Textbook of Natural Medicine
1. Introduction - p. 1 2. 1. Functional Medicine: A 21st-Century Model of Patient Care and Medical Education - p. 2 3. 2. A Hierarchy of Healing: The Therapeutic Order A Unifying Theory of Naturopathic Medicine - p. 11 4. 3. The History of Naturopathic Medicine: Origins and Overview - p. 25 5. 4. The History of Naturopathic Medicine: A New and Revisionist Perspective: The Lost Years of the 20th Century - p. 48 6. Introduction and Author’s Note - p. 48 7. Part One: Who were the Naturopaths? - p. 49 8. In the Beginning - p. 49 9. The Early 20th Century - p. 51 10. Genesis of Post–WWI Professionalism - p. 52 11. Natural Healing at its Peak - p. 55 12. Part Two: What Happened to Them? - p. 62 13. HEADWINDS - p. 62 14. NATUROPATHS AT THEIR PEAK - p. 67 15. The Beginning of the End - p. 69 16. The End - p. 73 17. 5. Philosophy of Naturopathic Medicine - p. 80 18. 6. Placebo and the Power to Heal - p. 87 19. 7. Positive Mental Attitude - p. 102 20. Section II. Primary and Adjunctive Diagnostic Procedures - p. 105 21. Introduction - p. 106 22. 8. Apoptosis in Health and Diseases - p. 107 23. 9. Bacterial Overgrowth of the Small Intestine Breath Test - p. 113 24. 10. Cell-Signaling Analysis - p. 118 25. 11. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate - p. 121 26. 12. Fantus Test - p. 125 27. 13. Fatty Acid Profiling - p. 127 28. 14. Food Hypersensitivities - p. 134 29. 15. Genomics, Nutrigenomics, and the Promise of Personalized Medicine - p. 140 30. 16. Hair Mineral Analysis - p. 150 31. 17. Heidelberg pH Capsule Gastric Analysis - p. 154 32. 18. Immune Function Assessment - p. 157 33. 19. Intestinal Permeability - p. 166 34. 20. Laboratory Tests for the Determination of Vitamin Status - p. 178 35. 21. Lactose Intolerance Testing - p. 182 36. 22. Metal Toxicity: Assessment of Exposure and Retention - p. 187 37. 23. Mineral Status Evaluation - p. 193 38. 24. Mold Exposure Assessment - p. 208 39. 25. Nonmetallic Toxic Chemical Assessment - p. 215 40. 26. Oral Manifestations of Nutritional Status - p. 223 41. 27. Rapid Dark Adaptation Test - p. 225 42. 28. Biomarkers for Stool Analysis - p. 227 43. 29. Organic Acid Profiling - p. 236 44. 30. Urinary Porphyrins for the Detection of Heavy Metal and Toxic Chemical Exposure - p. 245 45. 31. Urine Indican Test (Obermeyer Test) - p. 248 46. Section III. Therapeutic Modalities and Practice Specialties - p. 249 47. Introduction - p. 250 48. 32. Acupuncture - p. 251 49. 33. Ayurveda: The Science of Life and Mother of the Healing Arts - p. 257 50. 34. Botanical Medicine—A Modern Perspective - p. 264 51. 35. Environmental Medicine - p. 269 52. 36. The Exercise Prescription - p. 282 53. 37. Fasting - p. 293 54. 38. Glandular Therapy - p. 301 55. 39. Homeopathy - p. 307 56. 40. Hydrotherapy - p. 316 57. 41. Manipulation - p. 331 58. 42. Nonpharmacological Control of Pain - p. 339 59. 43. Nontransfusion Significance of ABO and ABO-Associated Polymorphisms - p. 346 60. 44. Nutritional Medicine - p. 361 61. 45. Peat Therapeutics and Balneotherapy - p. 371 62. 46. Rotation Diet:: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool - p. 379 63. 47. Soft Tissue Manipulation: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential - p. 382 64. 48. Spirituality, Religion, and Healing - p. 386 65. 49. Unani Medicine - p. 391 66. Section IV. Pharmacology of Natural Medicines - p. 408.e2 67. Introduction - p. 409 68. 50. Allium cepa (Onion) - p. 411 69. 51. Allium sativum (Garlic) - p. 414 70. 52. Aloe vera (Cape Aloe) - p. 421 71. 53. Angelica Species - p. 429 72. 54. Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood) - p. 433 73. 55. Artemisia annua (Sweet Wormwood) - p. 437 74. 56. Bee Products—Pollen, Propolis, and Royal Jelly - p. 441 75. 57. Beta-Carotene and Other Carotenoids - p. 443 76. 58. Boron - p. 451 77. 59. Bromelain107 - p. 458 78. 60. Camellia sinensis (Green Tea) - p. 465 79. 61. Cannabis (Marijuana) and Cannabinoids - p. 470 80. 62. Capsicum frutescens (Cayenne Pepper) - p. 484 81. 63. Carnitine - p. 491 82. 64. Centella asiatica (Gotu Kola) - p. 501 83. 65. Chinese Prepared Medicines - p. 506 84. 66. Cimicifuga racemosa (Black Cohosh) - p. 510 85. 67. Citicoline (CDP-Choline) - p. 515 86. 68. Coenzyme Q10 - p. 526 87. 69. Coleus forskohlii - p. 537 88. 70. Commiphora mukul (Mukul Myrrh Tree) - p. 541 89. 71. Crataegus oxyacantha (Hawthorn) - p. 544 90. 72. Croton lechleri (Dragon’s Blood) - p. 548 91. 73. Curcuma longa (Turmeric) - p. 551 92. 74. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - p. 560 93. 75. Echinacea Species (Narrow-Leafed Purple Coneflower) - p. 566 94. 76. Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) - p. 574 95. 77. Ephedra Species1 - p. 578 96. 78. Epilobium Species (Fireweed) - p. 581 97. 79. Fatty Acid Metabolism - p. 584 98. 80. Fish Oils and Omega-3 Fatty Acids - p. 593 99. 81. Flavonoids—Quercetin, Citrus Flavonoids, and Hydroxyethylrutosides - p. 613 100. 82. Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo Tree) - p. 620 101. 83. Glucosamine - p. 629 102. 84. Glutamine - p. 634 103. 85. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) - p. 641 104. 86. Hydrastis canadensis (Goldenseal) and Other Berberine-Containing Botanicals - p. 648 105. 87. 5-Hydroxytryptophan - p. 658 106. 88. Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort) - p. 670 107. 89. Lobelia inflata (Indian Tobacco) - p. 677 108. 90. Medicinal Mushrooms - p. 679 109. 91. Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) - p. 693 110. 92. Melatonin - p. 697 111. 93. Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm) - p. 709 112. 94. Mentha piperita (Peppermint) - p. 713 113. 95. Microbial Enzyme Therapy - p. 716 114. 96. Natural Medicines Quality Control - p. 722 115. 97. Naturally Occurring Antioxidants - p. 731 116. Free Radicals and Nonradical Oxidants - p. 731 117. Oxidative Stress and Toxicant Exposure - p. 733 118. Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Chronic Disease - p. 733 119. Laboratory Assessment of Oxidative Stress - p. 735 120. Antioxidants - p. 736 121. N-Acetylcysteine and Glutathione - p. 741 122. Minerals and Redox Balance - p. 741 123. Zinc - p. 741 124. Metabolites as Secondary Antioxidants - p. 742 125. Uric Acid (Urate) - p. 742 126. Melatonin: A Hormone With Antioxidant Potential - p. 742 127. Nonnutritive Antioxidants - p. 742 128. Flavonoids - p. 742 129. Flavonoids From Food Sources - p. 744 130. Berries - p. 744 131. Cocoa - p. 744 132. Tea - p. 744 133. Botanical Extracts and Isolated Flavonoids - p. 745 134. Grape Seed Extract - p. 745 135. Ginkgo Biloba - p. 745 136. Silymarin - p. 746 137. Quercetin - p. 746 138. Resveratrol - p. 746 139. Curcumin - p. 747 140. Therapeutic use of Antioxidants - p. 747 141. Exercise and Oxidative Stress - p. 748 142. Limits of Antioxidant Supplementation - p. 749 143. Prooxidant Effects - p. 749 144. Vitamin e and Mortality Risk? - p. 749 145. Limitations of Antioxidants as Adjuvant Cancer Therapy - p. 750 146. Potential Nutrient–Drug Interactions and Phytochemical–Drug Interactions - p. 750 147. Research Frontiers - p. 750 148. Redox Balance and Gaso-Transmitter Systems - p. 750 149. Redox Balance and Aging - p. 750 150. Redox Balance and Mitochondrial Function - p. 750 151. Future Directions: Concepts and Strategies - p. 751 152. Nutritional Cognitive Neuroscience - p. 751 153. Hormesis - p. 751 154. Ros Interactome - p. 751 155. Conclusion - p. 751 156. 98. Opuntia Species (Prickly Pear) - p. 752 157. 99. Panax ginseng (Korean Ginseng) - p. 756 158. 100. Pancreatic Enzymes213 - p. 768 159. 101. Phage Therapy: Bacteriophages as Natural, Self-Limiting Antibiotics - p. 777 160. 102. Phosphatidylserine (PS) - p. 788 161. 103. Piper methysticum (Kava) - p. 791 162. 104. Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Colonic Foods - p. 797 163. 105. Probiotics - p. 809 164. 106. Procyanidolic Oligomers - p. 823 165. 107. Pygeum africanum (Bitter Almond) - p. 829 166. 108. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) - p. 833 167. 109. Ruscus aculeatus (Butcher’s Broom) - p. 836 168. 110. SAMe (S-Adenosylmethionine) - p. 841 169. 111. Sarsaparilla Species - p. 845 170. 112. Serenoa repens (Saw Palmetto) - p. 847 171. 113. Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle) - p. 851 172. 114. Soy Isoflavones and Other Constituents - p. 856 173. 115. Tabebuia avellanedae (syn. T. Impetiginosa, Lapacho, Pau d’Arco, Ipe Roxo) - p. 868 174. 116. Tanacetum parthenium (Feverfew) - p. 873 175. 117. Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) - p. 876 176. 118. Taxus brevifolia (Pacific Yew) - p. 879 177. 119. Urtica dioica (Stinging Nettle) - p. 883 178. 120. Uva ursi (Bearberry) - p. 887 179. 121. Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry) - p. 890 180. 122. Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) - p. 897 181. 123. Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) - p. 902 182. 124. Viscum album (European Mistletoe) - p. 906 183. 125. Vitamin A - p. 910 184. 126. Vitamin K - p. 919 185. 127. Vitamin Toxicities and Therapeutic Monitoring - p. 948 186. 128. Vitex agnus castus (Chaste Tree) - p. 955 187. 129. Water: The Most Basic Nutrient and Therapeutic Agent - p. 959 188. 130. Zingiber officinale (Ginger) - p. 965 189. Volume 2 - p. 970.e2 190. Section V. Syndromes and Special Topics - p. 970.e2 191. Introduction - p. 971 192. 131. Lifestyle Factors in Cancer - p. 972 193. 132. Dietary Fiber - p. 977 194. 133. Digestive Support - p. 981 195. 134. Homocysteine Metabolism: Nutritional Modulation and Effect on Health and Disease - p. 985 196. 135. Hyperventilation Syndrome/Breathing Pattern Disorders - p. 999 197. 136. Immune System Support - p. 1009 198. 137. Let the Data Speak - p. 1017 199. 138. Mycotoxin Exposure: Assessment and Treatment - p. 1026 200. 139. Sports Nutrition - p. 1035 201. 140. Stress Management - p. 1049 202. Section VI. Diseases - p. 1055 203. Introduction - p. 1056 204. 141. Acne Vulgaris and Acne Conglobata - p. 1057 205. 142. Affective Disorders - p. 1063 206. 143. Alcohol Dependence - p. 1082 207. 144. Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 1090 208. 145. Anemia - p. 1100 209. 146. Angina - p. 1108 210. 147. Aphthous Stomatitis - p. 1114 211. 148. Asthma - p. 1118 212. 149. Atherosclerosis - p. 1131 213. 150. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) - p. 1149 214. 151. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - p. 1156 215. 152. Autism - p. 1163 216. 153. Bacterial Sinusitis - p. 1186 217. 154. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 1189 218. 155. Bronchitis and Pneumonia - p. 1196 219. 156. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - p. 1202 220. 157. Celiac Disease - p. 1206 221. 158. Cervical Dysplasia - p. 1213 222. 159. Chronic Candidiasis - p. 1220 223. 160. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - p. 1226 224. 161. Congestive Heart Failure - p. 1236 225. 162. Constipation - p. 1243 226. 163. Cystitis and Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome - p. 1250 227. 164. Dermatitis Herpetiformis - p. 1259 228. 165. Diabetes Mellitus Types I and II - p. 1262 229. 166. Endometriosis - p. 1287 230. 167. Epilepsy - p. 1296 231. 168. Erythema Multiforme - p. 1308 232. 169. Fibrocystic Breast Disease - p. 1310 233. 170. Fibromyalgia Syndrome - p. 1319 234. 171. Gallstones - p. 1330 235. 172. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - p. 1337 236. 173. Glaucoma: Acute (Angle Closure) and Chronic (Open Angle) - p. 1344 237. 174. Gout - p. 1349 238. 175. Hair Loss in Women - p. 1355 239. 176. Hepatitis - p. 1358 240. 177. Herpes Simplex - p. 1368 241. 178. HIV/AIDS: Naturopathic Medical Principles and Practice - p. 1372 242. 179. Hypertension - p. 1391 243. 180. Hyperthyroidism - p. 1400 244. 181. Hypoglycemia - p. 1406 245. 182. Hypothyroidism - p. 1414 246. 183. Infectious Diarrhea - p. 1422 247. 184. Infertility, Female - p. 1431 248. 185. Infertility, Male - p. 1453 249. 186. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) - p. 1473 250. 187. Insomnia and Other Sleep Disorders - p. 1488 251. 188. Intestinal Protozoan Infestation and Systemic Illness - p. 1493 252. 189. Irritable Bowel Syndrome - p. 1496 253. 190. Kidney Disease - p. 1507 254. 191. Kidney Stones - p. 1518 255. 192. Leukoplakia - p. 1528 256. 193. Lichen Planus - p. 1530 257. 194. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, Overactive Bladder Syndrome, and Urinary Incontinence (LUTS, OAB, and UI) - p. 1533 258. 195. Macular Degeneration - p. 1545 259. 196. Menopause - p. 1549 260. 197. Menorrhagia - p. 1570 261. 198. Migraine Headache - p. 1575 262. 199. Multiple Sclerosis - p. 1587 263. 200. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis91 - p. 1600 264. 201. Obesity - p. 1605 265. 202. Osteoarthritis - p. 1622 266. 203. Osteoporosis - p. 1633 267. Diagnostic Summary - p. 1633 268. General Considerations - p. 1633 269. Pathophysiology - p. 1633 270. Diagnosis - p. 1634 271. Prevalence and Risk Factors - p. 1635 272. Causes of Bone Loss - p. 1638 273. Therapeutic Considerations - p. 1645 274. Therapeutic Approach - p. 1657 275. Lifestyle Factors - p. 1658 276. 204. Otitis Media - p. 1659 277. 205. Parkinson’s Disease - p. 1666 278. 206. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - p. 1675 279. 207. Peptic Ulcer—Duodenal and Gastric - p. 1683 280. 208. Periodontal Disease - p. 1689 281. 209. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - p. 1694 282. 210. Porphyrias - p. 1707 283. 211. Preconception and Pregnancy Health - p. 1714 284. Introduction - p. 1714 285. Preconception - p. 1715 286. Nutrition - p. 1716 287. Hydration - p. 1717 288. Lifestyle - p. 1717 289. Dietary Supplementation - p. 1725 290. Conclusion - p. 1738 291. 212. Premenstrual Syndrome - p. 1739 292. 213. Proctologic Conditions - p. 1748 293. 214. Psoriasis - p. 1757 294. 215. Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 1767 295. 216. Rosacea - p. 1777 296. 217. Sarcopenia - p. 1781 297. Diagnostic Summary - p. 1781 298. General Considerations - p. 1781 299. Pathogenesis - p. 1782 300. Diagnosis - p. 1786 301. Standard Medical Therapy - p. 1794 302. Therapeutic Considerations - p. 1796 303. Therapeutic Approach - p. 1802 304. 218. Seborrheic Dermatitis - p. 1804 305. 219. Senile Cataracts - p. 1807 306. 220. Streptococcal Pharyngitis - p. 1814 307. 221. Trichomoniasis - p. 1817 308. 222. Urticaria - p. 1821 309. 223. Uterine Fibroids - p. 1834 310. 224. Vaginitis, Vulvovaginitis, and Vulvodynia - p. 1840 311. 225. Varicose Veins - p. 1850 312. Appendices - p. 1853 313. Appendix 1. Candida Questionnaire1 - p. 1854 314. Appendix 2 Cervical Escharotic Treatment - p. 1856 315. Appendix 3. Crohn’s Disease Activity Index - p. 1857 316. Appendix 4. The Role of Essential Oils in the Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Processes and Infectious Diseases - p. 1858 317. Appendix 5. Fasting—Patient Guidelines - p. 1862 318. Appendix 6. Gluten and Gliadin Content of Select Foods - p. 1864 319. Appendix 7. Glycemic Index, Carbohydrate Content, and Glycemic Load of Select Foods - p. 1865 320. Appendix 8. Hydrochloric Acid Supplementation: Patient Instructions - p. 1870 321. Appendix 9. Optimal Health Food Pyramid - p. 1871 322. Appendix 10. Patient Instructions for Measuring Basal Body Temperature - p. 1875 323. Appendix 11. Rotation Diet Master Chart and Plan - p. 1877 324. Appendix 12. Seligman’s Attributional Style Questionnaire - p. 1878 325. Appendix 13. Supplier Certification: Compliance Guide and Questionnaire1 - p. 1882 326. Appendix 14. Vaginal Depletion Pack - p. 1886 327. Index - p. I-1
Textbook of Natural Medicine
1. Introduction - p. 1 2. 1. Functional Medicine: A 21st-Century Model of Patient Care and Medical Education - p. 2 3. 2. A Hierarchy of Healing: The Therapeutic Order A Unifying Theory of Naturopathic Medicine - p. 11 4. 3. The History of Naturopathic Medicine: Origins and Overview - p. 25 5. 4. The History of Naturopathic Medicine: A New and Revisionist Perspective: The Lost Years of the 20th Century - p. 48 6. Introduction and Author’s Note - p. 48 7. Part One: Who were the Naturopaths? - p. 49 8. In the Beginning - p. 49 9. The Early 20th Century - p. 51 10. Genesis of Post–WWI Professionalism - p. 52 11. Natural Healing at its Peak - p. 55 12. Part Two: What Happened to Them? - p. 62 13. HEADWINDS - p. 62 14. NATUROPATHS AT THEIR PEAK - p. 67 15. The Beginning of the End - p. 69 16. The End - p. 73 17. 5. Philosophy of Naturopathic Medicine - p. 80 18. 6. Placebo and the Power to Heal - p. 87 19. 7. Positive Mental Attitude - p. 102 20. Section II. Primary and Adjunctive Diagnostic Procedures - p. 105 21. Introduction - p. 106 22. 8. Apoptosis in Health and Diseases - p. 107 23. 9. Bacterial Overgrowth of the Small Intestine Breath Test - p. 113 24. 10. Cell-Signaling Analysis - p. 118 25. 11. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate - p. 121 26. 12. Fantus Test - p. 125 27. 13. Fatty Acid Profiling - p. 127 28. 14. Food Hypersensitivities - p. 134 29. 15. Genomics, Nutrigenomics, and the Promise of Personalized Medicine - p. 140 30. 16. Hair Mineral Analysis - p. 150 31. 17. Heidelberg pH Capsule Gastric Analysis - p. 154 32. 18. Immune Function Assessment - p. 157 33. 19. Intestinal Permeability - p. 166 34. 20. Laboratory Tests for the Determination of Vitamin Status - p. 178 35. 21. Lactose Intolerance Testing - p. 182 36. 22. Metal Toxicity: Assessment of Exposure and Retention - p. 187 37. 23. Mineral Status Evaluation - p. 193 38. 24. Mold Exposure Assessment - p. 208 39. 25. Nonmetallic Toxic Chemical Assessment - p. 215 40. 26. Oral Manifestations of Nutritional Status - p. 223 41. 27. Rapid Dark Adaptation Test - p. 225 42. 28. Biomarkers for Stool Analysis - p. 227 43. 29. Organic Acid Profiling - p. 236 44. 30. Urinary Porphyrins for the Detection of Heavy Metal and Toxic Chemical Exposure - p. 245 45. 31. Urine Indican Test (Obermeyer Test) - p. 248 46. Section III. Therapeutic Modalities and Practice Specialties - p. 249 47. Introduction - p. 250 48. 32. Acupuncture - p. 251 49. 33. Ayurveda: The Science of Life and Mother of the Healing Arts - p. 257 50. 34. Botanical Medicine—A Modern Perspective - p. 264 51. 35. Environmental Medicine - p. 269 52. 36. The Exercise Prescription - p. 282 53. 37. Fasting - p. 293 54. 38. Glandular Therapy - p. 301 55. 39. Homeopathy - p. 307 56. 40. Hydrotherapy - p. 316 57. 41. Manipulation - p. 331 58. 42. Nonpharmacological Control of Pain - p. 339 59. 43. Nontransfusion Significance of ABO and ABO-Associated Polymorphisms - p. 346 60. 44. Nutritional Medicine - p. 361 61. 45. Peat Therapeutics and Balneotherapy - p. 371 62. 46. Rotation Diet:: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool - p. 379 63. 47. Soft Tissue Manipulation: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential - p. 382 64. 48. Spirituality, Religion, and Healing - p. 386 65. 49. Unani Medicine - p. 391 66. Section IV. Pharmacology of Natural Medicines - p. 408.e2 67. Introduction - p. 409 68. 50. Allium cepa (Onion) - p. 411 69. 51. Allium sativum (Garlic) - p. 414 70. 52. Aloe vera (Cape Aloe) - p. 421 71. 53. Angelica Species - p. 429 72. 54. Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood) - p. 433 73. 55. Artemisia annua (Sweet Wormwood) - p. 437 74. 56. Bee Products—Pollen, Propolis, and Royal Jelly - p. 441 75. 57. Beta-Carotene and Other Carotenoids - p. 443 76. 58. Boron - p. 451 77. 59. Bromelain107 - p. 458 78. 60. Camellia sinensis (Green Tea) - p. 465 79. 61. Cannabis (Marijuana) and Cannabinoids - p. 470 80. 62. Capsicum frutescens (Cayenne Pepper) - p. 484 81. 63. Carnitine - p. 491 82. 64. Centella asiatica (Gotu Kola) - p. 501 83. 65. Chinese Prepared Medicines - p. 506 84. 66. Cimicifuga racemosa (Black Cohosh) - p. 510 85. 67. Citicoline (CDP-Choline) - p. 515 86. 68. Coenzyme Q10 - p. 526 87. 69. Coleus forskohlii - p. 537 88. 70. Commiphora mukul (Mukul Myrrh Tree) - p. 541 89. 71. Crataegus oxyacantha (Hawthorn) - p. 544 90. 72. Croton lechleri (Dragon’s Blood) - p. 548 91. 73. Curcuma longa (Turmeric) - p. 551 92. 74. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - p. 560 93. 75. Echinacea Species (Narrow-Leafed Purple Coneflower) - p. 566 94. 76. Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) - p. 574 95. 77. Ephedra Species1 - p. 578 96. 78. Epilobium Species (Fireweed) - p. 581 97. 79. Fatty Acid Metabolism - p. 584 98. 80. Fish Oils and Omega-3 Fatty Acids - p. 593 99. 81. Flavonoids—Quercetin, Citrus Flavonoids, and Hydroxyethylrutosides - p. 613 100. 82. Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo Tree) - p. 620 101. 83. Glucosamine - p. 629 102. 84. Glutamine - p. 634 103. 85. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) - p. 641 104. 86. Hydrastis canadensis (Goldenseal) and Other Berberine-Containing Botanicals - p. 648 105. 87. 5-Hydroxytryptophan - p. 658 106. 88. Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort) - p. 670 107. 89. Lobelia inflata (Indian Tobacco) - p. 677 108. 90. Medicinal Mushrooms - p. 679 109. 91. Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) - p. 693 110. 92. Melatonin - p. 697 111. 93. Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm) - p. 709 112. 94. Mentha piperita (Peppermint) - p. 713 113. 95. Microbial Enzyme Therapy - p. 716 114. 96. Natural Medicines Quality Control - p. 722 115. 97. Naturally Occurring Antioxidants - p. 731 116. Free Radicals and Nonradical Oxidants - p. 731 117. Oxidative Stress and Toxicant Exposure - p. 733 118. Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Chronic Disease - p. 733 119. Laboratory Assessment of Oxidative Stress - p. 735 120. Antioxidants - p. 736 121. N-Acetylcysteine and Glutathione - p. 741 122. Minerals and Redox Balance - p. 741 123. Zinc - p. 741 124. Metabolites as Secondary Antioxidants - p. 742 125. Uric Acid (Urate) - p. 742 126. Melatonin: A Hormone With Antioxidant Potential - p. 742 127. Nonnutritive Antioxidants - p. 742 128. Flavonoids - p. 742 129. Flavonoids From Food Sources - p. 744 130. Berries - p. 744 131. Cocoa - p. 744 132. Tea - p. 744 133. Botanical Extracts and Isolated Flavonoids - p. 745 134. Grape Seed Extract - p. 745 135. Ginkgo Biloba - p. 745 136. Silymarin - p. 746 137. Quercetin - p. 746 138. Resveratrol - p. 746 139. Curcumin - p. 747 140. Therapeutic use of Antioxidants - p. 747 141. Exercise and Oxidative Stress - p. 748 142. Limits of Antioxidant Supplementation - p. 749 143. Prooxidant Effects - p. 749 144. Vitamin e and Mortality Risk? - p. 749 145. Limitations of Antioxidants as Adjuvant Cancer Therapy - p. 750 146. Potential Nutrient–Drug Interactions and Phytochemical–Drug Interactions - p. 750 147. Research Frontiers - p. 750 148. Redox Balance and Gaso-Transmitter Systems - p. 750 149. Redox Balance and Aging - p. 750 150. Redox Balance and Mitochondrial Function - p. 750 151. Future Directions: Concepts and Strategies - p. 751 152. Nutritional Cognitive Neuroscience - p. 751 153. Hormesis - p. 751 154. Ros Interactome - p. 751 155. Conclusion - p. 751 156. 98. Opuntia Species (Prickly Pear) - p. 752 157. 99. Panax ginseng (Korean Ginseng) - p. 756 158. 100. Pancreatic Enzymes213 - p. 768 159. 101. Phage Therapy: Bacteriophages as Natural, Self-Limiting Antibiotics - p. 777 160. 102. Phosphatidylserine (PS) - p. 788 161. 103. Piper methysticum (Kava) - p. 791 162. 104. Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Colonic Foods - p. 797 163. 105. Probiotics - p. 809 164. 106. Procyanidolic Oligomers - p. 823 165. 107. Pygeum africanum (Bitter Almond) - p. 829 166. 108. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) - p. 833 167. 109. Ruscus aculeatus (Butcher’s Broom) - p. 836 168. 110. SAMe (S-Adenosylmethionine) - p. 841 169. 111. Sarsaparilla Species - p. 845 170. 112. Serenoa repens (Saw Palmetto) - p. 847 171. 113. Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle) - p. 851 172. 114. Soy Isoflavones and Other Constituents - p. 856 173. 115. Tabebuia avellanedae (syn. T. Impetiginosa, Lapacho, Pau d’Arco, Ipe Roxo) - p. 868 174. 116. Tanacetum parthenium (Feverfew) - p. 873 175. 117. Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) - p. 876 176. 118. Taxus brevifolia (Pacific Yew) - p. 879 177. 119. Urtica dioica (Stinging Nettle) - p. 883 178. 120. Uva ursi (Bearberry) - p. 887 179. 121. Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry) - p. 890 180. 122. Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) - p. 897 181. 123. Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) - p. 902 182. 124. Viscum album (European Mistletoe) - p. 906 183. 125. Vitamin A - p. 910 184. 126. Vitamin K - p. 919 185. 127. Vitamin Toxicities and Therapeutic Monitoring - p. 948 186. 128. Vitex agnus castus (Chaste Tree) - p. 955 187. 129. Water: The Most Basic Nutrient and Therapeutic Agent - p. 959 188. 130. Zingiber officinale (Ginger) - p. 965 189. Volume 2 - p. 970.e2 190. Section V. Syndromes and Special Topics - p. 970.e2 191. Introduction - p. 971 192. 131. Lifestyle Factors in Cancer - p. 972 193. 132. Dietary Fiber - p. 977 194. 133. Digestive Support - p. 981 195. 134. Homocysteine Metabolism: Nutritional Modulation and Effect on Health and Disease - p. 985 196. 135. Hyperventilation Syndrome/Breathing Pattern Disorders - p. 999 197. 136. Immune System Support - p. 1009 198. 137. Let the Data Speak - p. 1017 199. 138. Mycotoxin Exposure: Assessment and Treatment - p. 1026 200. 139. Sports Nutrition - p. 1035 201. 140. Stress Management - p. 1049 202. Section VI. Diseases - p. 1055 203. Introduction - p. 1056 204. 141. Acne Vulgaris and Acne Conglobata - p. 1057 205. 142. Affective Disorders - p. 1063 206. 143. Alcohol Dependence - p. 1082 207. 144. Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 1090 208. 145. Anemia - p. 1100 209. 146. Angina - p. 1108 210. 147. Aphthous Stomatitis - p. 1114 211. 148. Asthma - p. 1118 212. 149. Atherosclerosis - p. 1131 213. 150. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) - p. 1149 214. 151. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - p. 1156 215. 152. Autism - p. 1163 216. 153. Bacterial Sinusitis - p. 1186 217. 154. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - p. 1189 218. 155. Bronchitis and Pneumonia - p. 1196 219. 156. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - p. 1202 220. 157. Celiac Disease - p. 1206 221. 158. Cervical Dysplasia - p. 1213 222. 159. Chronic Candidiasis - p. 1220 223. 160. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - p. 1226 224. 161. Congestive Heart Failure - p. 1236 225. 162. Constipation - p. 1243 226. 163. Cystitis and Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome - p. 1250 227. 164. Dermatitis Herpetiformis - p. 1259 228. 165. Diabetes Mellitus Types I and II - p. 1262 229. 166. Endometriosis - p. 1287 230. 167. Epilepsy - p. 1296 231. 168. Erythema Multiforme - p. 1308 232. 169. Fibrocystic Breast Disease - p. 1310 233. 170. Fibromyalgia Syndrome - p. 1319 234. 171. Gallstones - p. 1330 235. 172. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - p. 1337 236. 173. Glaucoma: Acute (Angle Closure) and Chronic (Open Angle) - p. 1344 237. 174. Gout - p. 1349 238. 175. Hair Loss in Women - p. 1355 239. 176. Hepatitis - p. 1358 240. 177. Herpes Simplex - p. 1368 241. 178. HIV/AIDS: Naturopathic Medical Principles and Practice - p. 1372 242. 179. Hypertension - p. 1391 243. 180. Hyperthyroidism - p. 1400 244. 181. Hypoglycemia - p. 1406 245. 182. Hypothyroidism - p. 1414 246. 183. Infectious Diarrhea - p. 1422 247. 184. Infertility, Female - p. 1431 248. 185. Infertility, Male - p. 1453 249. 186. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) - p. 1473 250. 187. Insomnia and Other Sleep Disorders - p. 1488 251. 188. Intestinal Protozoan Infestation and Systemic Illness - p. 1493 252. 189. Irritable Bowel Syndrome - p. 1496 253. 190. Kidney Disease - p. 1507 254. 191. Kidney Stones - p. 1518 255. 192. Leukoplakia - p. 1528 256. 193. Lichen Planus - p. 1530 257. 194. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, Overactive Bladder Syndrome, and Urinary Incontinence (LUTS, OAB, and UI) - p. 1533 258. 195. Macular Degeneration - p. 1545 259. 196. Menopause - p. 1549 260. 197. Menorrhagia - p. 1570 261. 198. Migraine Headache - p. 1575 262. 199. Multiple Sclerosis - p. 1587 263. 200. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis91 - p. 1600 264. 201. Obesity - p. 1605 265. 202. Osteoarthritis - p. 1622 266. 203. Osteoporosis - p. 1633 267. Diagnostic Summary - p. 1633 268. General Considerations - p. 1633 269. Pathophysiology - p. 1633 270. Diagnosis - p. 1634 271. Prevalence and Risk Factors - p. 1635 272. Causes of Bone Loss - p. 1638 273. Therapeutic Considerations - p. 1645 274. Therapeutic Approach - p. 1657 275. Lifestyle Factors - p. 1658 276. 204. Otitis Media - p. 1659 277. 205. Parkinson’s Disease - p. 1666 278. 206. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - p. 1675 279. 207. Peptic Ulcer—Duodenal and Gastric - p. 1683 280. 208. Periodontal Disease - p. 1689 281. 209. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - p. 1694 282. 210. Porphyrias - p. 1707 283. 211. Preconception and Pregnancy Health - p. 1714 284. Introduction - p. 1714 285. Preconception - p. 1715 286. Nutrition - p. 1716 287. Hydration - p. 1717 288. Lifestyle - p. 1717 289. Dietary Supplementation - p. 1725 290. Conclusion - p. 1738 291. 212. Premenstrual Syndrome - p. 1739 292. 213. Proctologic Conditions - p. 1748 293. 214. Psoriasis - p. 1757 294. 215. Rheumatoid Arthritis - p. 1767 295. 216. Rosacea - p. 1777 296. 217. Sarcopenia - p. 1781 297. Diagnostic Summary - p. 1781 298. General Considerations - p. 1781 299. Pathogenesis - p. 1782 300. Diagnosis - p. 1786 301. Standard Medical Therapy - p. 1794 302. Therapeutic Considerations - p. 1796 303. Therapeutic Approach - p. 1802 304. 218. Seborrheic Dermatitis - p. 1804 305. 219. Senile Cataracts - p. 1807 306. 220. Streptococcal Pharyngitis - p. 1814 307. 221. Trichomoniasis - p. 1817 308. 222. Urticaria - p. 1821 309. 223. Uterine Fibroids - p. 1834 310. 224. Vaginitis, Vulvovaginitis, and Vulvodynia - p. 1840 311. 225. Varicose Veins - p. 1850 312. Appendices - p. 1853 313. Appendix 1. Candida Questionnaire1 - p. 1854 314. Appendix 2 Cervical Escharotic Treatment - p. 1856 315. Appendix 3. Crohn’s Disease Activity Index - p. 1857 316. Appendix 4. The Role of Essential Oils in the Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Processes and Infectious Diseases - p. 1858 317. Appendix 5. Fasting—Patient Guidelines - p. 1862 318. Appendix 6. Gluten and Gliadin Content of Select Foods - p. 1864 319. Appendix 7. Glycemic Index, Carbohydrate Content, and Glycemic Load of Select Foods - p. 1865 320. Appendix 8. Hydrochloric Acid Supplementation: Patient Instructions - p. 1870 321. Appendix 9. Optimal Health Food Pyramid - p. 1871 322. Appendix 10. Patient Instructions for Measuring Basal Body Temperature - p. 1875 323. Appendix 11. Rotation Diet Master Chart and Plan - p. 1877 324. Appendix 12. Seligman’s Attributional Style Questionnaire - p. 1878 325. Appendix 13. Supplier Certification: Compliance Guide and Questionnaire1 - p. 1882 326. Appendix 14. Vaginal Depletion Pack - p. 1886 327. Index - p. I-1
