint Effusion or Synovitis - p. 458 109. Chapter 95: Arthritis in Child - p. 464 110. Chapter 96: Elbow Fractures - p. 470 111. Chapter 97: Radial Dysplasia/Aplasia - p. 476 112. Chapter 98: Lower Extremity Bowing - p. 478 113. Chapter 99: Congenital Foot Deformity - p. 484 114. Chapter 100: Skeletal Dysplasia With Short Extremities - p. 488 115. Chapter 101: Skeletal Dysplasia With Short Ribs - p. 490 116. Chapter 102: Skeletal Dysplasia With Major Spine Involvement - p. 492 117. Chapter 103: Focal Gigantism/Macrodactyly - p. 494 118. Chapter 104: Soft Tissue Mass - p. 498 119. Chapter 105: Soft Tissue Calcifications - p. 504 120. Chapter 106: Multifocal Periosteal Reaction - p. 508 121. Chapter 107: Child Abuse - p. 512 122. SECTION 6: BRAIN - p. 517 123. Chapter 108: Microcephaly - p. 520 124. Chapter 109: Macrocrania/Macrocephaly - p. 526 125. Chapter 110: Subarachnoid Space Normal Variants - p. 532 126. Chapter 111: Ventriculomegaly - p. 534 127. Chapter 112: Intracranial Hemorrhage - p. 540 128. Chapter 113: Suprasellar Mass - p. 546 129. Chapter 114: Pineal Mass - p. 552 130. Chapter 115: Cerebral Hemisphere Mass - p. 556 131. Chapter 116: Lateral Ventricular Mass - p. 562 132. Chapter 117: Posterior Fossa Neoplasm - p. 566 133. Chapter 118: Cystic-Appearing Posterior Fossa Lesion - p. 572 134. Chapter 119: Extraaxial Mass - p. 578 135. Chapter 120: Brain Tumor in Newborn or Infant - p. 584 136. Chapter 121: Thick Cerebral Cortex - p. 590 137. Chapter 122: Abnormal Shape/Configuration of Corpus Callosum - p. 596 138. Chapter 123: Signal/Attenuation Abnormalities of Corpus Callosum - p. 602 139. Chapter 124: Abnormal Brainstem Morphology - p. 608 140. Chapter 125: Congenital Cerebellar Malformation - p. 612 141. Chapter 126: Intracranial Calcifications - p. 616 142. Chapter 127: Multifocal White Matter Abnormalities - p. 622 143. Chapter 128: Metabolic Disorders Affecting Primarily White Matter - p. 628 144. Chapter 129: Diffuse Abnormalities of Myelination - p. 632 145. Chapter 130: Deep Gray Nuclei Abnormalities - p. 638 146. Chapter 131: Ring-Enhancing Lesions - p. 644 147. Chapter 132: Craniocervical Arterial Stenosis - p. 648 148. Chapter 133: Sulcal or Cisternal Enhancement - p. 652 149. Chapter 134: Skull Base Lesion - p. 657 150. SECTION 7: HEAD AND NECK - p. 661 151. Chapter 135: Stridor - p. 666 152. Chapter 136: Epiglottitis - p. 670 153. Chapter 137: Thickened Retropharyngeal Tissues - p. 672 154. Chapter 138: Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Neck - p. 674 155. Chapter 139: Solid Neck Mass in Neonate - p. 678 156. Chapter 140: Solid Neck Mass in Child - p. 682 157. Chapter 141: Cystic Neck Mass in Child - p. 686 158. Chapter 142: Transspatial Mass - p. 690 159. Chapter 143: Extraluminal Gas in Neck - p. 694 160. Chapter 144: Leukocoria - p. 696 161. Chapter 145: Ocular Lesion - p. 700 162. Chapter 146: Microphthalmos - p. 704 163. Chapter 147: Macrophthalmos - p. 708 164. Chapter 148: Optic Nerve or Nerve Sheath Lesion - p. 712 165. Chapter 149: Rapidly Developing Proptosis - p. 714 166. Chapter 150: Sinonasal Mass - p. 718 167. Chapter 151: Congenital Midline Nasal Lesion - p. 722 168. Chapter 152: Nasal Obstruction in Newborn - p. 724 169. Chapter 153: Congenital Anomalies of Skull Base - p. 726 170. Chapter 154: Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Child - p. 732 171. Chapter 155: Inner Ear Lesion in Child - p. 738 172. Chapter 156: Middle Ear Lesion in Child - p. 742 173. SECTION 8: SPINE - p. 745 174. Chapter 157: Scoliosis - p. 748 175. Chapter 158: Kyphosis - p. 750 176. Chapter 159: Bullet-Shaped Vertebra/Anterior Vertebral Body Beaking - p. 752 177. Chapter 160: Scalloped Vertebral Bodies - p. 754 178. Chapter 161: Vertebra Plana or Platyspondyly - p. 756 179. Chapter 162: Back Pain - p. 760 180. Chapter 163: Spinal Dysraphic Lesion - p. 766 181. Chapter 164: Presacral or Sacrococcygeal Mass - p. 770 182. Chapter 165: Intramedullary Spinal Cord Lesion - p. 776 183. INDEX - p. i
EXPERTddx: Pediatrics
1. Cover image - p. cover 2. Title page - p. cover 3. Table of Contents - p. cover 4. Copyright - p. cover 5. Dedication - p. cover 6. Contributing Authors - p. cover 7. Preface - p. cover 8. Acknowledgments - p. cover 9. Sections - p. cover 10. SECTION 1: CARDIAC - p. cover 11. Chapter 1: High-Output Heart Failure - p. 4 12. Chapter 2: Massive Cardiomegaly - p. 10 13. Chapter 3: Cardiac or Pericardial Mass - p. 16 14. Chapter 4: Acyanotic Heart Disease With Increased Vascularity - p. 20 15. Chapter 5: Cyanotic Heart Disease With Decreased Vascularity - p. 26 16. Chapter 6: Cyanotic Heart Disease With Variable or Increased Vascularity - p. 32 17. Chapter 7: Right Atrial Enlargement - p. 36 18. Chapter 8: Right Ventricular Enlargement - p. 40 19. Chapter 9: Small Pulmonary Artery - p. 46 20. Chapter 10: Prominent Pulmonary Artery - p. 52 21. Chapter 11: Left Atrial Enlargement - p. 58 22. Chapter 12: Left Heart Obstructive Lesion - p. 62 23. Chapter 13: Congenital Aortic Arch Anomalies - p. 68 24. Chapter 14: Obstructive Aortic Arch Lesions - p. 74 25. Chapter 15: Dilated Thoracic Aorta - p. 78 26. Chapter 16: Situs Anomalies - p. 84 27. SECTION 2: CHEST - p. 87 28. Chapter 17: Reticulonodular Infiltrate - p. 90 29. Chapter 18: Neonatal Irregular Lung Opacities - p. 96 30. Chapter 19: Bubbly Lungs - p. 102 31. Chapter 20: Unilateral Hyperlucent Lung - p. 106 32. Chapter 21: Bilateral Hyperlucent Lungs - p. 112 33. Chapter 22: Lung Cavity - p. 114 34. Chapter 23: Lucent Lung Mass - p. 120 35. Chapter 24: Round Lung Mass - p. 126 36. Chapter 25: Multiple Pulmonary Nodules - p. 132 37. Chapter 26: Consolidation - p. 138 38. Chapter 27: Neonatal Chest Mass - p. 144 39. Chapter 28: Chest Wall Mass - p. 150 40. Chapter 29: Rib Lesion - p. 156 41. Chapter 30: Pneumothorax - p. 162 42. Chapter 31: Pneumomediastinum - p. 168 43. Chapter 32: Mediastinal Widening - p. 172 44. Chapter 33: Anterior Mediastinal Mass - p. 178 45. Chapter 34: Middle Mediastinal Mass - p. 184 46. Chapter 35: Posterior Mediastinal Mass - p. 190 47. Chapter 36: Esophageal Stricture - p. 196 48. Chapter 37: Esophageal Extrinsic Impressions - p. 198 49. SECTION 3: GASTROINTESTINAL - p. 203 50. Chapter 38: Neonatal Proximal Bowel Obstruction - p. 206 51. Chapter 39: Neonatal Distal Bowel Obstruction - p. 212 52. Chapter 40: Microcolon - p. 218 53. Chapter 41: Dilated Stomach - p. 224 54. Chapter 42: Duodenal Obstruction - p. 228 55. Chapter 43: Small Bowel Obstructions Beyond Neonates - p. 234 56. Chapter 44: Diffusely Abnormal Small Bowel - p. 240 57. Chapter 45: Acute Abdomen in Infants and Children - p. 242 58. Chapter 46: Right Lower Quadrant Pain - p. 248 59. Chapter 47: Abnormal Appendix - p. 254 60. Chapter 48: Intussusception - p. 256 61. Chapter 49: Colitis - p. 258 62. Chapter 50: Pneumatosis - p. 260 63. Chapter 51: Pneumoperitoneum - p. 262 64. Chapter 52: Mesenteric Lesions - p. 266 65. Chapter 53: Cystic Abdominal Mass - p. 270 66. Chapter 54: Abdominal Mass in Neonate - p. 276 67. Chapter 55: Solid Abdominal Mass in Child - p. 282 68. Chapter 56: Abdominal Aortic Anomalies - p. 288 69. Chapter 57: Hepatic Mass in Neonate - p. 292 70. Chapter 58: Hepatic Mass in Child - p. 298 71. Chapter 59: Multiple Liver Lesions - p. 304 72. Chapter 60: Pancreatic Mass - p. 310 73. Chapter 61: Splenic Lesions - p. 316 74. Chapter 62: Abdominal Calcifications in Child - p. 322 75. Chapter 63: Metallic Foreign Bodies - p. 328 76. SECTION 4: GENITOURINARY - p. 329 77. Chapter 64: Retroperitoneal Mass - p. 332 78. Chapter 65: Suprarenal Mass - p. 338 79. Chapter 66: Solid Renal Mass, Solitary - p. 344 80. Chapter 67: Solid Renal Mass, Multifocal - p. 350 81. Chapter 68: Renal Cysts - p. 352 82. Chapter 69: Bilateral Hydronephrosis - p. 358 83. Chapter 70: Unilateral Hydronephrosis - p. 364 84. Chapter 71: Pelvic Mass - p. 370 85. Chapter 72: Ovarian Mass - p. 376 86. Chapter 73: Scrotal Mass - p. 382 87. Chapter 74: Scrotal Pain - p. 388 88. Chapter 75: Bladder Mass - p. 390 89. Chapter 76: Urethral Variations and Abnormalities - p. 394 90. SECTION 5: MUSCULOSKELETAL - p. 399 91. Chapter 77: Epiphyseal Irregularity or Stippling - p. 402 92. Chapter 78: Epiphyseal Overgrowth - p. 406 93. Chapter 79: Dense Metaphyseal Bands and Lines - p. 408 94. Chapter 80: Lucent Metaphyseal Bands and Lines - p. 410 95. Chapter 81: Metaphyseal Fraying/Irregularity - p. 412 96. Chapter 82: Metaphyseal Cupping - p. 414 97. Chapter 83: Physeal Widening - p. 416 98. Chapter 84: Physeal Bridge/Growth Arrest - p. 420 99. Chapter 85: Bubbly Bone Lesion - p. 422 100. Chapter 86: Multifocal Nonaggressive Bone Lesions - p. 428 101. Chapter 87: Multifocal Aggressive Bone Lesions - p. 432 102. Chapter 88: Extensive Marrow Abnormalities - p. 436 103. Chapter 89: Diaphyseal Lesion - p. 438 104. Chapter 90: Sclerotic Bone Lesions - p. 442 105. Chapter 91: Painful Hip - p. 444 106. Chapter 92: Abnormal Femoral Head - p. 450 107. Chapter 93: Coxa Magna Deformity - p. 456 108. Chapter 94: Joint Effusion or Synovitis - p. 458 109. Chapter 95: Arthritis in Child - p. 464 110. Chapter 96: Elbow Fractures - p. 470 111. Chapter 97: Radial Dysplasia/Aplasia - p. 476 112. Chapter 98: Lower Extremity Bowing - p. 478 113. Chapter 99: Congenital Foot Deformity - p. 484 114. Chapter 100: Skeletal Dysplasia With Short Extremities - p. 488 115. Chapter 101: Skeletal Dysplasia With Short Ribs - p. 490 116. Chapter 102: Skeletal Dysplasia With Major Spine Involvement - p. 492 117. Chapter 103: Focal Gigantism/Macrodactyly - p. 494 118. Chapter 104: Soft Tissue Mass - p. 498 119. Chapter 105: Soft Tissue Calcifications - p. 504 120. Chapter 106: Multifocal Periosteal Reaction - p. 508 121. Chapter 107: Child Abuse - p. 512 122. SECTION 6: BRAIN - p. 517 123. Chapter 108: Microcephaly - p. 520 124. Chapter 109: Macrocrania/Macrocephaly - p. 526 125. Chapter 110: Subarachnoid Space Normal Variants - p. 532 126. Chapter 111: Ventriculomegaly - p. 534 127. Chapter 112: Intracranial Hemorrhage - p. 540 128. Chapter 113: Suprasellar Mass - p. 546 129. Chapter 114: Pineal Mass - p. 552 130. Chapter 115: Cerebral Hemisphere Mass - p. 556 131. Chapter 116: Lateral Ventricular Mass - p. 562 132. Chapter 117: Posterior Fossa Neoplasm - p. 566 133. Chapter 118: Cystic-Appearing Posterior Fossa Lesion - p. 572 134. Chapter 119: Extraaxial Mass - p. 578 135. Chapter 120: Brain Tumor in Newborn or Infant - p. 584 136. Chapter 121: Thick Cerebral Cortex - p. 590 137. Chapter 122: Abnormal Shape/Configuration of Corpus Callosum - p. 596 138. Chapter 123: Signal/Attenuation Abnormalities of Corpus Callosum - p. 602 139. Chapter 124: Abnormal Brainstem Morphology - p. 608 140. Chapter 125: Congenital Cerebellar Malformation - p. 612 141. Chapter 126: Intracranial Calcifications - p. 616 142. Chapter 127: Multifocal White Matter Abnormalities - p. 622 143. Chapter 128: Metabolic Disorders Affecting Primarily White Matter - p. 628 144. Chapter 129: Diffuse Abnormalities of Myelination - p. 632 145. Chapter 130: Deep Gray Nuclei Abnormalities - p. 638 146. Chapter 131: Ring-Enhancing Lesions - p. 644 147. Chapter 132: Craniocervical Arterial Stenosis - p. 648 148. Chapter 133: Sulcal or Cisternal Enhancement - p. 652 149. Chapter 134: Skull Base Lesion - p. 657 150. SECTION 7: HEAD AND NECK - p. 661 151. Chapter 135: Stridor - p. 666 152. Chapter 136: Epiglottitis - p. 670 153. Chapter 137: Thickened Retropharyngeal Tissues - p. 672 154. Chapter 138: Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Neck - p. 674 155. Chapter 139: Solid Neck Mass in Neonate - p. 678 156. Chapter 140: Solid Neck Mass in Child - p. 682 157. Chapter 141: Cystic Neck Mass in Child - p. 686 158. Chapter 142: Transspatial Mass - p. 690 159. Chapter 143: Extraluminal Gas in Neck - p. 694 160. Chapter 144: Leukocoria - p. 696 161. Chapter 145: Ocular Lesion - p. 700 162. Chapter 146: Microphthalmos - p. 704 163. Chapter 147: Macrophthalmos - p. 708 164. Chapter 148: Optic Nerve or Nerve Sheath Lesion - p. 712 165. Chapter 149: Rapidly Developing Proptosis - p. 714 166. Chapter 150: Sinonasal Mass - p. 718 167. Chapter 151: Congenital Midline Nasal Lesion - p. 722 168. Chapter 152: Nasal Obstruction in Newborn - p. 724 169. Chapter 153: Congenital Anomalies of Skull Base - p. 726 170. Chapter 154: Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Child - p. 732 171. Chapter 155: Inner Ear Lesion in Child - p. 738 172. Chapter 156: Middle Ear Lesion in Child - p. 742 173. SECTION 8: SPINE - p. 745 174. Chapter 157: Scoliosis - p. 748 175. Chapter 158: Kyphosis - p. 750 176. Chapter 159: Bullet-Shaped Vertebra/Anterior Vertebral Body Beaking - p. 752 177. Chapter 160: Scalloped Vertebral Bodies - p. 754 178. Chapter 161: Vertebra Plana or Platyspondyly - p. 756 179. Chapter 162: Back Pain - p. 760 180. Chapter 163: Spinal Dysraphic Lesion - p. 766 181. Chapter 164: Presacral or Sacrococcygeal Mass - p. 770 182. Chapter 165: Intramedullary Spinal Cord Lesion - p. 776 183. INDEX - p. i
