Molten Salt Reactors is a comprehensive reference on the status of molten salt reactor (MSR) research and thorium fuel utilization.
There is growing awareness that nuclear energy is needed to complement intermittent energy sources and to avoid pollution from fossil fuels. Light water reactors are complex, expensive, and vulnerable to core melt, steam explosions, and hydrogen explosions, so better technology is needed. MSRs could operate safely at nearly atmospheric pressure and high temperature, yielding efficient electrical power generation, desalination, actinide incineration, hydrogen production, and other industrial heat applications.
Coverage includes:
This book is a collaboration of 58 authors from 23 countries, written in cooperation with the International Thorium Molten Salt Forum. It can serve as a reference for engineers and scientists, and it can be used as a textbook for graduate students and advanced undergrads.
Molten Salt Reactors is the only complete review of the technology currently available, making this an essential text for anyone reviewing the use of MSRs and thorium fuel, including students, nuclear researchers, industrial engineers, and policy makers.
1. 1. Introduction - p. 1 2. 2. Electricity production - p. 13 3. 3. Chemical fundamentals and applications of molten salts - p. 29 4. 4. Reactor physics of MSR - p. 93 5. 5. Kinetics, dynamics, and neutron noise in stationary MSRs - p. 111 6. Abstract - p. 111 7. 5.1 Introduction - p. 111 8. 5.2 The MSR model - p. 113 9. 5.3 The static equations - p. 114 10. 5.4 Space–time-dependent transient during start-up - p. 125 11. 5.5 Dynamic equations in the frequency domain: neutron noise - p. 140 12. 5.6 The point kinetic approximation and the point kinetic component - p. 148 13. 5.7 The neutron noise in an MSR, induced by propagating perturbations - p. 159 14. 5.8 Conclusions - p. 164 15. Acknowledgment - p. 164 16. References - p. 164 17. 6. Thermal hydraulics of liquid-fueled MSRs - p. 167 18. 7. Materials - p. 189 19. 8. Chemical processing of liquid fuel - p. 209 20. 9. Environment, waste, and resources - p. 231 21. 10. Nonproliferation and safeguards aspects of the MSR fuel cycle - p. 261 22. 11. Liquid fuel, thermal neutron spectrum reactors - p. 281 23. 12. Fast-spectrum, liquid-fueled reactors - p. 375 24. 13. Solid fuel, salt-cooled reactors - p. 435 25. 14. Static liquid fuel reactors - p. 475 26. 15. Accelerator-driven systems - p. 495 27. 16. Fusion–fission hybrids - p. 523 28. 17. Thorium molten salt reactor nuclear energy system (TMSR) - p. 531 29. 18. Integral molten salt reactor - p. 541 30. 19. ThorCon reactor - p. 557 31. 20. Safety assessment of the molten salt fast reactor (SAMOFAR) - p. 565 32. 21. Stable salt fast reactor - p. 571 33. 22. Transatomic Power - p. 581 34. 23. Copenhagen Atomics waste burner - p. 599 35. 24. Molten salt thermal wasteburner - p. 609 36. 25. Dual-fluid reactor - p. 619 37. 26. Worldwide activities - p. 635 38. 26.1. Australia - p. 635 39. 26.2. Canada - p. 640 40. 26.3. Czech Republic - p. 641 41. 26.4. China - p. 645 42. 26.5. Denmark - p. 646 43. 26.6. France - p. 647 44. 26.7. Germany - p. 649 45. 26.8. India - p. 654 46. 26.9. Indonesia - p. 680 47. 26.10. Italy - p. 683 48. 26.11. Japan - p. 687 49. 26.12. Korea - p. 690 50. 26.13. Netherlands - p. 693 51. 26.14. Norway - p. 695 52. 26.15. Russia - p. 700 53. Physics and chemistry of MSR materials - p. 701 54. Subcritical MSR systems for minor actinide incineration - p. 701 55. Thorium-based reactor and its fuel cycle - p. 703 56. Fast MSR with U-Pu fuel cycle - p. 703 57. References - p. 703 58. 26.16. South Africa - p. 703 59. 26.17. Sweden - p. 718 60. 26.18. Switzerland - p. 724 61. 26.19. Turkey - p. 733 62. 26.20. United Kingdom - p. 743 63. 26.21. Ukraine - p. 746 64. 26.22. United States of America - p. 754 65. 26.23. Venezuela - p. 765 66. 27. Issues and conclusions - p. 775 67. Appendix A. Abbreviations - p. 779 68. Index - p. 789
Molten Salt Reactors is a comprehensive reference on the status of molten salt reactor (MSR) research and thorium fuel utilization.
There is growing awareness that nuclear energy is needed to complement intermittent energy sources and to avoid pollution from fossil fuels. Light water reactors are complex, expensive, and vulnerable to core melt, steam explosions, and hydrogen explosions, so better technology is needed. MSRs could operate safely at nearly atmospheric pressure and high temperature, yielding efficient electrical power generation, desalination, actinide incineration, hydrogen production, and other industrial heat applications.
Coverage includes:
This book is a collaboration of 58 authors from 23 countries, written in cooperation with the International Thorium Molten Salt Forum. It can serve as a reference for engineers and scientists, and it can be used as a textbook for graduate students and advanced undergrads.
Molten Salt Reactors is the only complete review of the technology currently available, making this an essential text for anyone reviewing the use of MSRs and thorium fuel, including students, nuclear researchers, industrial engineers, and policy makers.
1. 1. Introduction - p. 1 2. 2. Electricity production - p. 13 3. 3. Chemical fundamentals and applications of molten salts - p. 29 4. 4. Reactor physics of MSR - p. 93 5. 5. Kinetics, dynamics, and neutron noise in stationary MSRs - p. 111 6. Abstract - p. 111 7. 5.1 Introduction - p. 111 8. 5.2 The MSR model - p. 113 9. 5.3 The static equations - p. 114 10. 5.4 Space–time-dependent transient during start-up - p. 125 11. 5.5 Dynamic equations in the frequency domain: neutron noise - p. 140 12. 5.6 The point kinetic approximation and the point kinetic component - p. 148 13. 5.7 The neutron noise in an MSR, induced by propagating perturbations - p. 159 14. 5.8 Conclusions - p. 164 15. Acknowledgment - p. 164 16. References - p. 164 17. 6. Thermal hydraulics of liquid-fueled MSRs - p. 167 18. 7. Materials - p. 189 19. 8. Chemical processing of liquid fuel - p. 209 20. 9. Environment, waste, and resources - p. 231 21. 10. Nonproliferation and safeguards aspects of the MSR fuel cycle - p. 261 22. 11. Liquid fuel, thermal neutron spectrum reactors - p. 281 23. 12. Fast-spectrum, liquid-fueled reactors - p. 375 24. 13. Solid fuel, salt-cooled reactors - p. 435 25. 14. Static liquid fuel reactors - p. 475 26. 15. Accelerator-driven systems - p. 495 27. 16. Fusion–fission hybrids - p. 523 28. 17. Thorium molten salt reactor nuclear energy system (TMSR) - p. 531 29. 18. Integral molten salt reactor - p. 541 30. 19. ThorCon reactor - p. 557 31. 20. Safety assessment of the molten salt fast reactor (SAMOFAR) - p. 565 32. 21. Stable salt fast reactor - p. 571 33. 22. Transatomic Power - p. 581 34. 23. Copenhagen Atomics waste burner - p. 599 35. 24. Molten salt thermal wasteburner - p. 609 36. 25. Dual-fluid reactor - p. 619 37. 26. Worldwide activities - p. 635 38. 26.1. Australia - p. 635 39. 26.2. Canada - p. 640 40. 26.3. Czech Republic - p. 641 41. 26.4. China - p. 645 42. 26.5. Denmark - p. 646 43. 26.6. France - p. 647 44. 26.7. Germany - p. 649 45. 26.8. India - p. 654 46. 26.9. Indonesia - p. 680 47. 26.10. Italy - p. 683 48. 26.11. Japan - p. 687 49. 26.12. Korea - p. 690 50. 26.13. Netherlands - p. 693 51. 26.14. Norway - p. 695 52. 26.15. Russia - p. 700 53. Physics and chemistry of MSR materials - p. 701 54. Subcritical MSR systems for minor actinide incineration - p. 701 55. Thorium-based reactor and its fuel cycle - p. 703 56. Fast MSR with U-Pu fuel cycle - p. 703 57. References - p. 703 58. 26.16. South Africa - p. 703 59. 26.17. Sweden - p. 718 60. 26.18. Switzerland - p. 724 61. 26.19. Turkey - p. 733 62. 26.20. United Kingdom - p. 743 63. 26.21. Ukraine - p. 746 64. 26.22. United States of America - p. 754 65. 26.23. Venezuela - p. 765 66. 27. Issues and conclusions - p. 775 67. Appendix A. Abbreviations - p. 779 68. Index - p. 789
