Learn from world-class pediatric neurologists and pediatric neuroradiologists in this exciting new case-study text. The study of clinical cases for which neuroimaging is essential in the differential diagnosis is an unexplored way of learning pediatric neurology and addresses the gap that exists between the child neurologist and the pediatric neuroradiologist. Seventy cases are presented across 15 chapters; each chapter covers an area of neuropediatrics in which the joint clinical work between neuroradiologists and child neurologists has had the greatest impact (including epilepsy, CNS infections, congenital errors of metabolism, and others). The authors highlight Clinical Red Flags and Imaging Red Flags in every case to convey these critical take-aways to the reader. Everyone from the trainee to the seasoned clinician will learn something new from this text.
• Offers case-based teaching with a disorders approach, to review the indications of a particular neurodiagnostic method. • Includes clinical pearls in every case to support the indication of neuroimaging (to be called "Clinical Red Flags" and "Imaging Red Flags". • Includes the differential diagnosis based on the radiological findings.
1. Cover image - p. c 2. Title page - p. i 3. Copyright - p. ii 4. Dedication - p. iii 5. Contributiors - p. iv 6. Preface - p. x 7. Abbreviations - p. xi 8. Contents - p. xiii 9. SECTION 1 Headache - p. 1 10. Case 1 When Sinuses Are the Cause of a Headache - p. 3 11. Case 2 The Brain Also Suffers From Obesity - p. 11 12. Case 3 When the Hindbrain Causes Headache - p. 15 13. Case 4 The Brain Also Faints - p. 25 14. Case 5 The Worst Headache of My Life - p. 34 15. Case 6 Not All Hemiparesis Is a Stroke - p. 43 16. Case 7 Children Can Also Have Microstrokes - p. 48 17. SECTION 2 Neonatal Neurology - p. 57 18. Case 8 Full-Term Infant With Seizure - p. 59 19. Case 9 Preterm Infant With Ventricular Dilatation - p. 65 20. Case 10 Infants Can Have Strokes Too - p. 70 21. Case 11 Preterm Infant With Hypotonia - p. 73 22. SECTION 3 Cerebral Palsy - p. 79 23. Case 12 My Baby Is Left-Handed - p. 81 24. Case 13 The Infant With Asymmetric Posture - p. 85 25. Case 14 Return to the Perinatal History - p. 89 26. Case 15 Pay Attention to Preterm Babies - p. 92 27. SECTION 4 Epilepsy - p. 95 28. Case 16 Ironing Out the Cause of Seizures - p. 97 29. Case 17 Long-Term Epilepsy-Associated Tumors - p. 104 30. Case 18 Focus on the Etiology - p. 109 31. Case 19 Skin Is the Window to the Brain - p. 114 32. Case 20 Secondary Seizures - p. 121 33. SECTION 5 Central Nervous System Vascular Disease - p. 128 34. Case 21 Postinfectious Stroke - p. 130 35. Case 22 Hidden Impact - p. 136 36. Case 23 From Heart to Brain - p. 141 37. Case 24 Asymmetric Worsening - p. 145 38. Case 25 Remember the Veins - p. 150 39. Case 26 Boy in the Barrel - p. 154 40. Case 27 High Flow, High Pain - p. 160 41. SECTION 6 Neurodegenerative Diseases - p. 167 42. Case 28 A Child Who Drops Very Quickly in His School Performance - p. 169 43. Case 29 Head Circumference Is Increasing While the Child Is Deteriorating - p. 174 44. Case 30 The Infant Who Loses Ambulation - p. 178 45. Case 31 Child With Nystagmus, Dystonia, and Developmental Failure - p. 182 46. Case 32 Infant With Brittle Hair, Seizures, and Neurological Deterioration - p. 186 47. SECTION 7 Neurometabolic Disorders - p. 193 48. Case 33 Widened Sylvian Fissures and Basal Ganglia - p. 195 49. Case 34 Intramyelinic Edema in Infancy - p. 197 50. Case 35 Stroke-Like Episodes - p. 200 51. Case 36 Severe Neonatal Communicating Hydrocephalus - p. 202 52. SECTION 8 Neuroinfections in Childhood - p. 205 53. Case 37 Limbic Encephalitis: A Double Hit - p. 207 54. Case 38 Complications of the Pandemic - p. 212 55. Case 39 Parasites in the Brain - p. 217 56. Case 40 Endemic Infection: Lying in Wait - p. 221 57. Case 41 Cerebral Malaria - p. 226 58. SECTION 9 Pediatric Brain Tumors - p. 231 59. Case 42 Posterior Fossa Emergency - p. 233 60. Case 43 Sticky in the Sella - p. 238 61. Case 44 Midline Menace - p. 243 62. Case 45 Temporal Trouble - p. 247 63. Case 46 Jumping Into Orbit - p. 250 64. SECTION 10 Other Autoimmune Disorders - p. 254 65. Case 47 Insult to the Deep Gray Nuclei - p. 256 66. Case 48 Inflammatory Emesis - p. 259 67. Case 49 Postinfectious Ataxia - p. 261 68. Case 50 Progressive Hemiseizures - p. 264 69. SECTION 11 Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System - p. 267 70. Case 51 When the Central Nervous System Loses Color - p. 269 71. Case 52 Altered Mentation and Myelitis - p. 274 72. Case 53 When the Spinal Cord Takes Off Its Coat - p. 278 73. Case 54 When Emotional Lability Is Not Psychiatric - p. 283 74. Case 55 Recurrent Discoordination - p. 288 75. SECTION 12 Neurocutaneous Syndromes - p. 293 76. Case 56 Spots Here, There, and Everywhere - p. 295 77. Case 57 Café au Lait: Tip of the Iceberg - p. 301 78. Case 58 Mysteries of the Hairless Plaque - p. 305 79. Case 59 Port-Wine and the Brain - p. 309 80. SECTION 13 Traumatic Brain Injury - p. 312 81. Case 60 Buckle Up! - p. 314 82. Case 61 The Eyes Have It - p. 319 83. Case 62 Severe TBI: What Is the Outlook? - p. 324 84. Case 63 Moderate TBI: How to Tell? - p. 326 85. Case 64 Penetrating Injury - p. 328 86. Case 65 Pedestrian Struck - p. 330 87. Case 66 The Dreaded Epidural - p. 332 88. Case 67 Spectrum of Subdurals - p. 334 89. Case 68 The Killer Bed - p. 336 90. SECTION 14 Movement Disorders and Ataxia - p. 338 91. Case 69 Ataxic and Metallic - p. 340 92. Case 70 Yellow and Drooling - p. 343 93. Case 71 Acute Hemichorea and More - p. 346 94. Case 72 Eye of the Tiger - p. 349 95. Case 73 Boxed In - p. 352 96. SECTION 15 Neurologic Complications of Systemic Diseases - p. 357 97. Case 74 White Matter Climate Change - p. 359 98. Case 75 When Kidneys and Brain Cry - p. 362 99. Case 76 Brain Changes Under Pressure - p. 366 100. Case 77 Tell Me How You Eat and I Will Tell You How You Walk - p. 369 101. Case 78 Sickle Cell Disease, Brain, Skull, and Bones - p. 375 102. Case Index - p. 378 103. Diagnosis Index - p. 379 104. Subject Index - p. 381
Learn from world-class pediatric neurologists and pediatric neuroradiologists in this exciting new case-study text. The study of clinical cases for which neuroimaging is essential in the differential diagnosis is an unexplored way of learning pediatric neurology and addresses the gap that exists between the child neurologist and the pediatric neuroradiologist. Seventy cases are presented across 15 chapters; each chapter covers an area of neuropediatrics in which the joint clinical work between neuroradiologists and child neurologists has had the greatest impact (including epilepsy, CNS infections, congenital errors of metabolism, and others). The authors highlight Clinical Red Flags and Imaging Red Flags in every case to convey these critical take-aways to the reader. Everyone from the trainee to the seasoned clinician will learn something new from this text.
• Offers case-based teaching with a disorders approach, to review the indications of a particular neurodiagnostic method. • Includes clinical pearls in every case to support the indication of neuroimaging (to be called "Clinical Red Flags" and "Imaging Red Flags". • Includes the differential diagnosis based on the radiological findings.
1. Cover image - p. c 2. Title page - p. i 3. Copyright - p. ii 4. Dedication - p. iii 5. Contributiors - p. iv 6. Preface - p. x 7. Abbreviations - p. xi 8. Contents - p. xiii 9. SECTION 1 Headache - p. 1 10. Case 1 When Sinuses Are the Cause of a Headache - p. 3 11. Case 2 The Brain Also Suffers From Obesity - p. 11 12. Case 3 When the Hindbrain Causes Headache - p. 15 13. Case 4 The Brain Also Faints - p. 25 14. Case 5 The Worst Headache of My Life - p. 34 15. Case 6 Not All Hemiparesis Is a Stroke - p. 43 16. Case 7 Children Can Also Have Microstrokes - p. 48 17. SECTION 2 Neonatal Neurology - p. 57 18. Case 8 Full-Term Infant With Seizure - p. 59 19. Case 9 Preterm Infant With Ventricular Dilatation - p. 65 20. Case 10 Infants Can Have Strokes Too - p. 70 21. Case 11 Preterm Infant With Hypotonia - p. 73 22. SECTION 3 Cerebral Palsy - p. 79 23. Case 12 My Baby Is Left-Handed - p. 81 24. Case 13 The Infant With Asymmetric Posture - p. 85 25. Case 14 Return to the Perinatal History - p. 89 26. Case 15 Pay Attention to Preterm Babies - p. 92 27. SECTION 4 Epilepsy - p. 95 28. Case 16 Ironing Out the Cause of Seizures - p. 97 29. Case 17 Long-Term Epilepsy-Associated Tumors - p. 104 30. Case 18 Focus on the Etiology - p. 109 31. Case 19 Skin Is the Window to the Brain - p. 114 32. Case 20 Secondary Seizures - p. 121 33. SECTION 5 Central Nervous System Vascular Disease - p. 128 34. Case 21 Postinfectious Stroke - p. 130 35. Case 22 Hidden Impact - p. 136 36. Case 23 From Heart to Brain - p. 141 37. Case 24 Asymmetric Worsening - p. 145 38. Case 25 Remember the Veins - p. 150 39. Case 26 Boy in the Barrel - p. 154 40. Case 27 High Flow, High Pain - p. 160 41. SECTION 6 Neurodegenerative Diseases - p. 167 42. Case 28 A Child Who Drops Very Quickly in His School Performance - p. 169 43. Case 29 Head Circumference Is Increasing While the Child Is Deteriorating - p. 174 44. Case 30 The Infant Who Loses Ambulation - p. 178 45. Case 31 Child With Nystagmus, Dystonia, and Developmental Failure - p. 182 46. Case 32 Infant With Brittle Hair, Seizures, and Neurological Deterioration - p. 186 47. SECTION 7 Neurometabolic Disorders - p. 193 48. Case 33 Widened Sylvian Fissures and Basal Ganglia - p. 195 49. Case 34 Intramyelinic Edema in Infancy - p. 197 50. Case 35 Stroke-Like Episodes - p. 200 51. Case 36 Severe Neonatal Communicating Hydrocephalus - p. 202 52. SECTION 8 Neuroinfections in Childhood - p. 205 53. Case 37 Limbic Encephalitis: A Double Hit - p. 207 54. Case 38 Complications of the Pandemic - p. 212 55. Case 39 Parasites in the Brain - p. 217 56. Case 40 Endemic Infection: Lying in Wait - p. 221 57. Case 41 Cerebral Malaria - p. 226 58. SECTION 9 Pediatric Brain Tumors - p. 231 59. Case 42 Posterior Fossa Emergency - p. 233 60. Case 43 Sticky in the Sella - p. 238 61. Case 44 Midline Menace - p. 243 62. Case 45 Temporal Trouble - p. 247 63. Case 46 Jumping Into Orbit - p. 250 64. SECTION 10 Other Autoimmune Disorders - p. 254 65. Case 47 Insult to the Deep Gray Nuclei - p. 256 66. Case 48 Inflammatory Emesis - p. 259 67. Case 49 Postinfectious Ataxia - p. 261 68. Case 50 Progressive Hemiseizures - p. 264 69. SECTION 11 Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System - p. 267 70. Case 51 When the Central Nervous System Loses Color - p. 269 71. Case 52 Altered Mentation and Myelitis - p. 274 72. Case 53 When the Spinal Cord Takes Off Its Coat - p. 278 73. Case 54 When Emotional Lability Is Not Psychiatric - p. 283 74. Case 55 Recurrent Discoordination - p. 288 75. SECTION 12 Neurocutaneous Syndromes - p. 293 76. Case 56 Spots Here, There, and Everywhere - p. 295 77. Case 57 Café au Lait: Tip of the Iceberg - p. 301 78. Case 58 Mysteries of the Hairless Plaque - p. 305 79. Case 59 Port-Wine and the Brain - p. 309 80. SECTION 13 Traumatic Brain Injury - p. 312 81. Case 60 Buckle Up! - p. 314 82. Case 61 The Eyes Have It - p. 319 83. Case 62 Severe TBI: What Is the Outlook? - p. 324 84. Case 63 Moderate TBI: How to Tell? - p. 326 85. Case 64 Penetrating Injury - p. 328 86. Case 65 Pedestrian Struck - p. 330 87. Case 66 The Dreaded Epidural - p. 332 88. Case 67 Spectrum of Subdurals - p. 334 89. Case 68 The Killer Bed - p. 336 90. SECTION 14 Movement Disorders and Ataxia - p. 338 91. Case 69 Ataxic and Metallic - p. 340 92. Case 70 Yellow and Drooling - p. 343 93. Case 71 Acute Hemichorea and More - p. 346 94. Case 72 Eye of the Tiger - p. 349 95. Case 73 Boxed In - p. 352 96. SECTION 15 Neurologic Complications of Systemic Diseases - p. 357 97. Case 74 White Matter Climate Change - p. 359 98. Case 75 When Kidneys and Brain Cry - p. 362 99. Case 76 Brain Changes Under Pressure - p. 366 100. Case 77 Tell Me How You Eat and I Will Tell You How You Walk - p. 369 101. Case 78 Sickle Cell Disease, Brain, Skull, and Bones - p. 375 102. Case Index - p. 378 103. Diagnosis Index - p. 379 104. Subject Index - p. 381
