Offering a concise, highly visual approach to the basic science and clinical pathology of the digestive system, this updated volume in The Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations (the CIBA "Green Books") contains unparalleled didactic illustrations reflecting the latest medical knowledge. Revised by Drs. James C. Reynolds, Peter J. Ward, David A. Katzka, Henry P. Parkman, and Michele A. Young, Upper Digestive Tract, Part 1 of the Digestive System, Volume 9, integrates core concepts of anatomy, physiology, and other basic sciences with common clinical correlates across health, medical, and surgical disciplines. Classic Netter art, updated and new illustrations, and modern imaging continue to bring medical concepts to life and make this timeless work an essential resource for students, clinicians, and educators.
1. Introduction to the First Edition - p. vii 2. Contributors - p. viii 3. Contributors to the Second Edition - p. viii 4. Contents of the Complete Volume 9—Digestive System: Three Part Set - p. ix 5. 1. Overview of upper digestive tract - p. 1 6. Plates 1.1-1.6 Development of gastrointestinal tract - p. 1 7. Plate 1.7 Regions of the abdomen - p. 7 8. Plate 1.8 Bony framework of abdominopelvic cavity - p. 8 9. Plates 1.9-1.13 Anterolateral abdominal wall - p. 9 10. Plates 1.14-1.16 Inguinal canal - p. 14 11. Plate 1.17 Posterior wall of abdominal cavity - p. 17 12. Plate 1.18 Diaphragm - p. 18 13. Plate 1.19 Floor of abdominopelvic cavity - p. 19 14. Plates 1.20-1.26 Peritoneum - p. 20 15. Plates 1.27-1.31 Pelvic fascia and perineopelvic spaces - p. 27 16. Plates 1.32-1.33 Blood supply of the abdomen - p. 32 17. Plates 1.34-1.35 Venous drainage of the abdomen - p. 34 18. Plate 1.36 Lymph drainage of the abdomen - p. 36 19. Plates 1.37-1.41 Innervation of abdomen and perineum - p. 37 20. Plate 1.42 Overview of the digestive system - p. 42 21. Plate 1.43 Overview of control mechanisms - p. 43 22. Plate 1.44 Brain-gut interactions and visceral reflexes - p. 45 23. Plate 1.45 Enteric nervous system - p. 46 24. Plates 1.46-1.47 Interpretation of visceral pain - p. 47 25. Plate 1.48 Gastrointestinal hormones - p. 49 26. Plates 1.49-1.50 Overview of protective mechanisms - p. 50 27. Plate 1.51 Immune defenses of the digestive system - p. 52 28. Plate 1.52 Epithelial cell defense mechanisms of the digestive system - p. 53 29. Plate 1.53 Microbiome - p. 54 30. Plate 1.54 Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 - p. 55 31. Plate 1.55 Mechanisms of disease: Functional gastrointestinal disorders - p. 56 32. Plate 1.56 Adverse effects of medications on the upper digestive system - p. 58 33. Plate 1.57 Hunger and appetite - p. 59 34. Plate 1.58 Disturbances of hunger and appetite - p. 60 35. Plate 1.59 Overview of gastrointestinal bleeding - p. 61 36. Plate 1.60 Diagnostic aids in gastric disorders - p. 62 37. Plates 1.61-1.62 Overview of imaging of the upper gastrointestinal tract - p. 63 38. Plates 1.63–1.64 Endoscopic evaluation of the upper digestive tract - p. 65 39. Plate 1.65 Histologic and cytologic diagnosis - p. 67 40. Plates 1.66-1.67 Breath and stool testing - p. 68 41. 2. Mouth and pharynx - p. 71 42. Plate 2.1 Development of mouth and pharynx - p. 71 43. Plate 2.2 Oral cavity - p. 72 44. Plate 2.3 Mandible - p. 73 45. Plate 2.4 Temporomandibular joint - p. 74 46. Plate 2.5 Floor of mouth - p. 75 47. Plate 2.6 Roof of mouth - p. 76 48. Plates 2.7-2.8 Muscles involved in mastication - p. 77 49. Plates 2.9-2.10 Tongue - p. 79 50. Plates 2.11-2.12 Teeth - p. 81 51. Plate 2.13 Salivary glands - p. 83 52. Plate 2.14 Sections through mouth and jaw - p. 84 53. Plate 2.15 Fauces - p. 85 54. Plate 2.16 Histology of mouth and pharynx - p. 86 55. Plates 2.17-2.18 Pharynx - p. 87 56. Plate 2.19 Bony framework of mouth and pharynx - p. 89 57. Plates 2.20-2.22 Musculature of pharynx - p. 90 58. Plates 2.23-2.24 Blood supply of mouth and pharynx - p. 93 59. Plate 2.25 Venous drainage of mouth and pharynx - p. 95 60. Plates 2.26-2.27 Lymphatic drainage of mouth and pharynx - p. 96 61. Plates 2.28–2.29 Nerve supply of mouth and pharynx - p. 98 62. Plate 2.30 Autonomic innervation of mouth and pharynx - p. 100 63. Plate 2.31 Salivary secretion - p. 101 64. Plates 2.32-2.33 Mastication - p. 103 65. Plate 2.34 Diagnostic approach to oral lesions - p. 104 66. Plate 2.35 Congenital anomalies of oral cavity - p. 105 67. Plates 2.36-2.37 Dental abnormalities - p. 106 68. Plate 2.38 Periodontal disease - p. 108 69. Plates 2.39-2.40 Odontogenic infections: Spread and abscess formation - p. 109 70. Plate 2.41 Gingivitis - p. 111 71. Plates 2.42-2.43 Manifestations of disease of tongue - p. 112 72. Plate 2.44 Leukoplakia - p. 114 73. Plate 2.45 Effects of iatrogenic agents on oral mucosa - p. 115 74. Plate 2.46 Abnormalities of temporomandibular joint - p. 116 75. Plate 2.47 Inflammation of salivary glands - p. 117 76. Plates 2.48-2.49 Oral manifestations in systemic infections - p. 118 77. Plate 2.50 Oral manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases - p. 120 78. Plate 2.51 Oral manifestations of rheumatic diseases - p. 121 79. Plate 2.52 Oral manifestations related to endocrine system - p. 122 80. Plate 2.53 Oral manifestations in nutritional deficiencies - p. 123 81. Plate 2.54 Oral manifestations in hematologic diseases - p. 124 82. Plates 2.55-2.56 Oral manifestations in various skin conditions - p. 125 83. Plate 2.57 Oral manifestations of immunocompromised conditions - p. 127 84. Plate 2.58 Neurogenic disorders of mouth and pharynx - p. 128 85. Plate 2.59 Infections of pharynx - p. 129 86. Plate 2.60 Allergic conditions of pharynx - p. 130 87. Plates 2.61-2.62 Cysts of jaw and oral cavity - p. 131 88. Plates 2.63-2.64 Benign tumors of oral cavity - p. 133 89. Plate 2.65 Benign tumors of vallecula and root of tongue (hypopharynx) - p. 135 90. Plate 2.66 Benign tumors of salivary glands - p. 136 91. Plate 2.67 Benign tumors of fauces and oral pharynx - p. 137 92. Plate 2.68 Malignant tumors of oral cavity and oropharynx - p. 138 93. Plate 2.69 Malignant tumors of salivary glands - p. 139 94. Plate 2.70 Malignant tumors of jaw - p. 140 95. Plate 2.71 Malignant tumors of hypopharynx - p. 141 96. Plates 2.72-2.73 Functional disorders that lead to structural issues - p. 142 97. 3. Esophagus - p. 145 98. 4. Stomach - p. 185 99. Plate 4.1 Development of stomach and greater omentum - p. 185 100. Plate 4.2 Anatomy, normal variations, and relations of stomach - p. 186 101. Plate 4.3 Anatomy and relations of duodenum - p. 187 102. Plate 4.4 Mucous membrane of stomach - p. 188 103. Plate 4.5 Musculature of stomach - p. 189 104. Plate 4.6 Duodenal bulb and mucosal surface of duodenum - p. 190 105. Plate 4.7 Structures of duodenum - p. 191 106. Plate 4.8 Duodenal fossae and ligament of treitz - p. 192 107. Plates 4.9—4.13 Blood supply of stomach and duodenum - p. 193 108. Plate 4.14 Collateral circulation of upper abdominal organs - p. 198 109. Plate 4.15 Venous drainage of stomach and duodenum - p. 199 110. Plate 4.16 Lymphatic drainage of stomach - p. 200 111. Plate 4.17—4.19 Innervation of stomach and duodenum - p. 201 112. Plate 4.20 Normal gastric neuromuscular physiology - p. 204 113. Plate 4.21 Mechanism of gastric acid secretion - p. 205 114. Plate 4.22 Digestive activity of stomach - p. 206 115. Plate 4.23—4.24 Neuroregulation of gastric activity - p. 207 116. Plate 4.25—4.26 Factors influencing gastric activity - p. 209 117. Plate 4.27 Hormonal factors influencing gastric activity - p. 211 118. Plate 4.28 Functional changes in gastric motility and secretion in gastric diseases - p. 212 119. Plate 4.29 Pyloric obstruction; effects of vomiting - p. 213 120. Plate 4.30 Nausea and vomiting - p. 214 121. Plate 4.31 Aerophagia and belching - p. 216 122. Plate 4.32 Endoscopic evaluation of the stomach: Upper endoscopy - p. 217 123. Plate 4.33 Diagnostic tests in gastric disorders: Gastric emptying scintigraphy - p. 218 124. Plate 4.34 Diagnostic aids in gastric disorders: Antroduodenal manometry - p. 219 125. Plate 4.35 Diagnostic tests in gastric disorders: Electrogastrography - p. 220 126. Plate 4.36 Diagnostic tests in gastric disorders: Endoflip of the pylorus - p. 221 127. Plate 4.37 Gastric acid analysis - p. 222 128. Plate 4.38 Helicobacter pylori infection - p. 223 129. Plate 4.39 Paraesophageal hernia and gastric volvulus - p. 224 130. Plate 4.40 Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis - p. 225 131. Plate 4.41 Diverticulum of stomach; gastroduodenal prolapse - p. 226 132. Plate 4.42 Traumatic injuries of the stomach - p. 227 133. Plate 4.43 Gastritis - p. 228 134. Plate 4.44 Acute gastric ulcer - p. 229 135. Plate 4.45 Subacute ulcer of stomach - p. 230 136. Plate 4.46 Chronic gastric ulcer - p. 231 137. Plate 4.47 Cameron lesions and disorders of the cardia - p. 232 138. Plate 4.48 Giant gastric ulcer - p. 233 139. Plate 4.49 Gastroparesis - p. 234 140. Plate 4.50 Gastric electrical stimulation for gastroparesis - p. 235 141. Plate 4.51 Endoscopic pyloromyotomy for gastroparesis - p. 236 142. Plate 4.52 Functional dyspepsia - p. 237 143. Plate 4.53 Peptic ulcer: Duodenitis and ulcer of duodenal bulb - p. 238 144. Plate 4.54 Peptic ulcer: Duodenal ulcers distal to duodenal bulb; multiple ulcers - p. 239 145. Plate 4.55—4.58 Complications of gastric and duodenal ulcers - p. 240 146. Plate 4.59 Healing of gastric ulcer - p. 244 147. Plate 4.60—4.61 Benign tumors of the stomach - p. 245 148. Plate 4.62—4.67 Carcinoma of stomach - p. 247 149. Plate 4.68—4.69 Principles of operative procedures - p. 253 150. Plate 4.70 Bariatric surgery - p. 255 151. Plate 4.71 Postgastrectomy complications - p. 256 152. Plate 4.72 Complications of gastrectomy (bariatric surgery) for obesity - p. 257 153. Selected References - p. 259 154. Index - p. 261
Offering a concise, highly visual approach to the basic science and clinical pathology of the digestive system, this updated volume in The Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations (the CIBA "Green Books") contains unparalleled didactic illustrations reflecting the latest medical knowledge. Revised by Drs. James C. Reynolds, Peter J. Ward, David A. Katzka, Henry P. Parkman, and Michele A. Young, Upper Digestive Tract, Part 1 of the Digestive System, Volume 9, integrates core concepts of anatomy, physiology, and other basic sciences with common clinical correlates across health, medical, and surgical disciplines. Classic Netter art, updated and new illustrations, and modern imaging continue to bring medical concepts to life and make this timeless work an essential resource for students, clinicians, and educators.
1. Introduction to the First Edition - p. vii 2. Contributors - p. viii 3. Contributors to the Second Edition - p. viii 4. Contents of the Complete Volume 9—Digestive System: Three Part Set - p. ix 5. 1. Overview of upper digestive tract - p. 1 6. Plates 1.1-1.6 Development of gastrointestinal tract - p. 1 7. Plate 1.7 Regions of the abdomen - p. 7 8. Plate 1.8 Bony framework of abdominopelvic cavity - p. 8 9. Plates 1.9-1.13 Anterolateral abdominal wall - p. 9 10. Plates 1.14-1.16 Inguinal canal - p. 14 11. Plate 1.17 Posterior wall of abdominal cavity - p. 17 12. Plate 1.18 Diaphragm - p. 18 13. Plate 1.19 Floor of abdominopelvic cavity - p. 19 14. Plates 1.20-1.26 Peritoneum - p. 20 15. Plates 1.27-1.31 Pelvic fascia and perineopelvic spaces - p. 27 16. Plates 1.32-1.33 Blood supply of the abdomen - p. 32 17. Plates 1.34-1.35 Venous drainage of the abdomen - p. 34 18. Plate 1.36 Lymph drainage of the abdomen - p. 36 19. Plates 1.37-1.41 Innervation of abdomen and perineum - p. 37 20. Plate 1.42 Overview of the digestive system - p. 42 21. Plate 1.43 Overview of control mechanisms - p. 43 22. Plate 1.44 Brain-gut interactions and visceral reflexes - p. 45 23. Plate 1.45 Enteric nervous system - p. 46 24. Plates 1.46-1.47 Interpretation of visceral pain - p. 47 25. Plate 1.48 Gastrointestinal hormones - p. 49 26. Plates 1.49-1.50 Overview of protective mechanisms - p. 50 27. Plate 1.51 Immune defenses of the digestive system - p. 52 28. Plate 1.52 Epithelial cell defense mechanisms of the digestive system - p. 53 29. Plate 1.53 Microbiome - p. 54 30. Plate 1.54 Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 - p. 55 31. Plate 1.55 Mechanisms of disease: Functional gastrointestinal disorders - p. 56 32. Plate 1.56 Adverse effects of medications on the upper digestive system - p. 58 33. Plate 1.57 Hunger and appetite - p. 59 34. Plate 1.58 Disturbances of hunger and appetite - p. 60 35. Plate 1.59 Overview of gastrointestinal bleeding - p. 61 36. Plate 1.60 Diagnostic aids in gastric disorders - p. 62 37. Plates 1.61-1.62 Overview of imaging of the upper gastrointestinal tract - p. 63 38. Plates 1.63–1.64 Endoscopic evaluation of the upper digestive tract - p. 65 39. Plate 1.65 Histologic and cytologic diagnosis - p. 67 40. Plates 1.66-1.67 Breath and stool testing - p. 68 41. 2. Mouth and pharynx - p. 71 42. Plate 2.1 Development of mouth and pharynx - p. 71 43. Plate 2.2 Oral cavity - p. 72 44. Plate 2.3 Mandible - p. 73 45. Plate 2.4 Temporomandibular joint - p. 74 46. Plate 2.5 Floor of mouth - p. 75 47. Plate 2.6 Roof of mouth - p. 76 48. Plates 2.7-2.8 Muscles involved in mastication - p. 77 49. Plates 2.9-2.10 Tongue - p. 79 50. Plates 2.11-2.12 Teeth - p. 81 51. Plate 2.13 Salivary glands - p. 83 52. Plate 2.14 Sections through mouth and jaw - p. 84 53. Plate 2.15 Fauces - p. 85 54. Plate 2.16 Histology of mouth and pharynx - p. 86 55. Plates 2.17-2.18 Pharynx - p. 87 56. Plate 2.19 Bony framework of mouth and pharynx - p. 89 57. Plates 2.20-2.22 Musculature of pharynx - p. 90 58. Plates 2.23-2.24 Blood supply of mouth and pharynx - p. 93 59. Plate 2.25 Venous drainage of mouth and pharynx - p. 95 60. Plates 2.26-2.27 Lymphatic drainage of mouth and pharynx - p. 96 61. Plates 2.28–2.29 Nerve supply of mouth and pharynx - p. 98 62. Plate 2.30 Autonomic innervation of mouth and pharynx - p. 100 63. Plate 2.31 Salivary secretion - p. 101 64. Plates 2.32-2.33 Mastication - p. 103 65. Plate 2.34 Diagnostic approach to oral lesions - p. 104 66. Plate 2.35 Congenital anomalies of oral cavity - p. 105 67. Plates 2.36-2.37 Dental abnormalities - p. 106 68. Plate 2.38 Periodontal disease - p. 108 69. Plates 2.39-2.40 Odontogenic infections: Spread and abscess formation - p. 109 70. Plate 2.41 Gingivitis - p. 111 71. Plates 2.42-2.43 Manifestations of disease of tongue - p. 112 72. Plate 2.44 Leukoplakia - p. 114 73. Plate 2.45 Effects of iatrogenic agents on oral mucosa - p. 115 74. Plate 2.46 Abnormalities of temporomandibular joint - p. 116 75. Plate 2.47 Inflammation of salivary glands - p. 117 76. Plates 2.48-2.49 Oral manifestations in systemic infections - p. 118 77. Plate 2.50 Oral manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases - p. 120 78. Plate 2.51 Oral manifestations of rheumatic diseases - p. 121 79. Plate 2.52 Oral manifestations related to endocrine system - p. 122 80. Plate 2.53 Oral manifestations in nutritional deficiencies - p. 123 81. Plate 2.54 Oral manifestations in hematologic diseases - p. 124 82. Plates 2.55-2.56 Oral manifestations in various skin conditions - p. 125 83. Plate 2.57 Oral manifestations of immunocompromised conditions - p. 127 84. Plate 2.58 Neurogenic disorders of mouth and pharynx - p. 128 85. Plate 2.59 Infections of pharynx - p. 129 86. Plate 2.60 Allergic conditions of pharynx - p. 130 87. Plates 2.61-2.62 Cysts of jaw and oral cavity - p. 131 88. Plates 2.63-2.64 Benign tumors of oral cavity - p. 133 89. Plate 2.65 Benign tumors of vallecula and root of tongue (hypopharynx) - p. 135 90. Plate 2.66 Benign tumors of salivary glands - p. 136 91. Plate 2.67 Benign tumors of fauces and oral pharynx - p. 137 92. Plate 2.68 Malignant tumors of oral cavity and oropharynx - p. 138 93. Plate 2.69 Malignant tumors of salivary glands - p. 139 94. Plate 2.70 Malignant tumors of jaw - p. 140 95. Plate 2.71 Malignant tumors of hypopharynx - p. 141 96. Plates 2.72-2.73 Functional disorders that lead to structural issues - p. 142 97. 3. Esophagus - p. 145 98. 4. Stomach - p. 185 99. Plate 4.1 Development of stomach and greater omentum - p. 185 100. Plate 4.2 Anatomy, normal variations, and relations of stomach - p. 186 101. Plate 4.3 Anatomy and relations of duodenum - p. 187 102. Plate 4.4 Mucous membrane of stomach - p. 188 103. Plate 4.5 Musculature of stomach - p. 189 104. Plate 4.6 Duodenal bulb and mucosal surface of duodenum - p. 190 105. Plate 4.7 Structures of duodenum - p. 191 106. Plate 4.8 Duodenal fossae and ligament of treitz - p. 192 107. Plates 4.9—4.13 Blood supply of stomach and duodenum - p. 193 108. Plate 4.14 Collateral circulation of upper abdominal organs - p. 198 109. Plate 4.15 Venous drainage of stomach and duodenum - p. 199 110. Plate 4.16 Lymphatic drainage of stomach - p. 200 111. Plate 4.17—4.19 Innervation of stomach and duodenum - p. 201 112. Plate 4.20 Normal gastric neuromuscular physiology - p. 204 113. Plate 4.21 Mechanism of gastric acid secretion - p. 205 114. Plate 4.22 Digestive activity of stomach - p. 206 115. Plate 4.23—4.24 Neuroregulation of gastric activity - p. 207 116. Plate 4.25—4.26 Factors influencing gastric activity - p. 209 117. Plate 4.27 Hormonal factors influencing gastric activity - p. 211 118. Plate 4.28 Functional changes in gastric motility and secretion in gastric diseases - p. 212 119. Plate 4.29 Pyloric obstruction; effects of vomiting - p. 213 120. Plate 4.30 Nausea and vomiting - p. 214 121. Plate 4.31 Aerophagia and belching - p. 216 122. Plate 4.32 Endoscopic evaluation of the stomach: Upper endoscopy - p. 217 123. Plate 4.33 Diagnostic tests in gastric disorders: Gastric emptying scintigraphy - p. 218 124. Plate 4.34 Diagnostic aids in gastric disorders: Antroduodenal manometry - p. 219 125. Plate 4.35 Diagnostic tests in gastric disorders: Electrogastrography - p. 220 126. Plate 4.36 Diagnostic tests in gastric disorders: Endoflip of the pylorus - p. 221 127. Plate 4.37 Gastric acid analysis - p. 222 128. Plate 4.38 Helicobacter pylori infection - p. 223 129. Plate 4.39 Paraesophageal hernia and gastric volvulus - p. 224 130. Plate 4.40 Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis - p. 225 131. Plate 4.41 Diverticulum of stomach; gastroduodenal prolapse - p. 226 132. Plate 4.42 Traumatic injuries of the stomach - p. 227 133. Plate 4.43 Gastritis - p. 228 134. Plate 4.44 Acute gastric ulcer - p. 229 135. Plate 4.45 Subacute ulcer of stomach - p. 230 136. Plate 4.46 Chronic gastric ulcer - p. 231 137. Plate 4.47 Cameron lesions and disorders of the cardia - p. 232 138. Plate 4.48 Giant gastric ulcer - p. 233 139. Plate 4.49 Gastroparesis - p. 234 140. Plate 4.50 Gastric electrical stimulation for gastroparesis - p. 235 141. Plate 4.51 Endoscopic pyloromyotomy for gastroparesis - p. 236 142. Plate 4.52 Functional dyspepsia - p. 237 143. Plate 4.53 Peptic ulcer: Duodenitis and ulcer of duodenal bulb - p. 238 144. Plate 4.54 Peptic ulcer: Duodenal ulcers distal to duodenal bulb; multiple ulcers - p. 239 145. Plate 4.55—4.58 Complications of gastric and duodenal ulcers - p. 240 146. Plate 4.59 Healing of gastric ulcer - p. 244 147. Plate 4.60—4.61 Benign tumors of the stomach - p. 245 148. Plate 4.62—4.67 Carcinoma of stomach - p. 247 149. Plate 4.68—4.69 Principles of operative procedures - p. 253 150. Plate 4.70 Bariatric surgery - p. 255 151. Plate 4.71 Postgastrectomy complications - p. 256 152. Plate 4.72 Complications of gastrectomy (bariatric surgery) for obesity - p. 257 153. Selected References - p. 259 154. Index - p. 261
