Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury will enhance readers’ understanding of the complexities of the diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries. Featuring chapters on drug delivery, exercise, and rehabilitation, this volume discusses in detail the impact of the clinical features, diagnosis, management, and long-term prognosis of spinal cord injuries on the lives of those affected. The book has applicability for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand spinal cord injuries.
Spinal injury affects about 10 million people annually worldwide, impacting on the family unit and causing lifelong disabilities, with varied symptoms including paresthesia, spasticity, loss of motor control, and often severe pain. Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury will enhance readers’ understanding of the biological and psychological effects of spinal cord injury. Featuring chapters on gene expression, metabolic effects, and behavior, this volume discusses in detail the impact of spinal cord injury to better understand the underlying pathways and processes. The book has applicability for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand these injuries.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury:
Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury:
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. i 3. Table of Contents - p. i 4. Front Matter for Volume 1 - p. iii 5. Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. iii 6. Copyright for Volume 1 - p. iv 7. Dedication for Volume 1 - p. v 8. Contributors for Volume 1 - p. xxi 9. Preface for Volume 1 - p. xxvii 10. Front Matter for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 11. Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. xxviii 12. Copyright for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 13. Dedication for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 14. Contributors for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 15. Preface for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 16. Volume 1: Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. xxviii 17. Section A: Setting the scene: Introductory chapters - p. xxviii 18. Chapter 1: Traumatic spinal cord injury and outcomes in low-resource settings - p. vol1-3 19. Chapter 2: Biomechanics and patterns of spine injuries associated with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-15 20. Chapter 3: Body, action, and space representations in people affected by spinal cord injuries - p. vol1-27 21. Chapter 4: Methods for treating pain and painful syndromes in spinal cord injury: Medications, therapies, interventions, and neuromodulation - p. vol1-41 22. Section B: Clinical features of spinal injury - p. vol1-52 23. Chapter 5: Factors contributing to pressure injuries in traumatic spinal cord injury - p. vol1-55 24. Chapter 6: Venous thromboembolism in spinal cord injury—Prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment - p. vol1-69 25. Chapter 7: Osteoporosis-related fractures: What they are and how they occur following spinal cord injury - p. vol1-83 26. Chapter 8: Understanding the effects of prolonged cervical spinal cord compression on the brain. Current knowledge and future challenges - p. vol1-95 27. Chapter 9: Spasticity in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-107 28. Chapter 10: Fall circumstances, consequences, assessments, and interventions to manage fall risk among individuals living with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-117 29. Chapter 11: Infections and spinal cord injury: Covid-19 and beyond - p. vol1-131 30. Chapter 12: Sleep problems in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-147 31. Section C: Diagnosis and evaluation - p. vol1-157 32. Chapter 13: Biomarkers in spinal cord injury: A highlight on prognostic insights - p. vol1-161 33. Chapter 14: Quality of life tools for spinal cord–injured people - p. vol1-173 34. Chapter 15: S100b in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-191 35. Chapter 16: Assessment of postural control after spinal cord injury or disease: A narrative review - p. vol1-199 36. Section D: Treatments: Experimental and clinical - p. vol1-213 37. Chapter 17: Surgical management of acute spinal cord injury in emergency setting - p. vol1-217 38. Chapter 18: Spinal cord epidural stimulation for autonomic nervous system control: A focus on improving bladder, bowel, and cardiovascular function - p. vol1-229 39. Chapter 19: Treating spinal cord injury with implanted spinal cord stimulators - p. vol1-245 40. Chapter 20: Bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-259 41. Chapter 21: Management of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction due to spinal cord injury - p. vol1-273 42. Chapter 22: Bed support surfaces for preventing pressure injuries after spinal cord injury - p. vol1-287 43. Chapter 23: Nerve and tendon transfers in tetraplegia: A new narrative - p. vol1-299 44. Chapter 24: GEMINI-supported spinal cord transplantation for the treatment of chronic spinal paralysis: Overview and initial clinical translation - p. vol1-313 45. Chapter 25: Chondroitinase ABC I as a novel candidate for reducing damage in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-325 46. Chapter 26: Phenol neurolysis for spasticity management in people with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-337 47. Chapter 27: Anti-repulsive guidance molecule: An antibody treatment in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-347 48. Chapter 28: Mitochondrial biogenesis for the treatment of spinal cord injury - p. vol1-359 49. Chapter 29: Exploring the exogenous and endogenous effects of melatonin on spinal cord injury - p. vol1-373 50. Chapter 30: High-intensity interval training in individuals with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-385 51. Chapter 31: Stem cells and chronic spinal cord injury: Overview - p. vol1-397 52. Chapter 32: Viral vector gene therapy approaches for regeneration and repair in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-411 53. Chapter 33: Curcumin usage for inflammation and spinal cord injury - p. vol1-425 54. Chapter 34: Use of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on spinal cord injury - p. vol1-437 55. Chapter 35: Vitamin D and spinal cord injury - p. vol1-453 56. Chapter 36: Corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury: Implications for treatment and recovery - p. vol1-461 57. Chapter 37: Trophic factors in patients with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-475 58. Section E: Rehabilitation in spinal injury - p. vol1-487 59. Chapter 38: Spinal cord injury: Multiple family group (MFG) education and support - p. vol1-491 60. Chapter 39: Spinal cord injury rehabilitation: Linking service delivery and community integration - p. vol1-501 61. Chapter 40: Rehabilitation in spinal cord injury: Exercise and testing for cardiorespiratory endurance and musculoskeletal fitness - p. vol1-513 62. Chapter 41: Community-based activity-based therapy for spinal cord injuries rehabilitation - p. vol1-525 63. Chapter 42: Mobile health apps and self-management for spinal cord injury rehabilitation - p. vol1-539 64. Chapter 43: Biomaterials, spinal cord injury, and rehabilitation: A new narrative - p. vol1-549 65. Chapter 44: Support in spinal cord injury: A focus on robotics - p. vol1-563 66. Section F: Resources - p. vol1-573 67. Chapter 45: Recommended resources and sites for the neuroscience of spinal cord injury - p. vol1-577 68. Volume 2: Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. vol1-586 69. Section A: Setting the scene and introductory chapters - p. vol1-586 70. Chapter 1: Causes of spinal injury: Motor vehicle accidents and beyond - p. vol2-3 71. Chapter 2: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in spinal cord injury during acute and chronic phases - p. vol2-11 72. Chapter 3: Exercise programs and spinal cord injury (SCI): Linking the clinical, physiological, and psychological consequences of SCI - p. vol2-23 73. Chapter 4: Use of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation: Features, facets, and applications to incomplete spinal cord injury - p. vol2-35 74. Chapter 5: Neuromodulation and restoration of motor responses after severe spinal cord injury - p. vol2-51 75. Chapter 6: Rehabilitation and wheelchair users after spinal cord injury: An overview - p. vol2-65 76. Section B: Cellular and molecular aspects of spinal injury - p. vol2-77 77. Chapter 7: Gene expression and bone loss following spinal cord injury - p. vol2-81 78. Chapter 8: Sperm DNA fragmentation and its relevance to men with spinal cord injury - p. vol2-93 79. Chapter 9: Beneficial and detrimental effects of cytokines after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-105 80. Chapter 10: Neurovascular pathology following traumatic spinal cord injury - p. vol2-119 81. Chapter 11: Protein degradome in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-133 82. Chapter 12: Proteomics of pressure ulcers in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-143 83. Chapter 13: Innate immune responses of glia and inflammatory cells in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-153 84. Chapter 14: The role of oxidative stress in spinal cord injury animal models: A focus on nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 - p. vol2-165 85. Chapter 15: Novel agent ONO-2506 suppresses astrocytic activation and attenuates post-spinal cord injury pain - p. vol2-177 86. Chapter 16: Neural tissue loss after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-187 87. Chapter 17: Remodeling mitochondrial transport and cellular energetics in axonal regeneration and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-199 88. Chapter 18: Neurotrophins and their role in axonal outgrowth following spinal cord injury - p. vol2-215 89. Chapter 19: The neuroscience of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-229 90. Chapter 20: Autoantibodies in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-239 91. Chapter 21: Calpain role in the pathophysiology of spasticity after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-249 92. Chapter 22: Targeting mTOR signaling to promote autophagy for functional recovery after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-263 93. Chapter 23: Tertiary damage: Hippocampal and brain changes after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-275 94. Section C: Physiological and metabolic effects - p. vol2-285 95. Chapter 24: Hormonal events and spinal cord injury: A focus on vasopressin and natriuretic peptide - p. vol2-289 96. Chapter 25: Linking sensorimotor plasticity, the motor cortex, and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-301 97. Chapter 26: Bone loss at the knee after spinal cord injury: Radiographic imaging, fracture risk, and treatment - p. vol2-315 98. Chapter 27: Functional and morphological reorganization of the brain following spinal cord injury: Insights from MRI - p. vol2-327 99. Chapter 28: Cardiometabolic changes and upper exercise as an augmentative strategy in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-339 100. Chapter 29: Electrophysiological outcome measures in spinal cord injury: A new narrative - p. vol2-351 101. Chapter 30: Features and physiology of spinal stretch reflexes in people with chronic spinal cord injury - p. vol2-365 102. Chapter 31: Metabolic syndrome in spinal cord injury: Impact on health - p. vol2-377 103. Chapter 32: Body composition and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-389 104. Chapter 33: Energy requirements and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-405 105. Chapter 34: Virtual walking and spinal cord injury neuropathic pain - p. vol2-413 106. Chapter 35: Cervical spinal cord injury and thermoregulatory processes: A new narrative - p. vol2-425 107. Chapter 36: Spinal cord injury and the gut microbiota - p. vol2-435 108. Section D: Behavioral and psychological effects - p. vol2-444 109. Chapter 37: Risk factors and predictors of depression after spinal cord injury: Emphasis on the inflammatory process - p. vol2-447 110. Chapter 38: Spirituality, hope, and resilience in the recovery and adaptation process following spinal cord injury - p. vol2-459 111. Chapter 39: Wellness intervention for persons with spinal cord injury - p. vol2-471 112. Chapter 40: Sexual life in individuals with spinal cord injury and management - p. vol2-483 113. Chapter 41: Depressive symptoms in rehabilitation post-spinal cord injury - p. vol2-497 114. Chapter 42: Self-harm behaviors in patients with spinal cord injuries: From non-adherence to suicide - p. vol2-509 115. Index for volume 1 - p. vol1-587 116. Index for volume 2 - p. vol2-521
Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury will enhance readers’ understanding of the complexities of the diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries. Featuring chapters on drug delivery, exercise, and rehabilitation, this volume discusses in detail the impact of the clinical features, diagnosis, management, and long-term prognosis of spinal cord injuries on the lives of those affected. The book has applicability for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand spinal cord injuries.
Spinal injury affects about 10 million people annually worldwide, impacting on the family unit and causing lifelong disabilities, with varied symptoms including paresthesia, spasticity, loss of motor control, and often severe pain. Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury will enhance readers’ understanding of the biological and psychological effects of spinal cord injury. Featuring chapters on gene expression, metabolic effects, and behavior, this volume discusses in detail the impact of spinal cord injury to better understand the underlying pathways and processes. The book has applicability for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand these injuries.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury:
Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury:
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. i 3. Table of Contents - p. i 4. Front Matter for Volume 1 - p. iii 5. Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. iii 6. Copyright for Volume 1 - p. iv 7. Dedication for Volume 1 - p. v 8. Contributors for Volume 1 - p. xxi 9. Preface for Volume 1 - p. xxvii 10. Front Matter for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 11. Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. xxviii 12. Copyright for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 13. Dedication for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 14. Contributors for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 15. Preface for Volume 2 - p. xxviii 16. Volume 1: Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. xxviii 17. Section A: Setting the scene: Introductory chapters - p. xxviii 18. Chapter 1: Traumatic spinal cord injury and outcomes in low-resource settings - p. vol1-3 19. Chapter 2: Biomechanics and patterns of spine injuries associated with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-15 20. Chapter 3: Body, action, and space representations in people affected by spinal cord injuries - p. vol1-27 21. Chapter 4: Methods for treating pain and painful syndromes in spinal cord injury: Medications, therapies, interventions, and neuromodulation - p. vol1-41 22. Section B: Clinical features of spinal injury - p. vol1-52 23. Chapter 5: Factors contributing to pressure injuries in traumatic spinal cord injury - p. vol1-55 24. Chapter 6: Venous thromboembolism in spinal cord injury—Prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment - p. vol1-69 25. Chapter 7: Osteoporosis-related fractures: What they are and how they occur following spinal cord injury - p. vol1-83 26. Chapter 8: Understanding the effects of prolonged cervical spinal cord compression on the brain. Current knowledge and future challenges - p. vol1-95 27. Chapter 9: Spasticity in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-107 28. Chapter 10: Fall circumstances, consequences, assessments, and interventions to manage fall risk among individuals living with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-117 29. Chapter 11: Infections and spinal cord injury: Covid-19 and beyond - p. vol1-131 30. Chapter 12: Sleep problems in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-147 31. Section C: Diagnosis and evaluation - p. vol1-157 32. Chapter 13: Biomarkers in spinal cord injury: A highlight on prognostic insights - p. vol1-161 33. Chapter 14: Quality of life tools for spinal cord–injured people - p. vol1-173 34. Chapter 15: S100b in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-191 35. Chapter 16: Assessment of postural control after spinal cord injury or disease: A narrative review - p. vol1-199 36. Section D: Treatments: Experimental and clinical - p. vol1-213 37. Chapter 17: Surgical management of acute spinal cord injury in emergency setting - p. vol1-217 38. Chapter 18: Spinal cord epidural stimulation for autonomic nervous system control: A focus on improving bladder, bowel, and cardiovascular function - p. vol1-229 39. Chapter 19: Treating spinal cord injury with implanted spinal cord stimulators - p. vol1-245 40. Chapter 20: Bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-259 41. Chapter 21: Management of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction due to spinal cord injury - p. vol1-273 42. Chapter 22: Bed support surfaces for preventing pressure injuries after spinal cord injury - p. vol1-287 43. Chapter 23: Nerve and tendon transfers in tetraplegia: A new narrative - p. vol1-299 44. Chapter 24: GEMINI-supported spinal cord transplantation for the treatment of chronic spinal paralysis: Overview and initial clinical translation - p. vol1-313 45. Chapter 25: Chondroitinase ABC I as a novel candidate for reducing damage in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-325 46. Chapter 26: Phenol neurolysis for spasticity management in people with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-337 47. Chapter 27: Anti-repulsive guidance molecule: An antibody treatment in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-347 48. Chapter 28: Mitochondrial biogenesis for the treatment of spinal cord injury - p. vol1-359 49. Chapter 29: Exploring the exogenous and endogenous effects of melatonin on spinal cord injury - p. vol1-373 50. Chapter 30: High-intensity interval training in individuals with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-385 51. Chapter 31: Stem cells and chronic spinal cord injury: Overview - p. vol1-397 52. Chapter 32: Viral vector gene therapy approaches for regeneration and repair in spinal cord injury - p. vol1-411 53. Chapter 33: Curcumin usage for inflammation and spinal cord injury - p. vol1-425 54. Chapter 34: Use of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on spinal cord injury - p. vol1-437 55. Chapter 35: Vitamin D and spinal cord injury - p. vol1-453 56. Chapter 36: Corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury: Implications for treatment and recovery - p. vol1-461 57. Chapter 37: Trophic factors in patients with spinal cord injury - p. vol1-475 58. Section E: Rehabilitation in spinal injury - p. vol1-487 59. Chapter 38: Spinal cord injury: Multiple family group (MFG) education and support - p. vol1-491 60. Chapter 39: Spinal cord injury rehabilitation: Linking service delivery and community integration - p. vol1-501 61. Chapter 40: Rehabilitation in spinal cord injury: Exercise and testing for cardiorespiratory endurance and musculoskeletal fitness - p. vol1-513 62. Chapter 41: Community-based activity-based therapy for spinal cord injuries rehabilitation - p. vol1-525 63. Chapter 42: Mobile health apps and self-management for spinal cord injury rehabilitation - p. vol1-539 64. Chapter 43: Biomaterials, spinal cord injury, and rehabilitation: A new narrative - p. vol1-549 65. Chapter 44: Support in spinal cord injury: A focus on robotics - p. vol1-563 66. Section F: Resources - p. vol1-573 67. Chapter 45: Recommended resources and sites for the neuroscience of spinal cord injury - p. vol1-577 68. Volume 2: Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury: The Neuroscience of Spinal Cord Injury - p. vol1-586 69. Section A: Setting the scene and introductory chapters - p. vol1-586 70. Chapter 1: Causes of spinal injury: Motor vehicle accidents and beyond - p. vol2-3 71. Chapter 2: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in spinal cord injury during acute and chronic phases - p. vol2-11 72. Chapter 3: Exercise programs and spinal cord injury (SCI): Linking the clinical, physiological, and psychological consequences of SCI - p. vol2-23 73. Chapter 4: Use of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation: Features, facets, and applications to incomplete spinal cord injury - p. vol2-35 74. Chapter 5: Neuromodulation and restoration of motor responses after severe spinal cord injury - p. vol2-51 75. Chapter 6: Rehabilitation and wheelchair users after spinal cord injury: An overview - p. vol2-65 76. Section B: Cellular and molecular aspects of spinal injury - p. vol2-77 77. Chapter 7: Gene expression and bone loss following spinal cord injury - p. vol2-81 78. Chapter 8: Sperm DNA fragmentation and its relevance to men with spinal cord injury - p. vol2-93 79. Chapter 9: Beneficial and detrimental effects of cytokines after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-105 80. Chapter 10: Neurovascular pathology following traumatic spinal cord injury - p. vol2-119 81. Chapter 11: Protein degradome in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-133 82. Chapter 12: Proteomics of pressure ulcers in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-143 83. Chapter 13: Innate immune responses of glia and inflammatory cells in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-153 84. Chapter 14: The role of oxidative stress in spinal cord injury animal models: A focus on nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 - p. vol2-165 85. Chapter 15: Novel agent ONO-2506 suppresses astrocytic activation and attenuates post-spinal cord injury pain - p. vol2-177 86. Chapter 16: Neural tissue loss after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-187 87. Chapter 17: Remodeling mitochondrial transport and cellular energetics in axonal regeneration and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-199 88. Chapter 18: Neurotrophins and their role in axonal outgrowth following spinal cord injury - p. vol2-215 89. Chapter 19: The neuroscience of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-229 90. Chapter 20: Autoantibodies in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-239 91. Chapter 21: Calpain role in the pathophysiology of spasticity after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-249 92. Chapter 22: Targeting mTOR signaling to promote autophagy for functional recovery after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-263 93. Chapter 23: Tertiary damage: Hippocampal and brain changes after spinal cord injury - p. vol2-275 94. Section C: Physiological and metabolic effects - p. vol2-285 95. Chapter 24: Hormonal events and spinal cord injury: A focus on vasopressin and natriuretic peptide - p. vol2-289 96. Chapter 25: Linking sensorimotor plasticity, the motor cortex, and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-301 97. Chapter 26: Bone loss at the knee after spinal cord injury: Radiographic imaging, fracture risk, and treatment - p. vol2-315 98. Chapter 27: Functional and morphological reorganization of the brain following spinal cord injury: Insights from MRI - p. vol2-327 99. Chapter 28: Cardiometabolic changes and upper exercise as an augmentative strategy in spinal cord injury - p. vol2-339 100. Chapter 29: Electrophysiological outcome measures in spinal cord injury: A new narrative - p. vol2-351 101. Chapter 30: Features and physiology of spinal stretch reflexes in people with chronic spinal cord injury - p. vol2-365 102. Chapter 31: Metabolic syndrome in spinal cord injury: Impact on health - p. vol2-377 103. Chapter 32: Body composition and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-389 104. Chapter 33: Energy requirements and spinal cord injury - p. vol2-405 105. Chapter 34: Virtual walking and spinal cord injury neuropathic pain - p. vol2-413 106. Chapter 35: Cervical spinal cord injury and thermoregulatory processes: A new narrative - p. vol2-425 107. Chapter 36: Spinal cord injury and the gut microbiota - p. vol2-435 108. Section D: Behavioral and psychological effects - p. vol2-444 109. Chapter 37: Risk factors and predictors of depression after spinal cord injury: Emphasis on the inflammatory process - p. vol2-447 110. Chapter 38: Spirituality, hope, and resilience in the recovery and adaptation process following spinal cord injury - p. vol2-459 111. Chapter 39: Wellness intervention for persons with spinal cord injury - p. vol2-471 112. Chapter 40: Sexual life in individuals with spinal cord injury and management - p. vol2-483 113. Chapter 41: Depressive symptoms in rehabilitation post-spinal cord injury - p. vol2-497 114. Chapter 42: Self-harm behaviors in patients with spinal cord injuries: From non-adherence to suicide - p. vol2-509 115. Index for volume 1 - p. vol1-587 116. Index for volume 2 - p. vol2-521