Pediatric Dermatology DDX Deck In

1. Introduction: How to use this DDX Deck - p. iv 2.    Primary and secondary lesions - p. iv 3. Section 1: Blisters (Vesicles and Bullae) - p. 4 4. 1.  Herpes simplex infections - p. 4 5. 2.  Varicella and herpes zoster - p. 10 6. 3.  Hand, foot, and mouth disease - p. 14 7. 4.  Impetigo and ecthyma - p. 16 8. 5.  Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) - p. 18 9. 6.  Linear IgA dermatosis - p. 20 10. 7.  Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) - p. 20 11. 8.  Pemphigus - p. 22 12. 9.  Pemphigoid - p. 24 13. 10.  Epidermolysis bullosa, non-scarring - p. 26 14. 11.  Epidermolysis bullosa, scarring - p. 28 15. 12.  Epidermolytic ichthyosis - p. 32 16. 13.  Incontinentia pigmenti - p. 32 17. 14.  Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis - p. 34 18. 15.  Sucking blisters - p. 34 19. 16.  Miliaria - p. 36 20. 17.  Bullous drug reactions - p. 36 21. Section 2: Mucosal Erosions (Blister Bases) - p. 38 22. 18.  Aphthous ulcers - p. 38 23. 19.  Geographic tongue - p. 40 24. 20.  Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) - p. 42 25. 21.  Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) - p. 44 26. 22.  Mucosal erosions in immunobullous and hereditary bullous diseases - p. 44 27. Section 3: Pustular Lesions - p. 46 28. 23.  Erythema toxicum and transient neonatal pustular melanosis - p. 46 29. 24.  Infantile acropustulosis - p. 46 30. 25.  Folliculitis - p. 48 31. 26.  Acne and perioficial dermatitis - p. 50 32. 27.  Pyoderma gangrenosum - p. 56 33. 28.  Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) - p. 56 34. Section 4: Red Papules and Nodules - p. 58 35. 29.  Furunculosis and cellulitis - p. 58 36. 30.  Necrotizing fasciitis - p. 60 37. 31.  Mycobacterial infections - p. 60 38. 32.  Viral exanthems - p. 62 39. 33.  Gianotti–Crosti syndrome - p. 64 40. 34.  Scarlet fever - p. 64 41. 35.  Kawasaki disease - p. 66 42. 36.  DRESS syndrome - p. 68 43. 37.  Cutaneous larva migrans - p. 68 44. 38.  Papular urticaria and spider bites - p. 70 45. 39.  Scabies - p. 72 46. 40.  Syphilis - p. 74 47. 41.  Erythema multiforme (EM) - p. 76 48. 42.  Fixed drug eruptions - p. 78 49. 43.  Morbilliform and urticarial drug eruptions - p. 80 50. 44.  Erythema nodosum (EN) - p. 82 51. 45.  Panniculitis - p. 84 52. 46.  Dermatofibromas - p. 86 53. 47.  Keloids and hypertrophic scars - p. 86 54. 48.  Angiofibromas - p. 88 55. 49.  Congenital self-healing reticulohistiocytosis (CSHR) - p. 90 56. 50.  Malignant tumors - p. 92 57. Section 5: Flat Vascular Lesions, Blanching - p. 94 58. 51.  Mottling - p. 94 59. 52.  Cutis marmorata telangiectasia congenita (CMTC) - p. 94 60. 53.  Livedo reticularis - p. 96 61. 54.  Urticaria and dermographism - p. 98 62. 55.  Port-wine stains and nevus simplex - p. 102 63. 56.  Vascular spiders - p. 106 64. 57.  Neonatal lupus erythematosus - p. 108 65. Section 6: Raised Blanching Vascular Lesions - p. 110 66. 58.  Hemangiomas - p. 110 67. 59.  Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis - p. 116 68. 60.  Tufted angiomas - p. 118 69. 61.  Hemangioendothelioma - p. 120 70. 62.  Pyogenic granuloma - p. 120 71. 63.  Lymphatic malformations - p. 122 72. 64.  Venous malformations - p. 124 73. Section 7: Non-Blanching Vascular Lesions (Petechiae and Purpura) - p. 126 74. 65.  Vasculitis (Henoch–Schönlein purpura) - p. 126 75. 66.  Periarteritis nodosa - p. 130 76. 67.  Pernio - p. 132 77. 68.  Progressive pigmented purpura (PPP) - p. 134 78. Section 8: Papulosquamous Eruptions - p. 136 79. 69.  Pityriasis rosea (PR) - p. 136 80. 70.  Psoriasis - p. 138 81. 71.  Pityriasis lichenoides - p. 144 82. 72.  Lichen planus (LP) and lichen nitidus - p. 146 83. 73.  Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) - p. 150 84. 74.  Lichen striatus - p. 152 85. 75.  Porokeratosis of Mibelli - p. 154 86. 76.  Lupus erythematosus (LE) - p. 156 87. 77.  Dermatomyositis - p. 160 88. 78.  Ichthyosis - p. 162 89. 79.  Darier’s disease (keratosis follicularis) - p. 166 90. 80.  Tinea (dermatophyte infections) - p. 168 91. Section 9: Eczematous Disorders (Red with Disruption of Skin Surface) - p. 172 92. 81.  Atopic dermatitis (AD) - p. 172 93. 82.  Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) - p. 178 94. 83.  Juvenile plantar dermatosis - p. 182 95. 84.  Nummular dermatitis - p. 182 96. 85.  Seborrheic dermatitis - p. 184 97. 86.  Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) - p. 186 98. 87.  Diaper dermatitis - p. 188 99. 88.  Intertrigo - p. 190 100. 89.  Candidiasis - p. 192 101. 90.  Perianal cellulitis - p. 194 102. 91.  Acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) - p. 196 103. Section 10: Skin-Colored Papules and Nodules with a Rough Surface - p. 198 104. 92.  Warts - p. 198 105. 93.  Epidermal nevi - p. 204 106. 94.  Keratosis pilaris (KP) - p. 206 107. 95.  Corns and calluses - p. 208 108. Section 11: Skin-Colored Papules and Nodules with a Smooth Surface - p. 210 109. 96.  Molluscum contagiosum - p. 210 110. 97.  Milia and sebaceous hyperplasia - p. 212 111. 98.  Epidermal cysts - p. 214 112. 99.  Dermoid cysts - p. 216 113. 100.  Pilomatricoma and trichoepithelioma - p. 218 114. 101.  Granuloma annulare - p. 220 115. 102.  Neurofibroma and lipomas - p. 222 116. 103.  Piezogenic papules - p. 222 117. 104.  Sweat gland tumors - p. 224 118. Section 12: White Lesions - p. 226 119. 105.  Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation and pityriasis alba - p. 226 120. 106.  Vitiligo - p. 228 121. 107.  Lichen sclerosus (LS) - p. 230 122. 108.  Morphea - p. 232 123. 109.  Halo nevus - p. 234 124. 110.  Nevus depigmentosus and linear and whorled nevoid hypomelanosis (LWNH—Blaschkoid hypomelanosis—hypomelanosis of ito) - p. 236 125. 111.  Nevus anemicus - p. 238 126. 112.  Ash leaf macules - p. 238 127. 113.  Piebaldism - p. 240 128. 114.  Waardenburg syndrome (WS) - p. 240 129. 115.  Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) - p. 242 130. 116.  Tinea versicolor - p. 244 131. Section 13: Flat Brown Lesions - p. 246 132. 117.  Mongolian spots - p. 246 133. 118.  Nevus of ota - p. 246 134. 119.  Café-au-lait macules (CALMs) - p. 248 135. 120.  Freckles - p. 248 136. 121.  Lentigines - p. 250 137. 122.  Nevus spilus - p. 250 138. 123.  Junctional nevi - p. 252 139. 124.  Becker’s nevus - p. 252 140. 125.  Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation - p. 254 141. 126.  Mosaic hyperpigmentation - p. 254 142. Section 14: Raised Brown Lesions - p. 256 143. 127.  Congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) - p. 256 144. 128.  Intradermal melanocytic nevi - p. 258 145. 129.  Melanoma - p. 262 146. 130.  Pilar and smooth muscle hamartomas - p. 262 147. 131.  Mastocytosis - p. 264 148. 132.  Benign cephalic histiocytosis - p. 266 149. 133.  Acanthosis nigricans (AN) - p. 266 150. 134.  Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) - p. 268 151. Section 15: Yellow Lesions - p. 270 152. 135.  Nevus sebaceus - p. 270 153. 136.  Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) - p. 270 154. 137.  Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD) - p. 272 155. 138.  Focal dermal hypoplasia - p. 272 156. Section 16: Congenital Circumscribed Hair Loss - p. 274 157. 139.  Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) - p. 274 158. 140.  Congenital triangular alopecia - p. 276 159. Section 17: Acquired Circumscribed Hair Loss - p. 278 160. 141.  Alopecia areata (AA) - p. 278 161. 142.  Tinea capitis and kerion - p. 280 162. 143.  Traction alopecia and hair pulling - p. 282 163. Section 18: Congenital Diffuse Hair Loss - p. 284 164. 144.  Ectodermal dysplasias (ED) - p. 284 165. 145.  Hair shaft defects - p. 286 166. 146.  Congenital atrichia with papules - p. 288 167. Section 19: Acquired Diffuse Hair Loss - p. 290 168. 147.  Telogen and anagen effluvium - p. 290 169. Section 20: Thickened Nails - p. 292 170. 148.  Congenital malalignment of the great toe - p. 292 171. 149.  Pachyonychia congenita (PC) - p. 292 172. 150.  Ectodermal dysplasia (nails) - p. 294 173. 151.  Median nail dystrophy - p. 294 174. 152.  Trachyonychia (20 nail dystrophy) - p. 296 175. 153.  Psoriasis nails - p. 296 176. 154.  Lichen planus nails - p. 298 177. Section 21: Thin, Slow-Growing, or Loss of Nail - p. 300 178. 155.  Ectodermal dysplasia and nail-patella syndrome - p. 300 179. Section 22: Pitted Lesions - p. 302 180. 156.  Ear pits and lip pits - p. 302 181. 157.  Pitted keratolysis - p. 302 182. Section 23: Involvement of Palms and Soles - p. 304 183. 158.  Palmoplantar keratodermas (PPK) - p. 304 184. Section 24: Photodistribution (Sun-Induced Lesions) - p. 306 185. 159.  Sunburn - p. 306 186. 160.  Phytophotodermatitis - p. 308 187. 161.  Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) - p. 310 188. 162.  Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) - p. 312 189. Section 25: Annular Arrangements - p. 314 190. 163.  Annular arrangement - p. 314 191. Section 26: Linear or Curvilinear Arrangements - p. 316 192. 164.  Linear or curvilinear arrangement - p. 316 193. Index - p. 321 194. A guide to topical steroids in children - p. 322