Netter's Integrated Review of Medicine
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title Page - p. i 3. Table of Contents - p. i 4. Copyright - p. ii 5. Dedication - p. iii 6. Preface - p. v 7. About the Editor - p. vii 8. About the Artists - p. ix 9. Section Editors - p. xi 10. Contributors - p. xiii 11. Section 1 Common Symptoms - p. xxii 12. Chapter 1 Headache - p. 1 13. Chapter 2 Dizziness - p. 5 14. Chapter 3 Cough - p. 9 15. Chapter 4 Sore Throat - p. 12 16. Chapter 5 Syncope - p. 15 17. Chapter 6 Chest Pain - p. 18 18. Chapter 7 Dyspnea - p. 21 19. Chapter 8 Nausea and Vomiting - p. 23 20. Chapter 9 Jaundice - p. 25 21. Chapter 10 Abdominal Pain - p. 29 22. Chapter 11 Gastrointestinal Bleeding - p. 33 23. Chapter 12 Constipation - p. 37 24. Chapter 13 Diarrhea - p. 41 25. Chapter 14 Hematuria - p. 45 26. Chapter 15 Joint Pain - p. 49 27. Section 2 Common Examination Findings - p. 52 28. Chapter 16 Altered Mental Status - p. 53 29. Chapter 17 Fever - p. 59 30. Chapter 18 Shock - p. 63 31. Chapter 19 Hypertensive Crisis - p. 67 32. Chapter 20 Tachycardia - p. 70 33. Chapter 21 Bradycardia - p. 74 34. Chapter 22 Cardiac Murmurs - p. 79 35. Chapter 23 Hypoxemia - p. 83 36. Chapter 24 Adventitial Lung Sounds - p. 86 37. Chapter 25 Ascites - p. 89 38. Chapter 26 Lower Extremity Edema - p. 93 39. Section 3 Common Abnormalities in Blood Tests - p. 95 40. Chapter 27 Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia - p. 97 41. Chapter 28 Hyperkalemia and Hypokalemia - p. 101 42. Chapter 29 Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia - p. 106 43. Chapter 30 Acute Kidney Injury - p. 111 44. Chapter 31 Acid-Base Disturbances - p. 115 45. Chapter 32 Anemia - p. 119 46. Chapter 33 Thrombocytopenia - p. 123 47. Chapter 34 Abnormal Coagulation Studies - p. 126 48. Chapter 35 Abnormal Liver Function Tests - p. 130 49. Chapter 36 Elevated Troponin - p. 133 50. Section 4 Performance and Interpretation of Common Tests and Procedures - p. 135 51. Chapter 37 Urinalysis - p. 136 52. Chapter 38 Electrocardiogram (ECG) - p. 140 53. Chapter 39 Chest Radiography - p. 147 54. Chapter 40 Peripheral Blood Smear - p. 151 55. Chapter 41 CT Scan of the Head - p. 157 56. Chapter 42 CT Scan of the Chest - p. 161 57. Chapter 43 CT Scan of the Abdomen and Pelvis - p. 167 58. Chapter 44 Abdominal Ultrasound - p. 172 59. Chapter 45 Endoscopy and Colonoscopy - p. 177 60. Chapter 46 Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - p. 181 61. Chapter 47 Mechanical Ventilation - p. 187 62. Chapter 48 Echocardiography - p. 192 63. Chapter 49 Arterial Blood Gas - p. 197 64. Chapter 50 Central Venous Catheterization - p. 201 65. Chapter 51 Lumbar Puncture - p. 205 66. Chapter 52 Thoracentesis - p. 209 67. Chapter 53 Paracentesis - p. 213 68. Chapter 54 Renal Replacement Therapy - p. 217 69. Section 5 Cardiovascular Diseases - p. 221 70. Chapter 55 Cardiovascular System Anatomy Review - p. 222 71. Chapter 56 Cardiovascular System Physiology Review - p. 227 72. Chapter 57 Coronary Artery Disease and Stable Angina - p. 232 73. Chapter 58 Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 236 74. Chapter 59 Heart Failure - p. 240 75. Chapter 60 Atrial Fibrillation - p. 245 76. Chapter 61 Pericarditis and Pericardial Effusions - p. 249 77. Chapter 62 Aortic Stenosis - p. 253 78. Chapter 63 Mitral Regurgitation - p. 258 79. Chapter 64 Aortic Dissection - p. 263 80. Chapter 65 Aortic Aneurysm - p. 267 81. Chapter 66 Hypertension - p. 270 82. Chapter 67 Hyperlipidemia - p. 275 83. Section 6 Endocrine Diseases - p. 278 84. Chapter 68 Pancreas Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 279 85. Chapter 69 Diabetes Mellitus - p. 283 86. Chapter 70 Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State - p. 289 87. Chapter 71 Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 293 88. Chapter 72 Hypothyroidism - p. 298 89. Chapter 73 Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis - p. 301 90. Chapter 74 Hyperparathyroidism - p. 306 91. Chapter 75 Osteoporosis - p. 311 92. Chapter 76 Adrenal Glands Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 316 93. Chapter 77 Cushing Syndrome - p. 322 94. Chapter 78 Adrenal Insufficiency - p. 326 95. Chapter 79 Adrenal Masses - p. 330 96. Chapter 80 Pituitary Gland Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 333 97. Chapter 81 Pituitary Masses - p. 338 98. Section 7 Pulmonary Diseases - p. 343 99. Chapter 82 Respiratory System Anatomy Review - p. 344 100. Chapter 83 Respiratory System Physiology Review - p. 349 101. Chapter 84 Asthma - p. 354 102. Chapter 85 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - p. 359 103. Chapter 86 Cystic Fibrosis - p. 363 104. Chapter 87 Sleep Apnea - p. 368 105. Chapter 88 Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease - p. 371 106. Chapter 89 Pulmonary Embolism - p. 381 107. Chapter 90 Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 386 108. Chapter 91 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - p. 392 109. Section 8 Renal Diseases - p. 395 110. Chapter 92 Urinary System Anatomy Review - p. 396 111. Chapter 93 Urinary System Physiology Review - p. 401 112. Chapter 94 Acute Tubular Necrosis - p. 405 113. Chapter 95 Glomerulonephritis - p. 409 114. Chapter 96 Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis - p. 412 115. Chapter 97 Nephrotic Syndrome - p. 415 116. Chapter 98 Polycystic Kidney Disease - p. 419 117. Chapter 99 Nephrolithiasis - p. 422 118. Chapter 100 Chronic Kidney Disease - p. 426 119. Section 9 Rheumatological Diseases - p. 429 120. Chapter 101 Osteoarthritis - p. 430 121. Chapter 102 Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 434 122. Chapter 103 Septic Arthritis and Bursitis - p. 439 123. Chapter 104 Gout - p. 443 124. Chapter 105 Spondyloarthridities - p. 448 125. Chapter 106 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - p. 452 126. Chapter 107 Systemic Sclerosis - p. 457 127. Chapter 108 Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis - p. 461 128. Chapter 109 Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Temporal Arteritis - p. 467 129. Chapter 110 Vasculitides - p. 471 130. Section 10 Infectious Diseases - p. 477 131. Chapter 111 Sepsis - p. 478 132. Chapter 112 Cellulitis - p. 482 133. Chapter 113 Meningitis - p. 485 134. Chapter 114 Pneumonia - p. 488 135. Chapter 115 Tuberculosis - p. 494 136. Chapter 116 Infective Endocarditis - p. 499 137. Chapter 117 Gastroenteritis - p. 503 138. Chapter 118 Cholangitis - p. 506 139. Chapter 119 Clostridioides (Formerly Clostridium) difficile Colitis - p. 510 140. Chapter 120 Urinary Tract Infection - p. 513 141. Chapter 121 Urethritis - p. 518 142. Chapter 122 Osteomyelitis - p. 521 143. Chapter 123 HIV/AIDS - p. 526 144. Chapter 124 HIV/AIDS - p. 530 145. Section 11 Gastrointestinal Diseases - p. 533 146. Chapter 125 Gastrointestinal System Anatomy Review - p. 534 147. Chapter 126 Gastrointestinal System Physiology Review - p. 541 148. Chapter 127 Achalasia - p. 545 149. Chapter 128 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Barrett Esophagus - p. 547 150. Chapter 129 Peptic Ulcer Disease and Helicobacter pylori - p. 551 151. Chapter 130 Biliary Disease - p. 555 152. Chapter 131 Acute Pancreatitis - p. 560 153. Chapter 132 Irritable Bowel Syndrome - p. 563 154. Chapter 133 Celiac Disease - p. 566 155. Chapter 134 Inflammatory Bowel Disease - p. 569 156. Chapter 135 Acute Liver Failure - p. 573 157. Chapter 136 Viral Hepatitis - p. 577 158. Chapter 137 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) - p. 581 159. Chapter 138 Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease - p. 585 160. Chapter 139 Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension - p. 588 161. Section 12 Diseases of Blood Cells - p. 592 162. Chapter 140 Sickle Cell Disease - p. 593 163. Chapter 141 Thalassemia - p. 597 164. Chapter 142 Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA) - p. 601 165. Chapter 143 Hemophilia - p. 607 166. Chapter 144 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - p. 610 167. Chapter 145 Hypercoagulable States and Deep Venous Thrombosis - p. 613 168. Chapter 146 Multiple Myeloma - p. 619 169. Chapter 147 Amyloidosis - p. 623 170. Chapter 148 Lymphoma - p. 627 171. Chapter 149 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - p. 633 172. Chapter 150 Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) - p. 636 173. Chapter 151 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - p. 639 174. Chapter 152 Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) - p. 642 175. Chapter 153 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms - p. 645 176. Chapter 154 Aplastic Anemia (AA) - p. 649 177. Section 13 Solid Organ Tumors - p. 651 178. Chapter 155 Breast Cancer - p. 652 179. Chapter 156 Thyroid Cancer and Thyroid Nodules - p. 657 180. Chapter 157 Lung Cancer - p. 663 181. Chapter 158 Esophageal Cancer - p. 668 182. Chapter 159 Gastric Cancer - p. 671 183. Chapter 160 Colorectal Cancer (CRC) - p. 675 184. Chapter 161 Pancreatic Cancer - p. 680 185. Chapter 162 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) - p. 684 186. Chapter 163 Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - p. 688 187. Chapter 164 Bladder Cancer - p. 692 188. Chapter 165 Melanoma - p. 695 189. Chapter 166 Prostate Cancer - p. 698 190. Appendix Further Readings - p. e1 191. Index - p. 703
Netter's Integrated Review of Medicine
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title Page - p. i 3. Table of Contents - p. i 4. Copyright - p. ii 5. Dedication - p. iii 6. Preface - p. v 7. About the Editor - p. vii 8. About the Artists - p. ix 9. Section Editors - p. xi 10. Contributors - p. xiii 11. Section 1 Common Symptoms - p. xxii 12. Chapter 1 Headache - p. 1 13. Chapter 2 Dizziness - p. 5 14. Chapter 3 Cough - p. 9 15. Chapter 4 Sore Throat - p. 12 16. Chapter 5 Syncope - p. 15 17. Chapter 6 Chest Pain - p. 18 18. Chapter 7 Dyspnea - p. 21 19. Chapter 8 Nausea and Vomiting - p. 23 20. Chapter 9 Jaundice - p. 25 21. Chapter 10 Abdominal Pain - p. 29 22. Chapter 11 Gastrointestinal Bleeding - p. 33 23. Chapter 12 Constipation - p. 37 24. Chapter 13 Diarrhea - p. 41 25. Chapter 14 Hematuria - p. 45 26. Chapter 15 Joint Pain - p. 49 27. Section 2 Common Examination Findings - p. 52 28. Chapter 16 Altered Mental Status - p. 53 29. Chapter 17 Fever - p. 59 30. Chapter 18 Shock - p. 63 31. Chapter 19 Hypertensive Crisis - p. 67 32. Chapter 20 Tachycardia - p. 70 33. Chapter 21 Bradycardia - p. 74 34. Chapter 22 Cardiac Murmurs - p. 79 35. Chapter 23 Hypoxemia - p. 83 36. Chapter 24 Adventitial Lung Sounds - p. 86 37. Chapter 25 Ascites - p. 89 38. Chapter 26 Lower Extremity Edema - p. 93 39. Section 3 Common Abnormalities in Blood Tests - p. 95 40. Chapter 27 Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia - p. 97 41. Chapter 28 Hyperkalemia and Hypokalemia - p. 101 42. Chapter 29 Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia - p. 106 43. Chapter 30 Acute Kidney Injury - p. 111 44. Chapter 31 Acid-Base Disturbances - p. 115 45. Chapter 32 Anemia - p. 119 46. Chapter 33 Thrombocytopenia - p. 123 47. Chapter 34 Abnormal Coagulation Studies - p. 126 48. Chapter 35 Abnormal Liver Function Tests - p. 130 49. Chapter 36 Elevated Troponin - p. 133 50. Section 4 Performance and Interpretation of Common Tests and Procedures - p. 135 51. Chapter 37 Urinalysis - p. 136 52. Chapter 38 Electrocardiogram (ECG) - p. 140 53. Chapter 39 Chest Radiography - p. 147 54. Chapter 40 Peripheral Blood Smear - p. 151 55. Chapter 41 CT Scan of the Head - p. 157 56. Chapter 42 CT Scan of the Chest - p. 161 57. Chapter 43 CT Scan of the Abdomen and Pelvis - p. 167 58. Chapter 44 Abdominal Ultrasound - p. 172 59. Chapter 45 Endoscopy and Colonoscopy - p. 177 60. Chapter 46 Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - p. 181 61. Chapter 47 Mechanical Ventilation - p. 187 62. Chapter 48 Echocardiography - p. 192 63. Chapter 49 Arterial Blood Gas - p. 197 64. Chapter 50 Central Venous Catheterization - p. 201 65. Chapter 51 Lumbar Puncture - p. 205 66. Chapter 52 Thoracentesis - p. 209 67. Chapter 53 Paracentesis - p. 213 68. Chapter 54 Renal Replacement Therapy - p. 217 69. Section 5 Cardiovascular Diseases - p. 221 70. Chapter 55 Cardiovascular System Anatomy Review - p. 222 71. Chapter 56 Cardiovascular System Physiology Review - p. 227 72. Chapter 57 Coronary Artery Disease and Stable Angina - p. 232 73. Chapter 58 Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 236 74. Chapter 59 Heart Failure - p. 240 75. Chapter 60 Atrial Fibrillation - p. 245 76. Chapter 61 Pericarditis and Pericardial Effusions - p. 249 77. Chapter 62 Aortic Stenosis - p. 253 78. Chapter 63 Mitral Regurgitation - p. 258 79. Chapter 64 Aortic Dissection - p. 263 80. Chapter 65 Aortic Aneurysm - p. 267 81. Chapter 66 Hypertension - p. 270 82. Chapter 67 Hyperlipidemia - p. 275 83. Section 6 Endocrine Diseases - p. 278 84. Chapter 68 Pancreas Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 279 85. Chapter 69 Diabetes Mellitus - p. 283 86. Chapter 70 Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State - p. 289 87. Chapter 71 Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 293 88. Chapter 72 Hypothyroidism - p. 298 89. Chapter 73 Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis - p. 301 90. Chapter 74 Hyperparathyroidism - p. 306 91. Chapter 75 Osteoporosis - p. 311 92. Chapter 76 Adrenal Glands Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 316 93. Chapter 77 Cushing Syndrome - p. 322 94. Chapter 78 Adrenal Insufficiency - p. 326 95. Chapter 79 Adrenal Masses - p. 330 96. Chapter 80 Pituitary Gland Anatomy and Physiology Review - p. 333 97. Chapter 81 Pituitary Masses - p. 338 98. Section 7 Pulmonary Diseases - p. 343 99. Chapter 82 Respiratory System Anatomy Review - p. 344 100. Chapter 83 Respiratory System Physiology Review - p. 349 101. Chapter 84 Asthma - p. 354 102. Chapter 85 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - p. 359 103. Chapter 86 Cystic Fibrosis - p. 363 104. Chapter 87 Sleep Apnea - p. 368 105. Chapter 88 Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease - p. 371 106. Chapter 89 Pulmonary Embolism - p. 381 107. Chapter 90 Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 386 108. Chapter 91 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - p. 392 109. Section 8 Renal Diseases - p. 395 110. Chapter 92 Urinary System Anatomy Review - p. 396 111. Chapter 93 Urinary System Physiology Review - p. 401 112. Chapter 94 Acute Tubular Necrosis - p. 405 113. Chapter 95 Glomerulonephritis - p. 409 114. Chapter 96 Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis - p. 412 115. Chapter 97 Nephrotic Syndrome - p. 415 116. Chapter 98 Polycystic Kidney Disease - p. 419 117. Chapter 99 Nephrolithiasis - p. 422 118. Chapter 100 Chronic Kidney Disease - p. 426 119. Section 9 Rheumatological Diseases - p. 429 120. Chapter 101 Osteoarthritis - p. 430 121. Chapter 102 Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 434 122. Chapter 103 Septic Arthritis and Bursitis - p. 439 123. Chapter 104 Gout - p. 443 124. Chapter 105 Spondyloarthridities - p. 448 125. Chapter 106 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - p. 452 126. Chapter 107 Systemic Sclerosis - p. 457 127. Chapter 108 Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis - p. 461 128. Chapter 109 Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Temporal Arteritis - p. 467 129. Chapter 110 Vasculitides - p. 471 130. Section 10 Infectious Diseases - p. 477 131. Chapter 111 Sepsis - p. 478 132. Chapter 112 Cellulitis - p. 482 133. Chapter 113 Meningitis - p. 485 134. Chapter 114 Pneumonia - p. 488 135. Chapter 115 Tuberculosis - p. 494 136. Chapter 116 Infective Endocarditis - p. 499 137. Chapter 117 Gastroenteritis - p. 503 138. Chapter 118 Cholangitis - p. 506 139. Chapter 119 Clostridioides (Formerly Clostridium) difficile Colitis - p. 510 140. Chapter 120 Urinary Tract Infection - p. 513 141. Chapter 121 Urethritis - p. 518 142. Chapter 122 Osteomyelitis - p. 521 143. Chapter 123 HIV/AIDS - p. 526 144. Chapter 124 HIV/AIDS - p. 530 145. Section 11 Gastrointestinal Diseases - p. 533 146. Chapter 125 Gastrointestinal System Anatomy Review - p. 534 147. Chapter 126 Gastrointestinal System Physiology Review - p. 541 148. Chapter 127 Achalasia - p. 545 149. Chapter 128 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Barrett Esophagus - p. 547 150. Chapter 129 Peptic Ulcer Disease and Helicobacter pylori - p. 551 151. Chapter 130 Biliary Disease - p. 555 152. Chapter 131 Acute Pancreatitis - p. 560 153. Chapter 132 Irritable Bowel Syndrome - p. 563 154. Chapter 133 Celiac Disease - p. 566 155. Chapter 134 Inflammatory Bowel Disease - p. 569 156. Chapter 135 Acute Liver Failure - p. 573 157. Chapter 136 Viral Hepatitis - p. 577 158. Chapter 137 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) - p. 581 159. Chapter 138 Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease - p. 585 160. Chapter 139 Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension - p. 588 161. Section 12 Diseases of Blood Cells - p. 592 162. Chapter 140 Sickle Cell Disease - p. 593 163. Chapter 141 Thalassemia - p. 597 164. Chapter 142 Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA) - p. 601 165. Chapter 143 Hemophilia - p. 607 166. Chapter 144 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - p. 610 167. Chapter 145 Hypercoagulable States and Deep Venous Thrombosis - p. 613 168. Chapter 146 Multiple Myeloma - p. 619 169. Chapter 147 Amyloidosis - p. 623 170. Chapter 148 Lymphoma - p. 627 171. Chapter 149 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - p. 633 172. Chapter 150 Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) - p. 636 173. Chapter 151 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) - p. 639 174. Chapter 152 Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) - p. 642 175. Chapter 153 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms - p. 645 176. Chapter 154 Aplastic Anemia (AA) - p. 649 177. Section 13 Solid Organ Tumors - p. 651 178. Chapter 155 Breast Cancer - p. 652 179. Chapter 156 Thyroid Cancer and Thyroid Nodules - p. 657 180. Chapter 157 Lung Cancer - p. 663 181. Chapter 158 Esophageal Cancer - p. 668 182. Chapter 159 Gastric Cancer - p. 671 183. Chapter 160 Colorectal Cancer (CRC) - p. 675 184. Chapter 161 Pancreatic Cancer - p. 680 185. Chapter 162 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) - p. 684 186. Chapter 163 Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - p. 688 187. Chapter 164 Bladder Cancer - p. 692 188. Chapter 165 Melanoma - p. 695 189. Chapter 166 Prostate Cancer - p. 698 190. Appendix Further Readings - p. e1 191. Index - p. 703
