Year Book of Medicine 2012

1. Cover image 2. Title page 3. Table of Contents 4. Chapter 1. Rheumatoid Arthritis 5. Risk of atrial fibrillation and stroke in rheumatoid arthritis: Danish nationwide cohort study 6. Incidence of extraarticular rheumatoid arthritis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1995-2007 versus 1985-1994: a population-based study 7. Observational Studies on the Risk of Cancer Associated With Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Review of Their Methodologies and Results 8. Antibodies against native collagen and citrullinated proteins precede the development of rheumatoid arthritis with a consecutive pattern 9. Aggressive therapy in patients with early arthritis results in similar outcome compared with conventional care: the STREAM randomized trial 10. Assessment by MRI of inflammation and damage in rheumatoid arthritis patients with methotrexate inadequate response receiving golimumab: results of the GO-FORWARD trial 11. A plasmablast biomarker for nonresponse to antibody therapy to CD20 in rheumatoid arthritis 12. Macrophage positron emission tomography imaging as a biomarker for preclinical rheumatoid arthritis: findings of a prospective pilot study 13. Double-blind, randomized, controlled, pilot study comparing classic ayurvedic medicine, methotrexate, and their combination in rheumatoid arthritis 14. Deletion of Syk in neutrophils prevents immune complex arthritis 15. What Do MicroRNAs Mean for Rheumatoid Arthritis? 16. Autotaxin expression from synovial fibroblasts is essential for the pathogenesis of modeled arthritis 17. A novel pathogenic role of the ER chaperone GRP78/BiP in rheumatoid arthritis 18. Chapter 2. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 19. A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus 20. Depletion of autoreactive plasma cells and treatment of lupus nephritis in mice using CEP-33779, a novel, orally active, selective inhibitor of JAK2 21. Usefulness of cellular text messaging for improving adherence among adolescents and young adults with systemic lupus erythematosus 22. Chapter 3. Vasculitis 23. 2012 Provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative 24. Adverse events during longterm low-dose glucocorticoid treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica: a retrospective study 25. Chapter 4. Seronegative Spondyloarthopathies 26. Chapter 5. Osteoarthritis 27. Statin use is associated with reduced incidence and progression of knee osteoarthritis in the Rotterdam study 28. Teriparatide as a chondroregenerative therapy for injury-induced osteoarthritis 29. The impact of knee and hip chondrocalcinosis on disability in older people: the ProVA Study from northeastern Italy 30. Chapter 6. Gout and Other Crystal Diseases 31. Chapter 7. Fibromyalgia and Other Soft Tissue Musculoskeletal Problems 32. Does lumbar disc degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging associate with low back symptom severity in young Finnish adults? 33. The longitudinal outcome of fibromyalgia: a study of 1555 patients 34. Chapter 8 - Miscellaneous Rheumatic Diseases and Therapies 35. Antibodies targeting the catalytic zinc complex of activated matrix metalloproteinases show therapeutic potential 36. Combined prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil treatment for retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case series 37. Fumarates improve psoriasis and multiple sclerosis by inducing type II dendritic cells 38. IL-23 is critical for induction of arthritis, osteoclast formation, and maintenance of bone mass 39. Impact of synthetic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs on antibody responses to the AS03-adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine: a prospective, open-label, parallel-cohort, single-center study 40. Retainer medicine: an ethically legitimate form of practice that can improve primary care 41. Rheumatic complaints in women taking aromatase inhibitors for treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer 42. Singing Intervention for Preoperative Hypertension Prior to Total Joint Replacement: A Case report 43. Suicidal ideation among adults with arthritis: prevalence and subgroups at highest risk. Data from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 44. The effect of patch testing on surgical practices and outcomes in orthopedic patients with metal implants 45. Chapter 9. Bacterial Infections 46. Efficacy of 5-Day Levofloxacin-Containing Concomitant Therapy in Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection 47. A Novel Vehicle for Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Humans: Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 Infections Associated With Consumption of Ready-to-Bake Commercial Prepackaged Cookie Dough—United States, 2009 48. Epidemiology and Outcomes of Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Hospitalized Patients 49. Evolutionary dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus during progression from carriage to disease 50. Household Versus Individual Approaches to Eradication of Community-Associated Staphylococcus aureus in Children: A Randomized Trial 51. Early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) for severe sepsis/septic shock: which components of treatment are more difficult to implement in a community-based emergency department? 52. Illness Severity in Community-Onset Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Infection and the Presence of Virulence Genes 53. In-feed antibiotic effects on the swine intestinal microbiome 54. Linezolid in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nosocomial Pneumonia: A Randomized, Controlled Study 55. Rapid Whole-Genome Sequencing for Investigation of a Neonatal MRSA Outbreak 56. Rising rates of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the central United States 57. Vancomycin for Surgical Prophylaxis? 58. Chapter 10. Fungal Infections 59. A Cluster of Pneumocystis Infections Among Renal Transplant Recipients: Molecular Evidence of Colonized Patients as Potential Infectious Sources of Pneumocystis jirovecii 60. Impact of Treatment Strategy on Outcomes in Patients with Candidemia and Other Forms of Invasive Candidiasis: A Patient-Level Quantitative Review of Randomized Trials 61. Septic Shock Attributed to Candida Infection: Importance of Empiric Therapy and Source Control 62. Chapter 11. Miscellaneous 63. A Randomized Trial of the Efficacy of Hand Disinfection for Prevention of Rhinovirus Infection 64. Early peak temperature and mortality in critically ill patients with or without infection 65. Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.42 versus Ringer’s Acetate in Severe Sepsis 66. Inadequacy of temperature and white blood cell count in predicting bacteremia in patients with suspected infection 67. What’s new in respiratory infections and tuberculosis 2008–2010 68. Chapter 12. Vaccines 69. A Cell Culture–Derived Influenza Vaccine Provides Consistent Protection Against Infection and Reduces the Duration and Severity of Disease in Infected Individuals 70. A Comparison of 2 Strategies to Prevent Infection Following Pertussis Exposure in Vaccinated Healthcare Personnel 71. A Phase IIa Trial of the New Tuberculosis Vaccine, MVA85A, in HIV- and/or Mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected Adults 72. Early Impact of the US Tdap Vaccination Program on Pertussis Trends 73. Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Persons Aged 50–59 Years 74. Risk of Intussusception Following Administration of a Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine in US Infants 75. Chapter 13. Viral Infections 76. A Multistate Outbreak of Hepatitis A Associated With Semidried Tomatoes in Australia, 2009 77. A Point-Source Norovirus Outbreak Caused by Exposure to Fomites 78. HIV-1 Dual Infection Is Associated With Faster CD4+ T-Cell Decline in a Cohort of Men With Primary HIV Infection 79. Prevalence of Oral HPV Infection in the United States, 2009-2010 80. Chapter 14. Breast Cancer 81. Axillary Dissection vs No Axillary Dissection in Women With Invasive Breast Cancer and Sentinel Node Metastasis: A Randomized Clinical Trial 82. Adjuvant Therapy in Stage I Carcinoma of the Breast: The Influence of Multigene Analyses and Molecular Phenotyping 83. Comparisons between different polychemotherapy regimens for early breast cancer: meta-analyses of long-term outcome among 100 000 women in 123 randomised trials 84. Effect of Obesity on Prognosis After Early-Stage Breast Cancer 85. Adjuvant Tamoxifen Reduces Subsequent Breast Cancer in Women With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: A Study Based on NSABP Protocol B-24 86. Management of hot flashes in patients who have breast cancer with venlafaxine and clonidine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial 87. Nodal status and clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients with triple-negative breast cancer 88. Chapter 15. Cancer Prevention 89. Chapter 16. Chemotherapy: Mechanisms and Side Effects 90. Chapter 17. Gastrointestinal 91. Chapter 18. Genitourinary 92. Cost-Effectiveness of Prostate Specific Antigen Screening in the United States: Extrapolating From the European Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer 93. Fifteen-year biochemical relapse-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival following I125 prostate brachytherapy in clinically localized prostate cancers: Seattle experience 94. Chapter 19. Gynecology 95. Management of recurrent cervical cancer: A review of the literature 96. A Phase 3 Trial of Bevacizumab in Ovarian Cancer 97. A systematic review evaluating the relationship between progression free survival and post progression survival in advanced ovarian cancer 98. CA-125 can be part of the tumour evaluation criteria in ovarian cancer trials: experience of the GCIG CALYPSO trial 99. Evolution of surgical treatment paradigms for advanced-stage ovarian cancer: Redefining ‘optimal’ residual disease 100. Final overall survival results of phase III GCIG CALYPSO trial of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and carboplatin vs paclitaxel and carboplatin in platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer patients 101. Incorporation of Bevacizumab in the Primary Treatment of Ovarian Cancer 102. OCEANS: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Trial of Chemotherapy With or Without Bevacizumab in Patients With Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian, Primary Peritoneal, or Fallopian Tube Cancer 103. Ovarian low-grade serous carcinoma: A comprehensive update 104. Reclassification of Serous Ovarian Carcinoma by a 2-Tier System: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study 105. Chapter 20. Supportive Care 106. Chapter 21. Thoracic Cancer 107. Impact on disease-free survival of adjuvant erlotinib or gefitinib in patients with resected lung adenocarcinomas that harbor EGFR mutations 108. Prospective Molecular Marker Analyses of EGFR and KRAS From a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Erlotinib Maintenance Therapy in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer 109. Longitudinal Perceptions of Prognosis and Goals of Therapy in Patients With Metastatic Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results of a Randomized Study of Early Palliative Care 110. Phase III Comparison of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation Versus Observation in Patients With Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Primary Analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study RTOG 0214 111. Randomized Phase III Study of Thoracic Radiation in Combination With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin With or Without Thalidomide in Patients With Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The ECOG 3598 Study 112. Carboplatin- or Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The COCIS Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data 113. Chapter 22. Chronic Kidney Disease and Clinical Nephrology 114. Comparison of Risk Prediction Using the CKD-EPI Equation and the MDRD Study Equation for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate 115. GFR Decline and Mortality Risk among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease 116. Access to Health Care Among Adults Evaluated for CKD: Findings From the Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) 117. Physician Utilization, Risk-Factor Control, and CKD Progression Among Participants in the Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) 118. Kidney Function Can Improve in Patients with Hypertensive CKD 119. Associations among perceived and objective disease knowledge and satisfaction with physician communication in patients with chronic kidney disease 120. Does stage III chronic kidney disease always progress to end-stage renal disease? A ten-year follow-up study 121. Trajectories of Kidney Function Decline in the 2 Years Before Initiation of Long-term Dialysis 122. A Predictive Model for Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease to Kidney Failure 123. A Risk Score for Chronic Kidney Disease in the General Population 124. Predictors of Hyperkalemia and Death in Patients With Cardiac and Renal Disease 125. Warfarin in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease 126. Characteristics of Renal Cystic and Solid Lesions Based on Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography of Potential Kidney Donors 127. Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Risks of Mortality and End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease 128. Novel Markers of Kidney Function as Predictors of ESRD, Cardiovascular Disease, and Mortality in the General Population 129. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Mortality among Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from the Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) 130. Chapter 23. Mediators and Modifiers of Renal Injury 131. Dietary acid reduction with fruits and vegetables or bicarbonate attenuates kidney injury in patients with a moderately reduced glomerular filtration rate due to hypertensive nephropathy 132. Markers of inflammation predict the long-term risk of developing chronic kidney disease: a population-based cohort study 133. High dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease 134. Aristolactam-DNA adducts are a biomarker of environmental exposure to aristolochic acid 135. Chapter 24. Diabetes 136. Intensive Diabetes Therapy and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Type 1 Diabetes 137. Sulodexide fails to demonstrate renoprotection in overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy 138. Circulating TNF Receptors 1 and 2 Predict Stage 3 CKD in Type 1 Diabetes 139. Albuminuria and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate as Predictors of Diabetic End-Stage Renal Disease and Death 140. Relative Incidence of ESRD Versus Cardiovascular Mortality in Proteinuric Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy: Results From the DIAMETRIC (Diabetes Mellitus Treatment for Renal Insufficiency Consortium) Database 141. Chapter 25. Selected Issues in Acute Renal Failure 142. AKI in the ICU: definition, epidemiology, risk stratification, and outcomes 143. Model to Predict Mortality in Critically Ill Adults with Acute Kidney Injury 144. Urinary Calprotectin and the Distinction between Prerenal and Intrinsic Acute Kidney Injury 145. Urinary Biomarkers and Renal Recovery in Critically Ill Patients with Renal Support 146. Acute-on-chronic kidney injury at hospital discharge is associated with long-term dialysis and mortality 147. Referral Patterns and Outcomes in Noncritically Ill Patients with Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury 148. Biomarkers Predict Progression of Acute Kidney Injury after Cardiac Surgery 149. Chapter 26. Selected Issues in Chronic Renal Failure and Transplantation 150. Early Changes in Kidney Function Predict Long-Term Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality in Patients After Liver Transplantation 151. Center-Level Factors and Racial Disparities in Living Donor Kidney Transplantation 152. Chapter 27. Dialysis 153. Chapter 28. Asthma, Allergy, and Cystic Fibrosis 154. Two Days of Dexamethasone Versus 5 Days of Prednisone in the Treatment of Acute Asthma: A Randomized Controlled Trial 155. Tiotropium improves lung function in patients with severe uncontrolled asthma: A randomized controlled trial 156. Point: Efficacy of Bronchial Thermoplasty for Patients With Severe Asthma. Is There Sufficient Evidence? Yes 157. Internet-based tapering of oral corticosteroids in severe asthma: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial 158. A CFTR Potentiator in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and the G551D Mutation 159. Chapter 29. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 160. Lifetime risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a longitudinal population study 161. Lung Cancer in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Incidence and Predicting Factors 162. Early-Onset Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Is Associated with Female Sex, Maternal Factors, and African American Race in the COPDGene Study 163. The Progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Is Heterogeneous: The Experience of the BODE Cohort 164. Validation of a Novel Risk Score for Severity of Illness in Acute Exacerbations of COPD 165. Chapter 30. Lung Cancer 166. Reduced Lung-Cancer Mortality with Low-Dose Computed Tomographic Screening 167. Screening by Chest Radiograph and Lung Cancer Mortality: The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Randomized Trial 168. Seventh Edition of the Cancer Staging Manual and Stage Grouping of Lung Cancer: Quick Reference Chart and Diagrams 169. Quitting Smoking Among Adults — United States, 2001–2010 170. Treating Smokers in the Health Care Setting 171. Chapter 31. Pleural, Interstitial Lung, and Pulmonary Vascular Disease 172. A noninvasive algorithm to exclude pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension 173. Usefulness of Serial N-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Measurements for Determining Prognosis in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension 174. Race and Sex Differences in Response to Endothelin Receptor Antagonists for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension 175. Long-term effects of inhaled treprostinil in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: The TReprostinil sodium Inhalation Used in the Management of Pulmonary arterial Hypertension (TRIUMPH) study open-label extension 176. Ascertainment of Individual Risk of Mortality for Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 177. Chapter 32. Sleep Disorders 178. An Integrated Health-Economic Analysis of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies in the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea 179. Cheyne–Stokes respiration and obstructive sleep apnoea are independent risk factors for malignant ventricular arrhythmias requiring appropriate cardioverter-defibrillator therapies in patients with congestive heart failure 180. Obstructive sleep apnoea: a stand-alone risk factor for chronic kidney disease 181. Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Withdrawal in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial 182. A Brief Sleep Intervention Improves Outcomes in the School Entry Year: A Randomized Controlled Trial 183. Chapter 33. Criticial Care Medicine 184. Implementing Early Mobilization Interventions in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the ICU 185. Dysphagia screening decreases pneumonia in acute stroke patients admitted to the stroke intensive care unit 186. Noninvasive versus invasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure in patients with hematologic malignancies: A 5-year multicenter observational survey 187. Airway challenges in critical care 188. Accuracy of a continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitor in intensive care unit patients 189. Chapter 34. Cardiac Arrhythmias, Conduction Disturbances, and Electrophysiology 190. Apixaban versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation 191. Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism with rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and moderate renal impairment 192. The Effect of Rate Control on Quality of Life in Patients With Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: Data From the RACE II (Rate Control Efficacy in Permanent Atrial Fibrillation II) Study 193. Driving restrictions after implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation: an evidence-based approach 194. Colchicine Reduces Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation: Results of the Colchicine for the Prevention of the Postpericardiotomy Syndrome (COPPS) Atrial Fibrillation Substudy 195. Chapter 35. Cardiac Surgery 196. 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Executive summary: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines 197. Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction 198. Bypass Versus Drug-Eluting Stents at Three Years in SYNTAX Patients With Diabetes Mellitus or Metabolic Syndrome 199. Changing outcomes in patients bridged to heart transplantation with continuous- versus pulsatile-flow ventricular assist devices: An analysis of the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation 200. Chapter 36. Coronary Heart Disease 201. Acute coronary syndrome and cocaine use: 8-year prevalence and inhospital outcomes 202. Association Between Adoption of Evidence-Based Treatment and Survival for Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction 203. Association of Door-In to Door-Out Time With Reperfusion Delays and Outcomes Among Patients Transferred for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention 204. Causes of Delay and Associated Mortality in Patients Transferred With ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction 205. Heparin plus a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor versus bivalirudin monotherapy and paclitaxel-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in acute myocardial infarction (HORIZONS-AMI): final 3-year results from a multicentre, randomised controlled trial 206. Intramyocardial, Autologous CD34+ Cell Therapy for Refractory Angina 207. Comparison of coronary bypass surgery with drug-eluting stenting for the treatment of left main and/or three-vessel disease: 3-year follow-up of the SYNTAX trial 208. Optimal timing of coronary angiography and potential intervention in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes 209. Chapter 37. Hypertension 210. ACCF/AHA 2011 Expert Consensus Document on Hypertension in the Elderly: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents Developed in Collaboration With the American Academy of Neurology, American Geriatrics Society, American Society for Preventive Cardiology, American Society of Hypertension, American Society of Nephrology, Association of Black Cardiologists, and European Society of Hypertension 211. NICE clinical guideline 127: Hypertension: Clinical management of primary hypertension in adults 212. Relative effectiveness of clinic and home blood pressure monitoring compared with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in diagnosis of hypertension: systematic review 213. Association of blood pressure in late adolescence with subsequent mortality: cohort study of Swedish male conscripts 214. Reliability of palpation of the radial artery compared with auscultation of the brachial artery in measuring SBP 215. Chapter 38. Non- Coronary Heart Disease in Adults 216. Mortality Reduction of Cardiac Resynchronization and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy in Heart Failure: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Does Recent Evidence Change the Standard of Care? 217. Effects of selective heart rate reduction with ivabradine on left ventricular remodelling and function: results from the SHIFT echocardiography substudy 218. Eplerenone Survival Benefits in Heart Failure Patients Post-Myocardial Infarction Are Independent From its Diuretic and Potassium-Sparing Effects: Insights From an EPHESUS (Eplerenone Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study) Substudy 219. Anticoagulant therapy in pregnant women with mechanical prosthetic heart valves: no easy option 220. Chapter 39. Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease 221. Comparison of Risk of Hypertensive Complications of Pregnancy Among Women With Versus Without Coarctation of the Aorta 222. Best Practices in Managing Transition to Adulthood for Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease: The Transition Process and Medical and Psychosocial Issues: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association 223. Cardiovascular Screening with Electrocardiography and Echocardiography in Collegiate Athletes 224. Chapter 40. Esophagus 225. Systematic review: the use of proton pump inhibitors and increased susceptibility to enteric infection 226. Erosive Esophagitis Is a Risk Factor for Barrett’s Esophagus: A Community-Based Endoscopic Follow-Up Study 227. Efficacy of Large-Diameter Dilatation in Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction 228. Endoscopic Management of Difficult or Recurrent Esophageal Strictures 229. Chapter 41. Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders/Neurogastroenterology 230. A Randomized Study Comparing Levofloxacin, Omeprazole, Nitazoxanide, and Doxycycline versus Triple Therapy for the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori 231. Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Functional Dyspepsia: HEROES Trial 232. Risk of Gastroparesis in Subjects With Type 1 and 2 Diabetes in the General Population 233. Dietary Intake and Nutritional Deficiencies in Patients With Diabetic or Idiopathic Gastroparesis 234. Internet-Delivered Exposure-Based Treatment vs. Stress Management for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Trial 235. Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Rifaximin for Persistent Symptoms in Patients with Celiac Disease 236. Randomised clinical trial: the efficacy of prucalopride in patients with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction - a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, multiple n = 1 study 237. Defecation Disorders in Children After Surgery for Hirschsprung Disease 238. A Prospective Study of Bowel Movement Frequency and Risk of Parkinson's Disease 239. Chapter 42. Inflammatory Bowel Disease 240. Is Obesity a Risk Factor for Crohn's Disease? 241. Does the severity of primary sclerosing cholangitis influence the clinical course of associated ulcerative colitis? 242. Outcomes of Patients With Crohn's Disease Improved From 1988 to 2008 and Were Associated With Increased Specialist Care 243. Adalimumab sustains steroid-free remission after 3 years of therapy for Crohn's disease 244. Crohn's Disease and Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: A Population-Based Case–Control Study 245. Chapter 43. Nutrition and Celiac Disease 246. FERGIcor, a Randomized Controlled Trial on Ferric Carboxymaltose for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease 247. Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma: clinical and histological findings from the International Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Project 248. Duodenal Villous Atrophy: A Cause of Chronic Diarrhea After Solid-Organ Transplantation 249. Collagenous Ileitis: A Study of 13 Cases 250. Natural History of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis 251. Repeat Stool Testing to Diagnose Clostridium difficile Infection Using Enzyme Immunoassay Does Not Increase Diagnostic Yield 252. High Levels of Folate From Supplements and Fortification Are Not Associated With Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer 253. Diet and risk of diverticular disease in Oxford cohort of European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): prospective study of British vegetarians and non-vegetarians 254. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in the Conservative Treatment of Pancreatic Fistula: A Randomized Clinical Trial 255. A Team-Based Protocol and Electromagnetic Technology Eliminate Feeding Tube Placement Complications 256. A One-Year Randomized Trial of Lorcaserin for Weight Loss in Obese and Overweight Adults: The BLOSSOM Trial 257. Chapter 44. Liver Disease 258. Chapter 45. Diabetes 259. Long-Term Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering on Cardiovascular Outcomes 260. The duration of diabetes affects the response to intensive glucose control in type 2 subjects: the VA Diabetes Trial 261. Utility of Hemoglobin A1c for Diagnosing Prediabetes and Diabetes in Obese Children and Adolescents 262. Long-Term Persistence of Hormonal Adaptations to Weight Loss 263. Prospective Associations of Vitamin D With β-Cell Function and Glycemia: The PROspective Metabolism and ISlet cell Evaluation (PROMISE) Cohort Study 264. Valsartan Improves β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Subjects With Impaired Glucose Metabolism: A randomized controlled trial 265. Chapter 46. Lipoproteins and Artherosclerosis 266. Coronary artery disease and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 267. Niacin in Patients with Low HDL Cholesterol Levels Receiving Intensive Statin Therapy 268. Risk of Incident Diabetes With Intensive-Dose Compared With Moderate-Dose Statin Therapy: A Meta-analysis 269. Chapter 47. Obesity 270. Comparative Effectiveness of Weight-Loss Interventions in Clinical Practice 271. Hypertriglyceridemic waist: a simple clinical phenotype associated with coronary artery disease in women 272. Two-year sustained weight loss and metabolic benefits with controlled-release Phentermine/Topiramate in obese and overweight adults (SEQUEL): a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 extension study 273. Bariatric Surgery versus Intensive Medical Therapy in Obese Patients with Diabetes 274. Chapter 48. Thyroid 275. Outcome of Graves’ Orbitopathy after Total Thyroid Ablation and Glucocorticoid Treatment: Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial 276. Simultaneous Occurrence of Subacute Thyroiditis and Graves’ Disease 277. Serum TSH within the Reference Range as a Predictor of Future Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism: 11-Year Follow-Up of the HUNT Study in Norway 278. Treatment of Amiodarone-Induced Thyrotoxicosis Type 2: A Randomized Clinical Trial 279. Chapter 49. Calcium and Bone Metabolism 280. Effect of Stopping Risedronate after Long-Term Treatment on Bone Turnover 281. Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and the Antifracture Efficacy of Alendronate 282. Association of BMD and FRAX Score With Risk of Fracture in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes 283. Effects of Antiresorptive Treatment on Nonvertebral Fracture Outcomes 284. Diets Higher in Dairy Foods and Dietary Protein Support Bone Health During Diet- and Exercise-Induced Weight Loss in Overweight and Obese Premenopausal Women 285. Is Vitamin D a Determinant of Muscle Mass and Strength? 286. Chapter 50. Adrenal Cortex 287. Chapter 51. Reproductive Endocrinology 288. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors in PCOS Women of Postmenopausal Age: A 21-Year Controlled Follow-Up Study 289. High Serum Testosterone Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Men: The MrOS (Osteoporotic Fractures in Men) Study in Sweden 290. Effects of Simvastatin and Metformin on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome after Six Months of Treatment 291. Chapter 52. Pediatric Endocrinology 292. Effect of oxandrolone and timing of pubertal induction on final height in Turner's syndrome: randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial 293. Thyroid function in the nutritionally obese child and adolescent