Genome Chaos: Rethinking Genetics, Evolution, and Molecular Medicine, Second Edition transports readers from Mendelian genetics to 4D genomics, building a case for genes and genomes as distinct biological entities where the genome, rather than individual genes, defines system-level inheritance and represents a clear unit of selection for macroevolution. In this thought-provoking text, Dr. Henry Heng invigorates fresh discussions in Genome Architecture Theory and helps readers reevaluate their current understanding of human genetics, evolution, and new pathways for advancing molecular and precision medicine.
In this timely new edition, Dr. Heng fully embraces the integration of system information with genome-mediated evolutionary mechanisms, and supports this framework with recent findings and growing, interdisciplinary research. Ten evidence-based chapters discuss 4D genomics, genes and genomes as distinct biological entities, genome chaos and cellular macroevolution, karyotype coding and fuzzy inheritance, as well as an entirely novel model of evolution driven by information flow, and more. Brand-new chapters consider the creation and maintenance of system information for complexity and biodiversity, as well as modes of analyzing information-based and historically contingent evolutionary framework. This synthesis offers a revolutionary paradigm of evolutionary theory. It also hypothesizes about how information flow, matter arrangement, and energy interact.
1. Title of Book - p. i 2. Cover image - p. i 3. Title page - p. ii 4. Table of Contents - p. iii 5. Copyright - p. iv 6. Dedication - p. v 7. Preface to the Second Edition - p. xv 8. Preface to the First Edition - p. xxi 9. Acknowledgments for the Second Edition - p. xxv 10. Acknowledgments for the First Edition - p. xxvii 11. Chapter 1. From Mendelian genetics to 4D genomics - p. 1 12. Chapter 2. Genes and genomes represent different biological entities - p. 51 13. Chapter 3. Genome chaos and cellular macroevolution: Unraveling the mystery of cancer through evolutionary cytogenetics - p. 95 14. 3.1 Summary - p. 95 15. 3.2 SOS: We need a new conceptual framework for cancer research - p. 95 16. 3.2.1 Exception versus the general rule: The chronic myeloid leukemia story and the somatic gene mutation theory - p. 97 17. 3.2.2 Cancer genome sequencing: The results challenge the rationale - p. 110 18. 3.2.3 The somatic gene mutation theory is no longer relevant - p. 121 19. 3.2.3.1 Challenging the obvious: Can a few key gene mutations be the molecular basis of carcinogenesis? - p. 121 20. 3.2.3.2 Challenging the concept of sequential accumulation of gene mutations in cancer - p. 124 21. 3.2.3.3 The limitations of searching for hallmarks of cancer - p. 124 22. 3.2.4 Increased calls for new cancer theories - p. 128 23. 3.3 Genome chaos: Rediscovery of the importance of the karyotype in cancer - p. 133 24. 3.4 A new genomic model for cancer evolution - p. 159 25. 3.5 Update for the second edition - p. 167 26. Chapter 4. Karyotype coding and fuzzy inheritance: The genomic basis of bio-information and heterogeneity - p. 173 27. 4.1 Summary - p. 173 28. 4.2 Karyotype coding (or, chromosomal set coding) - p. 174 29. 4.3 Fuzzy inheritance - p. 202 30. 4.3.1 The new inheritance should explain non-Mendelian properties - p. 203 31. 4.3.2 Heterogeneity is a key genomic feature of cellular populations, and the new inheritance needs to explain it - p. 206 32. 4.3.3 The inheritance of heterogeneity in organismal systems in both physiological and pathological conditions - p. 210 33. 4.3.3.1 Inheritance of heterogeneity can be universally observed in all types of organisms - p. 211 34. 4.3.3.2 Abnormal phenotypes and the hidden inheritance of heterogeneity from normal genomes (e.g., in bioelectric plasticity) - p. 213 35. 4.3.4 The definition of fuzzy inheritance and its key differences compared to traditional inheritance - p. 216 36. 4.3.5 The mechanisms of fuzzy inheritance - p. 220 37. 4.3.6 Potential significance and implications of fuzzy inheritance - p. 236 38. 4.4 Overlooked genome variations - p. 240 39. 4.5 Update for the second edition - p. 258 40. Chapter 5. Why sex? Genome reinterpretation dethrones the queen - p. 265 41. Chapter 6. Breaking the genome constraint: The mechanism of macroevolution - p. 301 42. Chapter 7. The creation and maintenance of system information for complexity and diversity - p. 381 43. Chapter 8. Breakthrough by unification: How historical and evolutionary contingency shapes information flow and carrier replacement - p. 433 44. Chapter 9. Genome Architecture Theory: A new framework - p. 503 45. Chapter 10. The rationale and challenges of molecular medicine - p. 565 46. Epilogue (or Why We Did What We Did) (the First Edition) - p. 629 47. Bibliography - p. 635 48. Index - p. 701
Genome Chaos: Rethinking Genetics, Evolution, and Molecular Medicine, Second Edition transports readers from Mendelian genetics to 4D genomics, building a case for genes and genomes as distinct biological entities where the genome, rather than individual genes, defines system-level inheritance and represents a clear unit of selection for macroevolution. In this thought-provoking text, Dr. Henry Heng invigorates fresh discussions in Genome Architecture Theory and helps readers reevaluate their current understanding of human genetics, evolution, and new pathways for advancing molecular and precision medicine.
In this timely new edition, Dr. Heng fully embraces the integration of system information with genome-mediated evolutionary mechanisms, and supports this framework with recent findings and growing, interdisciplinary research. Ten evidence-based chapters discuss 4D genomics, genes and genomes as distinct biological entities, genome chaos and cellular macroevolution, karyotype coding and fuzzy inheritance, as well as an entirely novel model of evolution driven by information flow, and more. Brand-new chapters consider the creation and maintenance of system information for complexity and biodiversity, as well as modes of analyzing information-based and historically contingent evolutionary framework. This synthesis offers a revolutionary paradigm of evolutionary theory. It also hypothesizes about how information flow, matter arrangement, and energy interact.
1. Title of Book - p. i 2. Cover image - p. i 3. Title page - p. ii 4. Table of Contents - p. iii 5. Copyright - p. iv 6. Dedication - p. v 7. Preface to the Second Edition - p. xv 8. Preface to the First Edition - p. xxi 9. Acknowledgments for the Second Edition - p. xxv 10. Acknowledgments for the First Edition - p. xxvii 11. Chapter 1. From Mendelian genetics to 4D genomics - p. 1 12. Chapter 2. Genes and genomes represent different biological entities - p. 51 13. Chapter 3. Genome chaos and cellular macroevolution: Unraveling the mystery of cancer through evolutionary cytogenetics - p. 95 14. 3.1 Summary - p. 95 15. 3.2 SOS: We need a new conceptual framework for cancer research - p. 95 16. 3.2.1 Exception versus the general rule: The chronic myeloid leukemia story and the somatic gene mutation theory - p. 97 17. 3.2.2 Cancer genome sequencing: The results challenge the rationale - p. 110 18. 3.2.3 The somatic gene mutation theory is no longer relevant - p. 121 19. 3.2.3.1 Challenging the obvious: Can a few key gene mutations be the molecular basis of carcinogenesis? - p. 121 20. 3.2.3.2 Challenging the concept of sequential accumulation of gene mutations in cancer - p. 124 21. 3.2.3.3 The limitations of searching for hallmarks of cancer - p. 124 22. 3.2.4 Increased calls for new cancer theories - p. 128 23. 3.3 Genome chaos: Rediscovery of the importance of the karyotype in cancer - p. 133 24. 3.4 A new genomic model for cancer evolution - p. 159 25. 3.5 Update for the second edition - p. 167 26. Chapter 4. Karyotype coding and fuzzy inheritance: The genomic basis of bio-information and heterogeneity - p. 173 27. 4.1 Summary - p. 173 28. 4.2 Karyotype coding (or, chromosomal set coding) - p. 174 29. 4.3 Fuzzy inheritance - p. 202 30. 4.3.1 The new inheritance should explain non-Mendelian properties - p. 203 31. 4.3.2 Heterogeneity is a key genomic feature of cellular populations, and the new inheritance needs to explain it - p. 206 32. 4.3.3 The inheritance of heterogeneity in organismal systems in both physiological and pathological conditions - p. 210 33. 4.3.3.1 Inheritance of heterogeneity can be universally observed in all types of organisms - p. 211 34. 4.3.3.2 Abnormal phenotypes and the hidden inheritance of heterogeneity from normal genomes (e.g., in bioelectric plasticity) - p. 213 35. 4.3.4 The definition of fuzzy inheritance and its key differences compared to traditional inheritance - p. 216 36. 4.3.5 The mechanisms of fuzzy inheritance - p. 220 37. 4.3.6 Potential significance and implications of fuzzy inheritance - p. 236 38. 4.4 Overlooked genome variations - p. 240 39. 4.5 Update for the second edition - p. 258 40. Chapter 5. Why sex? Genome reinterpretation dethrones the queen - p. 265 41. Chapter 6. Breaking the genome constraint: The mechanism of macroevolution - p. 301 42. Chapter 7. The creation and maintenance of system information for complexity and diversity - p. 381 43. Chapter 8. Breakthrough by unification: How historical and evolutionary contingency shapes information flow and carrier replacement - p. 433 44. Chapter 9. Genome Architecture Theory: A new framework - p. 503 45. Chapter 10. The rationale and challenges of molecular medicine - p. 565 46. Epilogue (or Why We Did What We Did) (the First Edition) - p. 629 47. Bibliography - p. 635 48. Index - p. 701
