1. Section I: Introduction to the Screening Process - p. xviii 2. Chapter 1. Introduction to Screening for Referral in Physical Therapy - p. 1 3. Chapter 2. Interviewing as a Screening Tool - p. 35 4. Concepts in Communication - p. 35 5. Interviewing Skills - p. 35 6. Cultural Competence - p. 39 7. The Screening Interview - p. 41 8. Client History and Interview - p. 43 9. Core Interview - p. 70 10. Hospital Inpatient Information - p. 85 11. Physician Referral - p. 87 12. References - p. 91 13. Chapter 3. Pain Types and Viscerogenic Pain Patterns - p. 98 14. Mechanisms of Referred Visceral Pain - p. 98 15. Assessment of Pain and Symptoms - p. 104 16. Sources of Pain - p. 110 17. Types of Pain - p. 117 18. Comparison of Systemic Versus Musculoskeletal Pain Patterns - p. 129 19. Characteristics of Viscerogenic Pain - p. 130 20. Screening for Emotional and Psychologic Overlay - p. 132 21. Screening for Systemic Versus Psychogenic Symptoms - p. 137 22. Physician Referral - p. 142 23. Client History and Interview - p. 144 24. References - p. 147 25. Chapter 4. Physical Assessment as a Screening Tool - p. 152 26. General Survey - p. 152 27. Techniques of Physical Examination - p. 168 28. Integumentary Screening Examination - p. 169 29. Musculoskeletal Screening Examination - p. 195 30. Regional Screening Examination - p. 196 31. Systems review … or … review of systems? - p. 207 32. Physician Referral - p. 209 33. Referral for Imaging - p. 209 34. References - p. 213 35. Chapter 5. Screening for Neurologic Conditions - p. 217 36. Section II: Viscerogenic Causes of Neuromusculoskeletal Pain and Dysfunction - p. 233 37. Chapter 6. Screening for Hematologic Disease - p. 235 38. Chapter 7. Screening for Cardiovascular Disease - p. 249 39. Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 251 40. Cardiac Pathophysiology - p. 253 41. Cardiovascular Disorders - p. 276 42. Laboratory Values - p. 284 43. Screening for the Effects of Cardiovascular Medications - p. 285 44. Physician Referral - p. 286 45. Noncardiac Chest Pain Patterns - p. 292 46. Client History and Interview - p. 293 47. References - p. 295 48. Chapter 8. Screening for Pulmonary Disease - p. 299 49. Chapter 9. Screening for Gastrointestinal Disease - p. 330 50. Chapter 10. Screening for Hepatic and Biliary Disease - p. 366 51. Chapter 11. Screening for Urogenital Disease - p. 389 52. Chapter 12. Screening for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease - p. 416 53. EndocrinE-Associated Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Signs and Symptoms - p. 417 54. Introduction to Metabolism - p. 439 55. Client History and Interview - p. 453 56. References - p. 456 57. Chapter 13. Screening for Immunologic DiseaseErin Green and William Garcia - p. 460 58. Using the Screening Model - p. 460 59. Past Medical History - p. 460 60. Risk Factor Assessment - p. 460 61. Clinical Presentation - p. 461 62. Associated Signs and Symptoms - p. 461 63. Review of Systems - p. 461 64. Immune System Pathophysiology - p. 461 65. Differential Diagnosis - p. 470 66. Physician Referral - p. 492 67. Client History and Interview - p. 493 68. Case Study - p. 494 69. References - p. 496 70. Chapter 14. Screening for Cancer - p. 502 71. Cancer Statistics - p. 502 72. Risk Factor Assessment - p. 504 73. Cancer Prevention - p. 508 74. Major Types of Cancer - p. 509 75. Resources - p. 509 76. Metastases - p. 510 77. Clinical Manifestations of Malignancy - p. 513 78. Oncologic Pain - p. 529 79. Side Effects of Cancer Treatment - p. 530 80. Cancers of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 533 81. Primary Central Nervous System Tumors - p. 537 82. Cancers of the Blood and Lymph System - p. 539 83. Physician Referral - p. 544 84. Client History and Interview - p. 550 85. Case Study - p. 552 86. Practice Questions - p. 553 87. References - p. 554 88. Section III: Systemic Origins of Neuromusculoskeletal Pain and Dysfunction - p. 554 89. Chapter 15. Screening the Head, Neck, and Back - p. 563 90. Using the Screening Model to Evaluate the Head, Neck, or Back - p. 565 91. Location of Pain and Symptoms - p. 570 92. Sources of Pain and Symptoms - p. 577 93. Screening for Oncologic Causes of Back Pain - p. 582 94. Screening for Cardiac Causes of Neck and Back Pain - p. 585 95. Screening for Peripheral Vascular Causes of Back Pain - p. 588 96. Screening for Pulmonary Causes of Neck and Back Pain - p. 592 97. Screening for Renal and Urologic Causes of Back Pain - p. 593 98. Screening for Gastrointestinal Causes of Back Pain - p. 596 99. Screening for Liver and Biliary Causes of Back Pain - p. 599 100. Screening for Gynecologic Causes of Back Pain - p. 600 101. Screening for Male Reproductive Causes of Back Pain - p. 604 102. Screening for Infectious Causes of Back Pain - p. 605 103. Physician Referral - p. 607 104. Client History and Interview - p. 611 105. References - p. 617 106. Chapter 16. Screening the Sacrum, Sacroiliac, and Pelvis - p. 623 107. Chapter 17. Screening the Lower Quadrant: Buttock, Hip, Groin, Thigh, and Leg - p. 654 108. Chapter 18. Screening the Chest, Breasts, and Ribs - p. 689 109. Chapter 19. Screening the Shoulder and Upper Extremity - p. 728 110. Appendix A-1 Quick Screen Checklist - p. e1 111. Appendix A-2 Red Flags - p. e3 112. Appendix A-3 Systemic Causes of Joint Pain - p. e5 113. Appendix A-4 The Referral Process - p. e6 114. Appendix B-1 Screening for Alcohol Abuse: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Questionnaire - p. e7 115. Appendix B-2 Screening for Alcohol Abuse: CAGE Questionnaire - p. e8 116. Appendix B-3 Assault, Intimate Partner Abuse, or Domestic Violence - p. e9 117. Appendix B-4 Screening Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - p. e10 118. Appendix B-5 Screening Bladder Function - p. e11 119. Appendix B-6 Screening Bowel Function - p. e13 120. Appendix B-7 Screening the Breast - p. e14 121. Appendix B-8 Special Questions to Ask: Chest/Thorax - p. e15 122. Appendix B-9 Screening for Depression/Anxiety (See also Appendix B-10, Screening for Depression in Older Adults) - p. e17 123. Appendix B-10 Screening for Depression in Older Adults - p. e18 124. Appendix B-11 Screening for Dizziness - p. e19 125. Appendix B-12 Screening for Dyspnea (Shortness of Breath [SOB]; Dyspnea on Exertion [DOE]) - p. e20 126. Appendix B-13A Screening for Eating Disorders - p. e21 127. Appendix B-13B Resources for Screening for Eating Disorders - p. e22 128. Appendix B-14 Screening Environmental and Work History - p. e23 129. Appendix B-15 Screening for Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) - p. e24 130. Appendix B-16 Screening Questions for Gastrointestinal (GI) Problems - p. e25 131. Appendix B-17 Screening Headaches - p. e26 132. Appendix B-18 Screening Joint Pain (see also Appendix A-3: Systemic Causes of Joint Pain) - p. e27 133. Appendix B-19 Screening Questions for Kidney and Urinary Tract Impairment - p. e28 134. Appendix B-20 Screening for Liver (Hepatic) Impairment - p. e29 135. Appendix B-21 Screening Questions Regarding Soft Tissue Lumps or Skin Lesions - p. e30 136. Appendix B-22 Screening Lymph Nodes - p. e31 137. Appendix B-23 Screening for Medications - p. e32 138. Appendix B-24 Screening for Men Experiencing Back, Hip, Pelvic, Groin, or Sacroiliac Pain - p. e33 139. Appendix B-25 Screening Night Pain - p. e34 140. Appendix B-26 Screening for Side Effects of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) - p. e35 141. Appendix B-27 Screening for Unusual Odors - p. e36 142. Appendix B-28 Screening Pain - p. e37 143. Appendix B-29 Screening for Palpitations (Chest or Heart) - p. e39 144. Appendix B-30 Screening for Prostate Problems - p. e40 145. Appendix B-31 Screening for Psychogenic Source of Symptoms - p. e41 146. Appendix B-32A Taking a Sexual History - p. e42 147. Appendix B-32B Taking a Sexual History - p. e43 148. Appendix B-33 Sexually Transmitted Diseases - p. e44 149. Appendix B-34 Special Questions to Ask: Shoulder and Upper Extremity - p. e45 150. Appendix B-35 Screening Sleep Patterns - p. e47 151. Appendix B-36 Screening for Substance Use/Abuse - p. e48 152. Appendix B-37 Women Experiencing Back, Hip, Pelvic, Groin, Sacroiliac (SI), or Sacral Pain - p. e49 153. Appendix C-1 Family/Personal History - p. e51 154. Appendix C-2 Outpatient Physical/Occupational Therapy Intake - p. e54 155. Appendix C-3 Patient Entry Questionnaire - p. e57 156. Appendix C-4A OSPRO-YF Assessment Tool - p. e60 157. Appendix C-4B Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Red Flag Symptom Item Bank - p. e62 158. Appendix C-5A Wells’ Clinical Decision Rule for DVT - p. e65 159. Appendix C-5B Simplified Wells’ Criteria for the Clinical Assessment of Pulmonary Embolism - p. e66 160. Appendix C-5C Possible Predictors of Upper Extremity DVT - p. e67 161. Appendix C-6 Osteoporosis Screening Evaluation - p. e68 162. Appendix C-7 Pain Assessment Record Form - p. e69 163. Appendix C-8 Risk Factor Assessmentfor Skin Cancer - p. e71 164. Appendix C-9 Examining a Skin Lesion or Mass - p. e72 165. Appendix D-1 Guide to Physical Assessment in a Screening Examination - p. e73 166. Appendix D-2 Extremity ExaminationChecklist - p. e74 167. Appendix D-3 Hand and Nail Bed Assessment - p. e75 168. Appendix D-4 Peripheral VascularAssessment - p. e76 169. Answers to Practice Questions - p. e77 170. Index - p. 757 171. Inside Back Cover - p. 794
1. Section I: Introduction to the Screening Process - p. xviii 2. Chapter 1. Introduction to Screening for Referral in Physical Therapy - p. 1 3. Chapter 2. Interviewing as a Screening Tool - p. 35 4. Concepts in Communication - p. 35 5. Interviewing Skills - p. 35 6. Cultural Competence - p. 39 7. The Screening Interview - p. 41 8. Client History and Interview - p. 43 9. Core Interview - p. 70 10. Hospital Inpatient Information - p. 85 11. Physician Referral - p. 87 12. References - p. 91 13. Chapter 3. Pain Types and Viscerogenic Pain Patterns - p. 98 14. Mechanisms of Referred Visceral Pain - p. 98 15. Assessment of Pain and Symptoms - p. 104 16. Sources of Pain - p. 110 17. Types of Pain - p. 117 18. Comparison of Systemic Versus Musculoskeletal Pain Patterns - p. 129 19. Characteristics of Viscerogenic Pain - p. 130 20. Screening for Emotional and Psychologic Overlay - p. 132 21. Screening for Systemic Versus Psychogenic Symptoms - p. 137 22. Physician Referral - p. 142 23. Client History and Interview - p. 144 24. References - p. 147 25. Chapter 4. Physical Assessment as a Screening Tool - p. 152 26. General Survey - p. 152 27. Techniques of Physical Examination - p. 168 28. Integumentary Screening Examination - p. 169 29. Musculoskeletal Screening Examination - p. 195 30. Regional Screening Examination - p. 196 31. Systems review … or … review of systems? - p. 207 32. Physician Referral - p. 209 33. Referral for Imaging - p. 209 34. References - p. 213 35. Chapter 5. Screening for Neurologic Conditions - p. 217 36. Section II: Viscerogenic Causes of Neuromusculoskeletal Pain and Dysfunction - p. 233 37. Chapter 6. Screening for Hematologic Disease - p. 235 38. Chapter 7. Screening for Cardiovascular Disease - p. 249 39. Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 251 40. Cardiac Pathophysiology - p. 253 41. Cardiovascular Disorders - p. 276 42. Laboratory Values - p. 284 43. Screening for the Effects of Cardiovascular Medications - p. 285 44. Physician Referral - p. 286 45. Noncardiac Chest Pain Patterns - p. 292 46. Client History and Interview - p. 293 47. References - p. 295 48. Chapter 8. Screening for Pulmonary Disease - p. 299 49. Chapter 9. Screening for Gastrointestinal Disease - p. 330 50. Chapter 10. Screening for Hepatic and Biliary Disease - p. 366 51. Chapter 11. Screening for Urogenital Disease - p. 389 52. Chapter 12. Screening for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease - p. 416 53. EndocrinE-Associated Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Signs and Symptoms - p. 417 54. Introduction to Metabolism - p. 439 55. Client History and Interview - p. 453 56. References - p. 456 57. Chapter 13. Screening for Immunologic DiseaseErin Green and William Garcia - p. 460 58. Using the Screening Model - p. 460 59. Past Medical History - p. 460 60. Risk Factor Assessment - p. 460 61. Clinical Presentation - p. 461 62. Associated Signs and Symptoms - p. 461 63. Review of Systems - p. 461 64. Immune System Pathophysiology - p. 461 65. Differential Diagnosis - p. 470 66. Physician Referral - p. 492 67. Client History and Interview - p. 493 68. Case Study - p. 494 69. References - p. 496 70. Chapter 14. Screening for Cancer - p. 502 71. Cancer Statistics - p. 502 72. Risk Factor Assessment - p. 504 73. Cancer Prevention - p. 508 74. Major Types of Cancer - p. 509 75. Resources - p. 509 76. Metastases - p. 510 77. Clinical Manifestations of Malignancy - p. 513 78. Oncologic Pain - p. 529 79. Side Effects of Cancer Treatment - p. 530 80. Cancers of the Musculoskeletal System - p. 533 81. Primary Central Nervous System Tumors - p. 537 82. Cancers of the Blood and Lymph System - p. 539 83. Physician Referral - p. 544 84. Client History and Interview - p. 550 85. Case Study - p. 552 86. Practice Questions - p. 553 87. References - p. 554 88. Section III: Systemic Origins of Neuromusculoskeletal Pain and Dysfunction - p. 554 89. Chapter 15. Screening the Head, Neck, and Back - p. 563 90. Using the Screening Model to Evaluate the Head, Neck, or Back - p. 565 91. Location of Pain and Symptoms - p. 570 92. Sources of Pain and Symptoms - p. 577 93. Screening for Oncologic Causes of Back Pain - p. 582 94. Screening for Cardiac Causes of Neck and Back Pain - p. 585 95. Screening for Peripheral Vascular Causes of Back Pain - p. 588 96. Screening for Pulmonary Causes of Neck and Back Pain - p. 592 97. Screening for Renal and Urologic Causes of Back Pain - p. 593 98. Screening for Gastrointestinal Causes of Back Pain - p. 596 99. Screening for Liver and Biliary Causes of Back Pain - p. 599 100. Screening for Gynecologic Causes of Back Pain - p. 600 101. Screening for Male Reproductive Causes of Back Pain - p. 604 102. Screening for Infectious Causes of Back Pain - p. 605 103. Physician Referral - p. 607 104. Client History and Interview - p. 611 105. References - p. 617 106. Chapter 16. Screening the Sacrum, Sacroiliac, and Pelvis - p. 623 107. Chapter 17. Screening the Lower Quadrant: Buttock, Hip, Groin, Thigh, and Leg - p. 654 108. Chapter 18. Screening the Chest, Breasts, and Ribs - p. 689 109. Chapter 19. Screening the Shoulder and Upper Extremity - p. 728 110. Appendix A-1 Quick Screen Checklist - p. e1 111. Appendix A-2 Red Flags - p. e3 112. Appendix A-3 Systemic Causes of Joint Pain - p. e5 113. Appendix A-4 The Referral Process - p. e6 114. Appendix B-1 Screening for Alcohol Abuse: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Questionnaire - p. e7 115. Appendix B-2 Screening for Alcohol Abuse: CAGE Questionnaire - p. e8 116. Appendix B-3 Assault, Intimate Partner Abuse, or Domestic Violence - p. e9 117. Appendix B-4 Screening Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - p. e10 118. Appendix B-5 Screening Bladder Function - p. e11 119. Appendix B-6 Screening Bowel Function - p. e13 120. Appendix B-7 Screening the Breast - p. e14 121. Appendix B-8 Special Questions to Ask: Chest/Thorax - p. e15 122. Appendix B-9 Screening for Depression/Anxiety (See also Appendix B-10, Screening for Depression in Older Adults) - p. e17 123. Appendix B-10 Screening for Depression in Older Adults - p. e18 124. Appendix B-11 Screening for Dizziness - p. e19 125. Appendix B-12 Screening for Dyspnea (Shortness of Breath [SOB]; Dyspnea on Exertion [DOE]) - p. e20 126. Appendix B-13A Screening for Eating Disorders - p. e21 127. Appendix B-13B Resources for Screening for Eating Disorders - p. e22 128. Appendix B-14 Screening Environmental and Work History - p. e23 129. Appendix B-15 Screening for Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) - p. e24 130. Appendix B-16 Screening Questions for Gastrointestinal (GI) Problems - p. e25 131. Appendix B-17 Screening Headaches - p. e26 132. Appendix B-18 Screening Joint Pain (see also Appendix A-3: Systemic Causes of Joint Pain) - p. e27 133. Appendix B-19 Screening Questions for Kidney and Urinary Tract Impairment - p. e28 134. Appendix B-20 Screening for Liver (Hepatic) Impairment - p. e29 135. Appendix B-21 Screening Questions Regarding Soft Tissue Lumps or Skin Lesions - p. e30 136. Appendix B-22 Screening Lymph Nodes - p. e31 137. Appendix B-23 Screening for Medications - p. e32 138. Appendix B-24 Screening for Men Experiencing Back, Hip, Pelvic, Groin, or Sacroiliac Pain - p. e33 139. Appendix B-25 Screening Night Pain - p. e34 140. Appendix B-26 Screening for Side Effects of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) - p. e35 141. Appendix B-27 Screening for Unusual Odors - p. e36 142. Appendix B-28 Screening Pain - p. e37 143. Appendix B-29 Screening for Palpitations (Chest or Heart) - p. e39 144. Appendix B-30 Screening for Prostate Problems - p. e40 145. Appendix B-31 Screening for Psychogenic Source of Symptoms - p. e41 146. Appendix B-32A Taking a Sexual History - p. e42 147. Appendix B-32B Taking a Sexual History - p. e43 148. Appendix B-33 Sexually Transmitted Diseases - p. e44 149. Appendix B-34 Special Questions to Ask: Shoulder and Upper Extremity - p. e45 150. Appendix B-35 Screening Sleep Patterns - p. e47 151. Appendix B-36 Screening for Substance Use/Abuse - p. e48 152. Appendix B-37 Women Experiencing Back, Hip, Pelvic, Groin, Sacroiliac (SI), or Sacral Pain - p. e49 153. Appendix C-1 Family/Personal History - p. e51 154. Appendix C-2 Outpatient Physical/Occupational Therapy Intake - p. e54 155. Appendix C-3 Patient Entry Questionnaire - p. e57 156. Appendix C-4A OSPRO-YF Assessment Tool - p. e60 157. Appendix C-4B Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Red Flag Symptom Item Bank - p. e62 158. Appendix C-5A Wells’ Clinical Decision Rule for DVT - p. e65 159. Appendix C-5B Simplified Wells’ Criteria for the Clinical Assessment of Pulmonary Embolism - p. e66 160. Appendix C-5C Possible Predictors of Upper Extremity DVT - p. e67 161. Appendix C-6 Osteoporosis Screening Evaluation - p. e68 162. Appendix C-7 Pain Assessment Record Form - p. e69 163. Appendix C-8 Risk Factor Assessmentfor Skin Cancer - p. e71 164. Appendix C-9 Examining a Skin Lesion or Mass - p. e72 165. Appendix D-1 Guide to Physical Assessment in a Screening Examination - p. e73 166. Appendix D-2 Extremity ExaminationChecklist - p. e74 167. Appendix D-3 Hand and Nail Bed Assessment - p. e75 168. Appendix D-4 Peripheral VascularAssessment - p. e76 169. Answers to Practice Questions - p. e77 170. Index - p. 757 171. Inside Back Cover - p. 794
