The only text to cover the full range of adult cardiac, thoracic, and pediatric chest surgery, Sabiston and Spencer Surgery of the Chest provides unparalleled guidance in a single, two-volume resource. This gold standard reference, edited by Drs. Frank Sellke, Pedro del Nido, and Scott Swanson, covers today’s most important knowledge and techniques in cardiac and thoracic surgery—the information you need for specialty board review and for day-to-day surgical practice. Meticulously organized so that you can quickly find expert information on open and endoscopic surgical techniques, this 10th Edition is an essential resource not only for all cardiothoracic surgeons, but also for physicians, residents, and students concerned with diseases of the chest.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Dedication - p. v 6. Contributors - p. vii 7. Preface - p. xxvii 8. Videos - p. xxviii 9. Section 1: Thoracic Surgery - p. 1 10. Part A: Evaluation and care - p. 2 11. 1. Anatomy of the Thorax - p. 3 12. 2. Radiologic Imaging of Thoracic Abnormalities - p. 32 13. 3. Preoperative Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery - p. 64 14. 4. Perioperative Care of the Thoracic Surgical Patient - p. 73 15. Part B: Endoscopy - p. 102 16. 5. Endoscopic Diagnosis of Thoracic Disease - p. 103 17. 6. Endoscopic Therapies for Thoracic Diseases - p. 110 18. Part C: Trauma - p. 131 19. 7. Thoracic Trauma - p. 132 20. Part D: Trachea - p. 161 21. 8. Tracheal Lesions - p. 164 22. Part E: Benign Lung Disease - p. 181 23. 9. Congenital Pulmonary Diseases - p. 182 24. 10. Benign Lesions of the Lung - p. 213 25. 11. Interstitial Lung Diseases - p. 226 26. 12. Infectious Lung Diseases - p. 242 27. 13. Surgery for Emphysema - p. 264 28. 14. Lung Transplantation - p. 277 29. Part F: Lung Cancer - p. 305 30. 15. Lung Cancer Screening: Challenges for the Thoracic Surgeon - p. 306 31. 16. Lung Cancer Workup and Staging - p. 321 32. 17. Lung Cancer: Surgical Treatment - p. 335 33. 18. Minimally Invasive Approaches to Lung Cancer - p. 362 34. 19. Lung Cancer: Multimodal Therapy - p. 372 35. 20. Lung Cancer: Surgical Strategies for Tumors Invading the Chest Wall - p. 381 36. 21. Anterior Approach to Superior Sulcus Lesions - p. 402 37. Part G: Other Lung Malignancy - p. 413 38. 22. Other Primary Tumors of the Lung - p. 415 39. 23. Secondary Lung Tumors - p. 438 40. Part H: Chest Wall - p. 452 41. 24. Congenital Chest Wall Deformities - p. 453 42. 25. Chest Wall Tumors - p. 487 43. 26. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and Dorsal Sympathectomy - p. 497 44. Part I: Pleura - p. 520 45. 27. Spontaneous Pneumothorax - p. 521 46. 28. Empyema - p. 527 47. 29. Chylothorax - p. 537 48. 30. Malignant Pleural and Pericardial Effusions - p. 543 49. 31. Pleural Tumors - p. 562 50. Part J: Malignant Diaphragm - p. 581 51. 32. Surgery of the Diaphragm: A Deductive Approach - p. 582 52. 33. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia - p. 599 53. Chapter Outline - p. 599 54. Definition - p. 599 55. History - p. 599 56. Epidemiology - p. 600 57. Embryology of the Diaphragm - p. 601 58. Pathology - p. 601 59. Clinical Manifestations - p. 605 60. Diagnosis - p. 606 61. Associated Anomalies - p. 607 62. Prognostic Factors - p. 607 63. Treatment - p. 610 64. Results - p. 618 65. Long-Term Follow-Up - p. 619 66. Future Directions - p. 621 67. Other Diaphragmatic Anomalies - p. 622 68. References - p. 624 69. Part K: Esophagus—Benign Disease - p. 633 70. 34. Esophageal Anatomy and Function - p. 634 71. 35. Surgery for Congenital Lesions of the Esophagus - p. 655 72. 36. Surgical Treatment of Benign Esophageal Diseases - p. 667 73. Part L: Esophagus—Cancer - p. 699 74. 37. Staging Techniques for Carcinoma of the Esophagus - p. 700 75. 38. Esophageal Resection and Replacement - p. 711 76. 39. Multimodality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer - p. 744 77. Part M: Mediastinum - p. 754 78. 40. Mediastinal Anatomy and Mediastinoscopy - p. 755 79. 41. Anterior Mediastinal Masses - p. 769 80. 42. The Middle Mediastinum - p. 784 81. 43. The Posterior Mediastinum - p. 800 82. 44. Surgical Treatment of Hyperhidrosis - p. 817 83. Part N: The Future - p. 825 84. 45. The Molecular Biology of Thoracic Malignancies - p. 826 85. 46. Innovations in Thoracic Surgery - p. 847 86. Section 2: Adult Cardiac Surgery - p. 857 87. Part A: Basic Science - p. 858 88. 47. Surgical Anatomy of the Heart - p. 859 89. 48. Vascular Physiology - p. 876 90. 49. Cellular Physiology of the Myocardium - p. 896 91. 50. Ventricular Mechanics - p. 910 92. 51. Blood Conservation, Transfusion, and Conservation - p. 931 93. Part B: Diagnostic Procedures - p. 952 94. 52. Coronary Angiography: Valve and Hemodynamic Assessment - p. 953 95. 53. Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomography in Cardiovascular Diagnosis - p. 974 96. 54. Nuclear Cardiology and Positron Emission Tomography in the Assessment of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease - p. 996 97. 55. Diagnostic Echocardiography (Ultrasound Imaging in Cardiovascular Diagnosis) - p. 1012 98. Part C: Medical- and Catheterbased Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1039 99. 56. Interventional Cardiology - p. 1040 100. 57. Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 1064 101. 58. The Pharmacologic Management of Heart Failure - p. 1082 102. 59. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - p. 1105 103. 60. Transcatheter Treatment of Mitral and Tricuspid Valve Disease - p. 1121 104. Part D: Perioperative and Intraoperative Care of the Cardiac Surgical Patient - p. 1137 105. 61. Anesthesia and Intraoperative Care of the Adult Cardiac Surgical Patient - p. 1138 106. 62. Critical Care for the Adult Cardiac Patient - p. 1155 107. 63. Critical Care for War-Related Thoracic Injuries - p. 1180 108. 64. Neurocognitive Deficits and Stroke - p. 1196 109. 65. Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Technique and Pathophysiology - p. 1202 110. 66. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation - p. 1225 111. 67. Deep Sternal Wound Infection - p. 1244 112. 68. Myocardial Protection - p. 1254 113. 69. Clinical Quality and Safety in Adult Cardiac Surgery - p. 1277 114. 70. Surgery of the Aortic Root and Ascending Aorta - p. 1291 115. Part E: Surgical Management of Aortic Disease - p. 1313 116. 71. Surgery of the Aortic Arch - p. 1314 117. 72. Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery - p. 1339 118. 73. Type A Aortic Dissection - p. 1381 119. Chapter Outline - p. 1381 120. Historical Notes - p. 1382 121. Classification - p. 1382 122. Epidemiology - p. 1385 123. Natural History - p. 1386 124. Predisposing Factors - p. 1388 125. Pathophysiology and Pathologic Findings - p. 1390 126. Clinical Manifestations - p. 1393 127. Diagnostic Methods - p. 1396 128. Diagnostic Strategy and Special Diagnostic Considerations - p. 1398 129. Surgical Management - p. 1398 130. Results - p. 1420 131. Chronic Type A Aortic Dissection - p. 1427 132. Follow-Up - p. 1429 133. References - p. 1429 134. 74. Type B Aortic Dissection - p. 1438 135. 75. Treatment of Acute and Late Complications of Aortic Dissection - p. 1471 136. 76. Endovascular Therapy for Thoracic Aortic Pathologies - p. 1479 137. 77. Occlusive Disease of the Brachiocephalic Vessels and Management of Simultaneous Surgical Carotid/Coronary Disease - p. 1492 138. 78. Percutaneous Intervention on Abdominal and Peripheral Artery Disease - p. 1511 139. 79. Injury to the Heart and Great Vessels - p. 1527 140. Part F: Surgical Management of Valvular Heart Disease - p. 1535 141. 80. Valve Replacement Therapy: History, Valve Types, and Options - p. 1536 142. 81. Surgical Treatment of Aortic Valve Disease - p. 1552 143. 82. Aortic Valve Repair - p. 1568 144. 83. Surgical Treatment of Mitral Valve Disease - p. 1585 145. Chapter Outline - p. 1585 146. Anatomy - p. 1585 147. Mitral Stenosis - p. 1587 148. Mitral Regurgitation - p. 1590 149. Surgery - p. 1599 150. Results - p. 1613 151. References - p. 1626 152. 84. Surgical Treatment of Tricuspid Valve Disease - p. 1634 153. Chapter Outline - p. 1634 154. Surgical Anatomy - p. 1634 155. Pathophysiology - p. 1637 156. Diagnosis - p. 1639 157. Indications for Surgery - p. 1642 158. Tricuspid Valve Surgery - p. 1645 159. Results - p. 1648 160. Knowledge and Evidence - p. 1651 161. The Present - p. 1652 162. Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention - p. 1654 163. References - p. 1657 164. 85. Native and Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis - p. 1667 165. 86. Anticoagulation, Thrombosis, and Thromboembolism of Prosthetic Cardiac Valves - p. 1680 166. 87. Robotic and Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery - p. 1688 167. Part G: Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1697 168. 88. Implantable Cardiac Devices for the Treatment of Bradyarrhythmias and Tachyarrhythmias - p. 1698 169. 89. Catheter Ablation of Arrhythmias - p. 1717 170. 90. Surgical Treatment of Arrhythmias - p. 1736 171. Part H: Surgical Management of Coronary Artery Disease and its Complications - p. 1763 172. 91. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1764 173. 92. Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1792 174. 93. Conduit Choice for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1809 175. 94. Less-Invasive and Robotic Approaches to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1820 176. 95. Redo Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery - p. 1831 177. 96. Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation - p. 1838 178. 97. Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Defect and Ventricular Rupture - p. 1868 179. 98. Nonatherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease - p. 1878 180. Part I: Surgical Management of Heart Failure - p. 1892 181. 99. Pericardium and Constrictive Pericarditis - p. 1893 182. 100. Surgical Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - p. 1908 183. 101. Ventricular Assist Device and Total Artificial Heart - p. 1928 184. 102. Heart Transplantation - p. 1946 185. 103. Heart-Lung Transplantation - p. 1971 186. 104. Left Ventricular Restoration: Surgical Treatment of the Failing Heart - p. 1991 187. 105. Regenerative Cell-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Cardiac Disease - p. 2013 188. 106. Surgery for Pulmonary Embolism and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 2036 189. 107. Neoplasms of the Heart and Great Vessels - p. 2059 190. Section 3: Congenital Heart Surgery - p. 2075 191. 108. Cardiac Embryology and Genetics - p. 2076 192. 109. Segmental Anatomy - p. 2089 193. 110. Diagnostic Imaging: Echocardiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Computed Tomography - p. 2102 194. 111. 3D Image Reconstruction and Surgical Planning - p. 2132 195. 112. Cardiac Catheterization and Fetal Intervention - p. 2157 196. 113. Surgical Approaches and Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery - p. 2182 197. Chapter Outline - p. 2182 198. Approaches to Cardiac Structures and Great Vessels for Transthoracic Cannulation for Cardiopulmonary Bypass - p. 2183 199. Approaches to Extracardiac Structures in Infants and Children - p. 2184 200. Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children - p. 2185 201. The Cardiopulmonary Bypass Plan - p. 2189 202. References - p. 2208 203. 114. Mechanical Circulatory Support in Children - p. 2219 204. 115. Pediatric Anesthesia and Critical Care - p. 2235 205. 116. Enhanced Recovery After Congenital Cardiac Surgery - p. 2256 206. 117. Congenital Tracheal Disease - p. 2265 207. 118. Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Coarctation of the Aorta, and Vascular Rings - p. 2280 208. 119. Atrial Septal Defect and Cor Triatriatum - p. 2303 209. 120. Surgical Considerations in Pulmonary Vein Anomalies - p. 2325 210. 121. Atrioventricular Canal Defects - p. 2345 211. 122. Ventricular Septal Defect and Double-Outlet Right Ventricle - p. 2364 212. 123. Pulmonary Atresia With Intact Ventricular Septum - p. 2380 213. 124. Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis - p. 2391 214. 125. Pulmonary Atresia With Ventricular Septal Defect and Right Ventricle-to-Pulmonary Artery Conduits - p. 2415 215. 126. Truncus Arteriosus and Aortopulmonary Window - p. 2432 216. 127. Interrupted Aortic Arch - p. 2450 217. 128. Surgery for Congenital Anomalies of the Aortic Valve and Aortic Root - p. 2462 218. 129. Surgery for Congenital Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries - p. 2491 219. 130. Transposition of the Great Arteries: Simple and Complex Forms - p. 2512 220. 131. Surgery for Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries - p. 2535 221. 132. Congenital Anomalies of the Mitral Valve - p. 2549 222. 133. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - p. 2567 223. 134. Management of Single Ventricle and Cavopulmonary Connections - p. 2593 224. 135. Ebstein Malformation - p. 2612 225. 136. Adult Congenital Cardiac Surgery - p. 2629 226. 137. Quality Improvement: Surgical Performance - p. 2652 227. Index - p. I1
The only text to cover the full range of adult cardiac, thoracic, and pediatric chest surgery, Sabiston and Spencer Surgery of the Chest provides unparalleled guidance in a single, two-volume resource. This gold standard reference, edited by Drs. Frank Sellke, Pedro del Nido, and Scott Swanson, covers today’s most important knowledge and techniques in cardiac and thoracic surgery—the information you need for specialty board review and for day-to-day surgical practice. Meticulously organized so that you can quickly find expert information on open and endoscopic surgical techniques, this 10th Edition is an essential resource not only for all cardiothoracic surgeons, but also for physicians, residents, and students concerned with diseases of the chest.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Dedication - p. v 6. Contributors - p. vii 7. Preface - p. xxvii 8. Videos - p. xxviii 9. Section 1: Thoracic Surgery - p. 1 10. Part A: Evaluation and care - p. 2 11. 1. Anatomy of the Thorax - p. 3 12. 2. Radiologic Imaging of Thoracic Abnormalities - p. 32 13. 3. Preoperative Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery - p. 64 14. 4. Perioperative Care of the Thoracic Surgical Patient - p. 73 15. Part B: Endoscopy - p. 102 16. 5. Endoscopic Diagnosis of Thoracic Disease - p. 103 17. 6. Endoscopic Therapies for Thoracic Diseases - p. 110 18. Part C: Trauma - p. 131 19. 7. Thoracic Trauma - p. 132 20. Part D: Trachea - p. 161 21. 8. Tracheal Lesions - p. 164 22. Part E: Benign Lung Disease - p. 181 23. 9. Congenital Pulmonary Diseases - p. 182 24. 10. Benign Lesions of the Lung - p. 213 25. 11. Interstitial Lung Diseases - p. 226 26. 12. Infectious Lung Diseases - p. 242 27. 13. Surgery for Emphysema - p. 264 28. 14. Lung Transplantation - p. 277 29. Part F: Lung Cancer - p. 305 30. 15. Lung Cancer Screening: Challenges for the Thoracic Surgeon - p. 306 31. 16. Lung Cancer Workup and Staging - p. 321 32. 17. Lung Cancer: Surgical Treatment - p. 335 33. 18. Minimally Invasive Approaches to Lung Cancer - p. 362 34. 19. Lung Cancer: Multimodal Therapy - p. 372 35. 20. Lung Cancer: Surgical Strategies for Tumors Invading the Chest Wall - p. 381 36. 21. Anterior Approach to Superior Sulcus Lesions - p. 402 37. Part G: Other Lung Malignancy - p. 413 38. 22. Other Primary Tumors of the Lung - p. 415 39. 23. Secondary Lung Tumors - p. 438 40. Part H: Chest Wall - p. 452 41. 24. Congenital Chest Wall Deformities - p. 453 42. 25. Chest Wall Tumors - p. 487 43. 26. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and Dorsal Sympathectomy - p. 497 44. Part I: Pleura - p. 520 45. 27. Spontaneous Pneumothorax - p. 521 46. 28. Empyema - p. 527 47. 29. Chylothorax - p. 537 48. 30. Malignant Pleural and Pericardial Effusions - p. 543 49. 31. Pleural Tumors - p. 562 50. Part J: Malignant Diaphragm - p. 581 51. 32. Surgery of the Diaphragm: A Deductive Approach - p. 582 52. 33. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia - p. 599 53. Chapter Outline - p. 599 54. Definition - p. 599 55. History - p. 599 56. Epidemiology - p. 600 57. Embryology of the Diaphragm - p. 601 58. Pathology - p. 601 59. Clinical Manifestations - p. 605 60. Diagnosis - p. 606 61. Associated Anomalies - p. 607 62. Prognostic Factors - p. 607 63. Treatment - p. 610 64. Results - p. 618 65. Long-Term Follow-Up - p. 619 66. Future Directions - p. 621 67. Other Diaphragmatic Anomalies - p. 622 68. References - p. 624 69. Part K: Esophagus—Benign Disease - p. 633 70. 34. Esophageal Anatomy and Function - p. 634 71. 35. Surgery for Congenital Lesions of the Esophagus - p. 655 72. 36. Surgical Treatment of Benign Esophageal Diseases - p. 667 73. Part L: Esophagus—Cancer - p. 699 74. 37. Staging Techniques for Carcinoma of the Esophagus - p. 700 75. 38. Esophageal Resection and Replacement - p. 711 76. 39. Multimodality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer - p. 744 77. Part M: Mediastinum - p. 754 78. 40. Mediastinal Anatomy and Mediastinoscopy - p. 755 79. 41. Anterior Mediastinal Masses - p. 769 80. 42. The Middle Mediastinum - p. 784 81. 43. The Posterior Mediastinum - p. 800 82. 44. Surgical Treatment of Hyperhidrosis - p. 817 83. Part N: The Future - p. 825 84. 45. The Molecular Biology of Thoracic Malignancies - p. 826 85. 46. Innovations in Thoracic Surgery - p. 847 86. Section 2: Adult Cardiac Surgery - p. 857 87. Part A: Basic Science - p. 858 88. 47. Surgical Anatomy of the Heart - p. 859 89. 48. Vascular Physiology - p. 876 90. 49. Cellular Physiology of the Myocardium - p. 896 91. 50. Ventricular Mechanics - p. 910 92. 51. Blood Conservation, Transfusion, and Conservation - p. 931 93. Part B: Diagnostic Procedures - p. 952 94. 52. Coronary Angiography: Valve and Hemodynamic Assessment - p. 953 95. 53. Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomography in Cardiovascular Diagnosis - p. 974 96. 54. Nuclear Cardiology and Positron Emission Tomography in the Assessment of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease - p. 996 97. 55. Diagnostic Echocardiography (Ultrasound Imaging in Cardiovascular Diagnosis) - p. 1012 98. Part C: Medical- and Catheterbased Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease - p. 1039 99. 56. Interventional Cardiology - p. 1040 100. 57. Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes - p. 1064 101. 58. The Pharmacologic Management of Heart Failure - p. 1082 102. 59. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - p. 1105 103. 60. Transcatheter Treatment of Mitral and Tricuspid Valve Disease - p. 1121 104. Part D: Perioperative and Intraoperative Care of the Cardiac Surgical Patient - p. 1137 105. 61. Anesthesia and Intraoperative Care of the Adult Cardiac Surgical Patient - p. 1138 106. 62. Critical Care for the Adult Cardiac Patient - p. 1155 107. 63. Critical Care for War-Related Thoracic Injuries - p. 1180 108. 64. Neurocognitive Deficits and Stroke - p. 1196 109. 65. Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Technique and Pathophysiology - p. 1202 110. 66. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation - p. 1225 111. 67. Deep Sternal Wound Infection - p. 1244 112. 68. Myocardial Protection - p. 1254 113. 69. Clinical Quality and Safety in Adult Cardiac Surgery - p. 1277 114. 70. Surgery of the Aortic Root and Ascending Aorta - p. 1291 115. Part E: Surgical Management of Aortic Disease - p. 1313 116. 71. Surgery of the Aortic Arch - p. 1314 117. 72. Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery - p. 1339 118. 73. Type A Aortic Dissection - p. 1381 119. Chapter Outline - p. 1381 120. Historical Notes - p. 1382 121. Classification - p. 1382 122. Epidemiology - p. 1385 123. Natural History - p. 1386 124. Predisposing Factors - p. 1388 125. Pathophysiology and Pathologic Findings - p. 1390 126. Clinical Manifestations - p. 1393 127. Diagnostic Methods - p. 1396 128. Diagnostic Strategy and Special Diagnostic Considerations - p. 1398 129. Surgical Management - p. 1398 130. Results - p. 1420 131. Chronic Type A Aortic Dissection - p. 1427 132. Follow-Up - p. 1429 133. References - p. 1429 134. 74. Type B Aortic Dissection - p. 1438 135. 75. Treatment of Acute and Late Complications of Aortic Dissection - p. 1471 136. 76. Endovascular Therapy for Thoracic Aortic Pathologies - p. 1479 137. 77. Occlusive Disease of the Brachiocephalic Vessels and Management of Simultaneous Surgical Carotid/Coronary Disease - p. 1492 138. 78. Percutaneous Intervention on Abdominal and Peripheral Artery Disease - p. 1511 139. 79. Injury to the Heart and Great Vessels - p. 1527 140. Part F: Surgical Management of Valvular Heart Disease - p. 1535 141. 80. Valve Replacement Therapy: History, Valve Types, and Options - p. 1536 142. 81. Surgical Treatment of Aortic Valve Disease - p. 1552 143. 82. Aortic Valve Repair - p. 1568 144. 83. Surgical Treatment of Mitral Valve Disease - p. 1585 145. Chapter Outline - p. 1585 146. Anatomy - p. 1585 147. Mitral Stenosis - p. 1587 148. Mitral Regurgitation - p. 1590 149. Surgery - p. 1599 150. Results - p. 1613 151. References - p. 1626 152. 84. Surgical Treatment of Tricuspid Valve Disease - p. 1634 153. Chapter Outline - p. 1634 154. Surgical Anatomy - p. 1634 155. Pathophysiology - p. 1637 156. Diagnosis - p. 1639 157. Indications for Surgery - p. 1642 158. Tricuspid Valve Surgery - p. 1645 159. Results - p. 1648 160. Knowledge and Evidence - p. 1651 161. The Present - p. 1652 162. Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention - p. 1654 163. References - p. 1657 164. 85. Native and Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis - p. 1667 165. 86. Anticoagulation, Thrombosis, and Thromboembolism of Prosthetic Cardiac Valves - p. 1680 166. 87. Robotic and Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery - p. 1688 167. Part G: Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias - p. 1697 168. 88. Implantable Cardiac Devices for the Treatment of Bradyarrhythmias and Tachyarrhythmias - p. 1698 169. 89. Catheter Ablation of Arrhythmias - p. 1717 170. 90. Surgical Treatment of Arrhythmias - p. 1736 171. Part H: Surgical Management of Coronary Artery Disease and its Complications - p. 1763 172. 91. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1764 173. 92. Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1792 174. 93. Conduit Choice for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1809 175. 94. Less-Invasive and Robotic Approaches to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - p. 1820 176. 95. Redo Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery - p. 1831 177. 96. Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation - p. 1838 178. 97. Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Defect and Ventricular Rupture - p. 1868 179. 98. Nonatherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease - p. 1878 180. Part I: Surgical Management of Heart Failure - p. 1892 181. 99. Pericardium and Constrictive Pericarditis - p. 1893 182. 100. Surgical Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - p. 1908 183. 101. Ventricular Assist Device and Total Artificial Heart - p. 1928 184. 102. Heart Transplantation - p. 1946 185. 103. Heart-Lung Transplantation - p. 1971 186. 104. Left Ventricular Restoration: Surgical Treatment of the Failing Heart - p. 1991 187. 105. Regenerative Cell-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Cardiac Disease - p. 2013 188. 106. Surgery for Pulmonary Embolism and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension - p. 2036 189. 107. Neoplasms of the Heart and Great Vessels - p. 2059 190. Section 3: Congenital Heart Surgery - p. 2075 191. 108. Cardiac Embryology and Genetics - p. 2076 192. 109. Segmental Anatomy - p. 2089 193. 110. Diagnostic Imaging: Echocardiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Computed Tomography - p. 2102 194. 111. 3D Image Reconstruction and Surgical Planning - p. 2132 195. 112. Cardiac Catheterization and Fetal Intervention - p. 2157 196. 113. Surgical Approaches and Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery - p. 2182 197. Chapter Outline - p. 2182 198. Approaches to Cardiac Structures and Great Vessels for Transthoracic Cannulation for Cardiopulmonary Bypass - p. 2183 199. Approaches to Extracardiac Structures in Infants and Children - p. 2184 200. Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children - p. 2185 201. The Cardiopulmonary Bypass Plan - p. 2189 202. References - p. 2208 203. 114. Mechanical Circulatory Support in Children - p. 2219 204. 115. Pediatric Anesthesia and Critical Care - p. 2235 205. 116. Enhanced Recovery After Congenital Cardiac Surgery - p. 2256 206. 117. Congenital Tracheal Disease - p. 2265 207. 118. Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Coarctation of the Aorta, and Vascular Rings - p. 2280 208. 119. Atrial Septal Defect and Cor Triatriatum - p. 2303 209. 120. Surgical Considerations in Pulmonary Vein Anomalies - p. 2325 210. 121. Atrioventricular Canal Defects - p. 2345 211. 122. Ventricular Septal Defect and Double-Outlet Right Ventricle - p. 2364 212. 123. Pulmonary Atresia With Intact Ventricular Septum - p. 2380 213. 124. Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis - p. 2391 214. 125. Pulmonary Atresia With Ventricular Septal Defect and Right Ventricle-to-Pulmonary Artery Conduits - p. 2415 215. 126. Truncus Arteriosus and Aortopulmonary Window - p. 2432 216. 127. Interrupted Aortic Arch - p. 2450 217. 128. Surgery for Congenital Anomalies of the Aortic Valve and Aortic Root - p. 2462 218. 129. Surgery for Congenital Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries - p. 2491 219. 130. Transposition of the Great Arteries: Simple and Complex Forms - p. 2512 220. 131. Surgery for Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries - p. 2535 221. 132. Congenital Anomalies of the Mitral Valve - p. 2549 222. 133. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - p. 2567 223. 134. Management of Single Ventricle and Cavopulmonary Connections - p. 2593 224. 135. Ebstein Malformation - p. 2612 225. 136. Adult Congenital Cardiac Surgery - p. 2629 226. 137. Quality Improvement: Surgical Performance - p. 2652 227. Index - p. I1
