Neurochemical Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease provides a comprehensive overview of molecular aspects of risk factors, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies. The book focuses on molecular mechanisms and signal transduction processes associated with the pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies of AD. The comprehensive and cutting edge information in this monograph may not only help in early detection of AD, but also promote discovery of new drugs to treat this chronic disease. Chapters discuss involvement of neural membrane phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators, abnormal APP processing, and nucleic acid damage, risk factors, biomarker, and therapeutic strategies of Alzheimer's disease. This book is written for neurologists, neuroscientists, neurochemists, neuropharmacologists, and clinicianswho are interested in molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of age-related neurological disorders.
1. Introduction - p. 2 2. Properties and Roles of Amyloid Precursor and Tau Proteins in Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 5 3. Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing - p. 9 4. Nonamyloidogenic Signaling in the Normal Brain - p. 11 5. Amyloidogenic Signaling in Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 12 6. Involvement of Aβ and Tau in Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 16 7. Degradation of Aβ in the Brain and Factors That Modulate Aβ Clearance - p. 19 8. Modulation of Levels of Aβ-Derived Diffusible Ligands by Lipids and Carbohydrate Metabolism - p. 23 9. Interactions of Aβ-Derived Diffusible Ligands With Various Receptors and Other Proteins - p. 25 10. Limitations of Aβ Cascade Hypothesis - p. 27 11. Conclusion - p. 31 12. Chapter 2. Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 47 13. Introduction - p. 47 14. Aging as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 49 15. Diet as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 54 16. Sedentary Lifestyle as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 61 17. Disturbance in Sleep as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 63 18. Genes as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 66 19. Environmental Factors as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 72 20. Epigenetic Factors as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 74 21. Conclusion - p. 76 22. Chapter 3. Contribution of Neural Membrane Phospholipids, Sphingolipids, and Cholesterol in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 93 23. Chapter 4. Contribution of Nucleic Acids in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 129 24. Chapter 5. Type II Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome as Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 163 25. Introduction - p. 163 26. Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to Complications in Type II Diabetes - p. 168 27. Type II Diabetes as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 172 28. Metabolic Syndrome and Its Effects on the Brain - p. 177 29. Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 178 30. Lipid Mediators in Type II Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 185 31. Long-Term Consumption of High-Calorie Diet as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 187 32. Conclusion - p. 188 33. Chapter 6. Contribution of Neuroinflammation in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 201 34. Introduction - p. 202 35. Acute Neuroinflammation - p. 204 36. Chronic Neuroinflammation - p. 206 37. Activation of Microglial Cells in the Brain - p. 207 38. Contribution of Microglial Cell in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 213 39. Contribution of Astrocyte Activation in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 221 40. Crosstalk Among Neurons, Astrocytes, and Microglial Cells - p. 228 41. Conclusion - p. 232 42. Chapter 7. Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 247 43. Chapter 8. Potential Treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 279 44. Introduction - p. 280 45. Cholinergic Strategies for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 281 46. Memantine for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 284 47. Sectretase Inhibitors and Modulators for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 286 48. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 290 49. Statins for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 293 50. Mediterranean Diet and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 295 51. Curcumin and the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 301 52. Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 304 53. Therapeutic Potentials of Neurogenesis for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 306 54. Other Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 308 55. Tau-Directed Alzheimer’s Disease Therapies - p. 311 56. Calorie Restriction and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 313 57. Healthy Lifestyle and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 313 58. Conclusion - p. 315 59. Chapter 9. Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 331 60. Chapter 10. Perspective, Summary, and Directions for Future Research on Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 361 61. Index - p. 387
Neurochemical Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease provides a comprehensive overview of molecular aspects of risk factors, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies. The book focuses on molecular mechanisms and signal transduction processes associated with the pathogenesis, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies of AD. The comprehensive and cutting edge information in this monograph may not only help in early detection of AD, but also promote discovery of new drugs to treat this chronic disease. Chapters discuss involvement of neural membrane phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators, abnormal APP processing, and nucleic acid damage, risk factors, biomarker, and therapeutic strategies of Alzheimer's disease. This book is written for neurologists, neuroscientists, neurochemists, neuropharmacologists, and clinicianswho are interested in molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of age-related neurological disorders.
1. Introduction - p. 2 2. Properties and Roles of Amyloid Precursor and Tau Proteins in Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 5 3. Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing - p. 9 4. Nonamyloidogenic Signaling in the Normal Brain - p. 11 5. Amyloidogenic Signaling in Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 12 6. Involvement of Aβ and Tau in Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 16 7. Degradation of Aβ in the Brain and Factors That Modulate Aβ Clearance - p. 19 8. Modulation of Levels of Aβ-Derived Diffusible Ligands by Lipids and Carbohydrate Metabolism - p. 23 9. Interactions of Aβ-Derived Diffusible Ligands With Various Receptors and Other Proteins - p. 25 10. Limitations of Aβ Cascade Hypothesis - p. 27 11. Conclusion - p. 31 12. Chapter 2. Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 47 13. Introduction - p. 47 14. Aging as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 49 15. Diet as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 54 16. Sedentary Lifestyle as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 61 17. Disturbance in Sleep as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 63 18. Genes as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 66 19. Environmental Factors as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 72 20. Epigenetic Factors as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 74 21. Conclusion - p. 76 22. Chapter 3. Contribution of Neural Membrane Phospholipids, Sphingolipids, and Cholesterol in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 93 23. Chapter 4. Contribution of Nucleic Acids in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 129 24. Chapter 5. Type II Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome as Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 163 25. Introduction - p. 163 26. Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to Complications in Type II Diabetes - p. 168 27. Type II Diabetes as Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 172 28. Metabolic Syndrome and Its Effects on the Brain - p. 177 29. Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 178 30. Lipid Mediators in Type II Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 185 31. Long-Term Consumption of High-Calorie Diet as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 187 32. Conclusion - p. 188 33. Chapter 6. Contribution of Neuroinflammation in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 201 34. Introduction - p. 202 35. Acute Neuroinflammation - p. 204 36. Chronic Neuroinflammation - p. 206 37. Activation of Microglial Cells in the Brain - p. 207 38. Contribution of Microglial Cell in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 213 39. Contribution of Astrocyte Activation in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 221 40. Crosstalk Among Neurons, Astrocytes, and Microglial Cells - p. 228 41. Conclusion - p. 232 42. Chapter 7. Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 247 43. Chapter 8. Potential Treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 279 44. Introduction - p. 280 45. Cholinergic Strategies for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 281 46. Memantine for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 284 47. Sectretase Inhibitors and Modulators for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 286 48. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 290 49. Statins for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 293 50. Mediterranean Diet and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 295 51. Curcumin and the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 301 52. Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 304 53. Therapeutic Potentials of Neurogenesis for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 306 54. Other Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 308 55. Tau-Directed Alzheimer’s Disease Therapies - p. 311 56. Calorie Restriction and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 313 57. Healthy Lifestyle and Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 313 58. Conclusion - p. 315 59. Chapter 9. Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 331 60. Chapter 10. Perspective, Summary, and Directions for Future Research on Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 361 61. Index - p. 387
