The Year Book of Pediatrics brings you abstracts of the articles that reported the year's breakthrough developments in pediatrics, carefully selected from more than 500 journals worldwide. Dr. James Stockman III, President of the American Board of Pediatrics, has been a driving force in pediatrics for a generation. He has selected every journal article and written every commentary, sharing his important and unique perspectives. His expert commentaries evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application to your practice. There's no faster or easier way to stay informed! This annual covers all aspects of pediatric care from infectious diseases and immunology, adolescent medicine, therapeutics and toxicology, child development, dentistry and otolaryngology and neurology and psychiatry. The Year Book of Pediatrics publishes annually in December of the preceding year.
1. Cover - p. 1 2. Contents - p. 2 3. 1. Adolescent Medicine - p. 7 4. Autoerotic Asphyxiation: Secret Pleasure—Lethal Outcome? - p. 7 5. Are Adolescents Being Screened for Emotional Distress in Primary Care? - p. 8 6. Adolescents and MP3 Players: Too Many Risks, Too Few Precautions - p. 9 7. Prevention of Depression in At-Risk Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 10 8. Does Alcohol Outlet Density Affect Youth Access to Alcohol? - p. 11 9. Psychological Distress, Television Viewing, and Physical Activity in Children Aged 4 to 12 Years - p. 12 10. Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: National follow-up study - p. 13 11. The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and progestogen type: results of the MEGA case-control study - p. 14 12. Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Female Adolescents Aged 14 to 19 in the United States - p. 15 13. Cost effectiveness analysis of including boys in a human papillomavirus vaccination programme in the United States - p. 16 14. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) recombinant vaccine in women aged 24–45 years: a randomized, double-blind trial - p. 17 15. Vaccination against HPV-16 Oncoproteins for Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia - p. 18 16. Sports Practice Among Adolescents With Chronic Health Conditions - p. 19 17. Primary Access to Vehicles Increases Risky Teen Driving Behaviors and Crashes: National Perspective - p. 20 18. 2. Allergy and Dermatology - p. 21 19. Variants of DENND1B Associated with Asthma in Children - p. 21 20. Filaggrin gene defects and risk of developing allergic sensitisation and allergic disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis - p. 22 21. Low-Risk Lumbar Skin Stigmata in Infants: The Role of Ultrasound Screening - p. 23 22. Prophylactic administration of avotermin for improvement of skin scarring: three double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I/II studies - p. 24 23. Human embryonic stem-cell derivatives for full reconstruction of the pluristratified epidermis: a preclinical study - p. 25 24. Bed Bugs (Cimex lectularius) and Clinical Consequences of Their Bites - p. 26 25. Consensus Statement on Diagnostic Criteria for PHACE Syndrome - p. 27 26. 3. Blood - p. 30 27. The Association Between Iron Deficiency and Febrile Seizures in Childhood - p. 30 28. Reversible Sideropenic Dysphagia in a Toddler With Iron Deficiency - p. 31 29. Adherence to Hydroxyurea Therapy in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia - p. 32 30. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease - p. 33 31. Haemostatic profile of full-term, healthy, small for gestational age neonates - p. 34 32. Athletic Participation in Severe Hemophilia: Bleeding and Joint Outcomes in Children on Prophylaxis - p. 35 33. Incidence of Bleeding Complications in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 von Willebrand Disease Undergoing Adenotonsillar Procedures - p. 36 34. Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Guidance for Management - p. 37 35. Dramatic Increase in Venous Thromboembolism in Children's Hospitals in the United States from 2001 to 2007 - p. 38 36. Using Thrombophilia Testing to Determine Anticoagulation Duration in Pediatric Thrombosis is not Cost-Effective - p. 39 37. X-Linked Thrombophilia with a Mutant Factor IX (Factor IX Padua) - p. 40 38. 4. Child Development/Behavior - p. 41 39. The Long War and Parental Combat Deployment: Effects on Military Children and At-Home Spouses - p. 41 40. Maternal Ratings of Attention Problems in ADHD: Evidence for the Existence of a Continuum - p. 42 41. Evaluating Dopamine Reward Pathway in ADHD: Clinical Implications - p. 43 42. Prevalence of Parent-Reported Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children in the US, 2007 - p. 44 43. Positive Screening on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) in Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns - p. 45 44. Aripiprazole in the Treatment of Irritability in Children and Adolescents With Autistic Disorder - p. 46 45. One-Session Treatment of Specific Phobias in Youth: A Randomized Clinical Trial in the United States and Sweden - p. 47 46. A Prospective Study of Age at Initiation of Toilet Training and Subsequent Daytime Bladder Control in School-Age Children - p. 48 47. 5. Dentistry and Otolaryngology (ENT) - p. 49 48. Barriers to the Adoption and Implementation of Preventive Dental Services in Primary Medical Care - p. 49 49. Xylitol Pediatric Topical Oral Syrup to Prevent Dental Caries: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Efficacy - p. 50 50. The incidence and aetiology of epistaxis in infants: a population-based study - p. 51 51. Adenotonsillectomy and the Development of Overweight - p. 52 52. Effectiveness of Adenotonsillectomy in PFAPA Syndrome: A Randomized Study - p. 53 53. Effectiveness of Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Potassium in the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Sinusitis in Children - p. 54 54. New Vaccines Against Otitis Media: Projected Benefits and Cost-effectiveness - p. 55 55. Observation Option for Acute Otitis Media in the Emergency Department - p. 56 56. Management of Acute Otitis Media After Publication of the 2004 AAP and AAFP Clinical Practice Guideline - p. 57 57. Topical intranasal corticosteroids in 4-11 year old children with persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion in primary care: double blind randomised placebo controlled trial - p. 58 58. Clinical Outcome in Children With Culture-Negative Acute Otitis Media - p. 59 59. Hearing Improvement after Bevacizumab in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 2 - p. 60 60. Hearing screening in newborns: systematic review of accuracy, effectiveness, and effects of interventions after screening - p. 61 61. 6. Endocrinology - p. 62 62. Recent Decline in Age at Breast Development: The Copenhagen Puberty Study - p. 62 63. Premature Thelarche: Age at Presentation Affects Clinical Course but Not Clinical Characteristics or Risk to Progress to Precocious Puberty - p. 63 64. Update on Age at Menarche in Italy: Toward the Leveling Off of the Secular Trend - p. 64 65. Body Mass Index and Timing of Pubertal Initiation in Boys - p. 65 66. Prevalence of Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Children with Celiac Disease and Effect of Gluten Withdrawal - p. 66 67. Effect of Android to Gynoid Fat Ratio on Insulin Resistance in Obese Youth - p. 67 68. Incidence trends for childhood type 1 diabetes in Europe during 1989–2003 and predicted new cases 2005–20: a multicentre prospective registration study - p. 68 69. Adiponectin Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis - p. 69 70. Effect of intensive control of glucose on cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - p. 70 71. Manual closed-loop insulin delivery in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a phase 2 randomised crossover trial - p. 71 72. Rituximab, B-Lymphocyte Depletion, and Preservation of Beta-Cell Function - p. 72 73. 7. Gastroenterology - p. 73 74. Positive Association Between Helicobacter pylori and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Children - p. 73 75. A Global, Evidence-Based Consensus on the Definition of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Pediatric Population - p. 74 76. Diagnostic Criteria for Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A 5-year Retrospective Review in a Pediatric Population - p. 77 77. Return of the surgeon in the diagnosis of pyloric stenosis - p. 78 78. Telaprevir with Peginterferon and Ribavirin for Chronic HCV Genotype 1 Infection - p. 80 79. Trends in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease–related Hospitalizations in US Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults - p. 82 80. Pharmacological Interventions for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults and in Children: A Systematic Review - p. 83 81. Pediatric Robotic Surgery: Early Assessment - p. 85 82. Omental Infarction in Children - p. 86 83. Neurological symptoms in children with intussusception - p. 87 84. The Changing Face of Childhood Celiac Disease in North America: Impact of Serological Testing - p. 88 85. Celiac Disease Revealed in 3% of Swedish 12-year-olds Born During an Epidemic - p. 89 86. Oats Do Not Induce Systemic or Mucosal Autoantibody Response in Children With Coeliac Disease - p. 90 87. Long-term Health and Quality-of-Life Consequences of Mass Screening for Childhood Celiac Disease: A 10-Year Follow-up Study - p. 91 88. Headache in Pediatric Patients With Celiac Disease and Its Prevalence as a Diagnostic Clue - p. 92 89. Small-Intestinal Histopathology and Mortality Risk in Celiac Disease - p. 93 90. Systematic Review: The Role of Breastfeeding in the Development of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease - p. 94 91. Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Mutations Affecting the Interleukin-10 Receptor - p. 95 92. Variation in Care in Pediatric Crohn Disease - p. 96 93. Methotrexate Treatment in Pediatric Crohn Disease Patients Intolerant or Resistant to Purine Analogues - p. 97 94. Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients receiving thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective observational cohort study - p. 98 95. Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and the Risk of Lymphoma: Should We Revise Our Treatment Strategies? - p. 99 96. Transition of Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease From Pediatric to Adult Care: A Survey of Adult Gastroenterologists - p. 100 97. Altered Fecal Microflora and Increased Fecal Calprotectin in Infants with Colic - p. 101 98. Infant Stool Form Scale: Development and Results - p. 102 99. 8. Genitourinary Tract - p. 103 100. Incidence and Trends of Pediatric Ovarian Torsion Hospitalizations in the United States, 2000–2006 - p. 103 101. A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Screening Urine Dipsticks in Well-Child Care - p. 104 102. Redefining Urinary Tract Infections by Bacterial Colony Counts - p. 105 103. Urinary Tract Infections in 1- to 3-Month-Old Infants: Ambulatory Treatment With Intravenous Antibiotics - p. 106 104. Serum Procalcitonin for Prediction of Renal Parenchymal Involvement in Children with Urinary Tract Infections: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Clinical Studies - p. 107 105. A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate - p. 108 106. Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Thromboembolic Complications of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: A Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium (MWPNC) Study - p. 109 107. Epilepsy, Ataxia, Sensorineural Deafness, Tubulopathy, and KCNJ10 Mutations - p. 110 108. Pyuria associated with acute Kawasaki disease and fever from other causes - p. 111 109. Thrombomodulin Mutations in Atypical Hemolytic–Uremic Syndrome - p. 112 110. Pediatric Urolithiasis: Clinical Predictors in the Emergency Department - p. 113 111. Twenty-five Years of Infant Dialysis: A Single Center Experience - p. 114 112. Melamine-Contaminated Powdered Formula and Urolithiasis in Young Children - p. 115 113. 9. Heart and Blood Vessels - p. 116 114. Genetic Variants Associated With Cardiac Structure and Function: A Meta-analysis and Replication of Genome-wide Association Data - p. 116 115. Role of Pulse Oximetry in Examining Newborns for Congenital Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement from the AHA and AAP - p. 117 116. Prenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Disease - p. 119 117. Prevalence of severe congenital heart disease after folic acid fortification of grain products: time trend analysis in Quebec, Canada - p. 120 118. Policies on Donation After Cardiac Death at Children's Hospitals: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Variation - p. 121 119. Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Frequency of Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Marfan Syndrome Diagnosed in Adulthood Versus Childhood - p. 122 120. Clinical Outcome and Phenotypic Expression in LAMP2 Cardiomyopathy - p. 123 121. Treatment of Kawasaki Disease: Analysis of 27 US Pediatric Hospitals From 2001 to 2006 - p. 125 122. Cardiac Operations for North American Children with Rheumatic Diseases: 1985–2005 - p. 126 123. Cardiovascular Screening in College Athletes With and Without Electrocardiography: A Cross-sectional Study - p. 127 124. Commotio Cordis and the Epidemiology of Sudden Death in Competitive Lacrosse - p. 128 125. What Is the Correct Depth of Chest Compression for Infants and Children? A Radiological Study - p. 129 126. 10. Infectious Diseases and Immunology - p. 130 127. Bulging fontanelle in febrile infants: is lumbar puncture mandatory? - p. 130 128. Use of Canakinumab in the Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndrome - p. 131 129. Deriving temperature and age appropriate heart rate centiles for children with acute infections - p. 132 130. Effect of Reduced-Dose Schedules With 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Carriage in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 133 131. Parental Refusal of Pertussis Vaccination Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Pertussis Infection in Children - p. 134 132. Effect of Human Rotavirus Vaccine on Severe Diarrhea in African Infants - p. 135 133. Vaccine-Acquired Rotavirus in Infants with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency - p. 136 134. The Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Herpes Zoster Among Children and Adolescents After Implementation of Varicella Vaccination - p. 137 135. Incidence of Herpes Zoster Among Children Vaccinated With Varicella Vaccine in a Prepaid Health Care Plan in the United States, 2002–2008 - p. 138 136. Occult Varicella - p. 139 137. Clinical Characteristics of Human Parechoviruses 4–6 Infections in Young Children - p. 140 138. Vaccine Prevention of Maternal Cytomegalovirus Infection - p. 141 139. Dried Blood Spot Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays to Screen Newborns for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection - p. 142 140. Male Circumcision for the Prevention of HSV-2 and HPV Infections and Syphilis - p. 143 141. Fatal Case of Deer Tick Virus Encephalitis - p. 144 142. Emergence of a Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Humans - p. 145 143. Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus - p. 146 144. Immune response after a single vaccination against 2009 influenza A H1N1 in USA: a preliminary report of two randomised controlled phase 2 trials - p. 147 145. Safety and immunogenicity of a 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccine when administered alone or simultaneously with the seasonal influenza vaccine for the 2009–10 influenza season: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial - p. 148 146. Immunogenicity of a Monovalent 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Vaccine in Infants and Children: A Randomized Trial - p. 149 147. Severe 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Pregnant and Postpartum Women in California - p. 150 148. H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection during pregnancy in the USA - p. 151 149. Hospitalized Patients with 2009 H1N1 Influenza in the United States, April–June 2009 - p. 152 150. Surgical Mask vs N95 Respirator for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Workers: A Randomized Trial - p. 153 151. Practice of Feeding Premasticated Food to Infants: A Potential Risk Factor for HIV Transmission - p. 154 152. The Probiotic Content of Commercial Yogurts in West Virginia - p. 155 153. Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Infections Associated With Small Turtle Exposure, 2007–2008 - p. 156 154. Typhoid Fever in the United States, 1999-2006 - p. 157 155. Green Banana Reduces Clinical Severity of Childhood Shigellosis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial - p. 158 156. Treatment with Monoclonal Antibodies against Clostridium difficile Toxins - p. 159 157. A Comparison of Early Versus Late Conversion From Intravenous to Oral Therapy in the Treatment of Septic Arthritis - p. 160 158. The Diarylquinoline TMC207 for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis - p. 161 159. Genomewide Association Study of Leprosy - p. 163 160. Raxibacumab for the Treatment of Inhalational Anthrax - p. 164 161. DiGeorge Anomaly in the Absence of Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion - p. 165 162. Statewide Newborn Screening for Severe T-Cell Lymphopenia - p. 166 163. Combined Immunodeficiency Associated with DOCK8 Mutations - p. 167 164. Long-term Clinical Outcome of Patients with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Who Received Related Donor Bone Marrow Transplants without Pretransplant Chemotherapy or Post-transplant GVHD Prophylaxis - p. 168 165. 11. Miscellaneous - p. 169 166. Cost Implications of Reduced Work Hours and Workloads for Resident Physicians - p. 169 167. Rate of undesirable events at beginning of academic year: retrospective cohort study - p. 170 168. Decreasing PICU Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections: NACHRI's Quality Transformation Efforts - p. 171 169. Relationship of Primary Care Physicians' Patient Caseload With Measurement of Quality and Cost Performance - p. 172 170. Working Conditions in Primary Care: Physician Reactions and Care Quality - p. 173 171. Effects of Pay for Performance on the Quality of Primary Care in England - p. 174 172. Career Longevity in Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - p. 175 173. Acute Computer-Related Injuries Treated in U.S. Emergency Departments, 1994–2006 - p. 176 174. A Pediatric Acute Wound Service: a novel approach in wound management - p. 177 175. Injury patterns among obese children involved in motor vehicle collisions - p. 178 176. Physical Education Class Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments in the US in 1997–2007 - p. 179 177. Investigation of growth, development, and factors associated with injury in elite schoolboy footballers: prospective study - p. 180 178. Clinical and financial characteristics of pediatric surgery practices - p. 181 179. China’s excess males, sex selective abortion, and one child policy: analysis of data from 2005 national intercensus survey - p. 182 180. Safety of Frequent Venous Blood Sampling in a Pediatric Research Population - p. 183 181. Utility of Hepatic Transaminases to Recognize Abuse in Children - p. 184 182. Screening for Occult Abdominal Trauma in Children With Suspected Physical Abuse - p. 185 183. Brainstem Serotonergic Deficiency in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - p. 186 184. Concurrent Risks in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - p. 187 185. Post-mortem examination of human fetuses: a comparison of whole-body high-field MRI at 9·4 T with conventional MRI and invasive autopsy - p. 188 186. Funding of US Biomedical Research, 2003-2008 - p. 189 187. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's grant-making programme for global health - p. 190 188. Prevalence of Down Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in 10 Regions of the United States - p. 191 189. Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With That of Other Medical Settings for 3 Common Illnesses - p. 192 190. The Geographic Distribution, Ownership, Prices, and Scope of Practice at Retail Clinics - p. 193 191. 12. Musculoskeletal - p. 194 192. Teleconsultation Using Multimedia Messaging Service for Management Plan in Pediatric Orthopaedics: A Pilot Study - p. 194 193. Safety of Percutaneous Tendoachilles Tenotomy Performed Under General Anesthesia on Infants With Idiopathic Clubfoot - p. 195 194. The Effectiveness of Botulinum A Toxin as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Clubfeet by the Ponseti Method: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study - p. 196 195. Injectable Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum for Dupuytren’s Contracture - p. 197 196. Presentation, Evaluation, and Treatment of Clavicle Fractures in Preschool Children Presenting to an Emergency Department - p. 199 197. Evaluating the Injury Incidence From Skate Shoes in the United States - p. 200 198. Anterior Shoulder Forces in Professional and Little League Pitchers - p. 201 199. Association of Leg-Length Inequality With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Cohort Study - p. 202 200. Methotrexate Withdrawal at 6 vs 12 Months in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Remission: A Randomized Clinical Trial - p. 203 201. An Autoinflammatory Disease with Deficiency of the Interleukin-1–Receptor Antagonist - p. 204 202. Adolescent Offspring of Mothers With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - p. 205 203. 13. Neurology and Psychiatry - p. 206 204. The Child Neurology Workforce Study: Pediatrician Access and Satisfaction - p. 206 205. The Long-Term Effects of Breastfeeding on Child and Adolescent Mental Health: A Pregnancy Cohort Study Followed for 14 Years - p. 207 206. Hair-Grooming Syncope in Children - p. 208 207. Cognitive Function at 3 Years of Age after Fetal Exposure to Antiepileptic Drugs - p. 209 208. Ethosuximide, Valproic Acid, and Lamotrigine in Childhood Absence Epilepsy - p. 210 209. Long-term risk of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury in children and young adults: a population-based cohort study - p. 211 210. Identification of children at very low risk of clinically-important brain injuries after head trauma: a prospective cohort study - p. 212 211. Acute Subdural Hematoma: Potential Soccer Injury in an Otherwise Healthy Child - p. 213 212. Willful Modulation of Brain Activity in Disorders of Consciousness - p. 214 213. Incidental findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis - p. 215 214. Association of a Functional Polymorphism in the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Gene With Memory Decline and Incidence of Dementia - p. 216 215. Longitudinal Modeling of Age-Related Memory Decline and the APOE 4 Effect - p. 217 216. Disclosure of APOE Genotype for Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 218 217. Association between school absence and physical function in paediatric chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalopathy - p. 219 218. Memory and attention problems in children with chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalopathy - p. 220 219. Combined Corticosteroid and Antiviral Treatment for Bell Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis - p. 221 220. Delayed Diagnosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Data from the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network (MD STARnet) - p. 222 221. Effect of glatiramer acetate on conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (PreCISe study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial - p. 223 222. A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Cladribine for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis - p. 224 223. Multicenter Analysis of Glucocerebrosidase Mutations in Parkinson's Disease - p. 225 224. Clinical and Mutational Spectrum of Neurofibromatosis Type 1–like Syndrome - p. 226 225. Cardiometabolic Risk of Second-Generation Antipsychotic Medications During First-Time Use in Children and Adolescents - p. 227 226. Anticonvulsant Medications and the Risk of Suicide, Attempted Suicide, or Violent Death - p. 228 227. Prenatal, Perinatal, and Neonatal Factors Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorders - p. 229 228. 14. Newborn - p. 230 229. Progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth in twin pregnancy (STOPPIT): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study and meta-analysis - p. 230 230. Resuscitation at birth and cognition at 8 years of age: a cohort study - p. 231 231. One-Year Survival of Extremely Preterm Infants After Active Perinatal Care in Sweden - p. 232 232. Evaluation of Universal Antenatal Screening for Group B Streptococcus - p. 233 233. What Brings Newborns to the Emergency Department? A 1-Year Study - p. 234 234. Systematic Review of Screening for Bilirubin Encephalopathy in Neonates - p. 235 235. Impact of Universal Bilirubin Screening on Severe Hyperbilirubinemia and Phototherapy Use - p. 236 236. Does Ibuprofen Increase Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia? - p. 237 237. Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis - p. 238 238. 15. Nutrition and Metabolism - p. 239 239. Cold Storage of Human Milk: Effect on Its Bacterial Composition - p. 239 240. Snacking in Children: The Role of Urban Corner Stores - p. 240 241. Prevalence of Food and Beverage Brands in Movies: 1996–2005 - p. 241 242. Childhood Obesity, Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Premature Death - p. 242 243. Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, for lowering of LDL cholesterol concentrations in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial - p. 243 244. Screening of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Children: A Primary Care Concern - p. 244 245. Timing and Tempo of First-Year Rapid Growth in Relation to Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk Profile in Early Adulthood - p. 245 246. Metformin Extended Release Treatment of Adolescent Obesity: A 48-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial With 48-Week Follow-up - p. 246 247. Enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase alfa in patients with Fabry's disease: an analysis of registry data - p. 247 248. 16. Oncology - p. 248 249. Exposure to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation from Medical Imaging Procedures - p. 248 250. Tea drinking habits and oesophageal cancer in a high risk area in northern Iran: population based case-control study - p. 249 251. Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in Families With Lynch Syndrome - p. 250 252. A Network Model of a Cooperative Genetic Landscape in Brain Tumors - p. 251 253. No Evidence of a Trial Effect in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - p. 252 254. Risk Factors for Infection-Related Outcomes During Induction Therapy for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - p. 253 255. Late Effects in Long-Term Survivors After Treatment for Childhood Acute Leukemia - p. 254 256. Cardiac outcomes in a cohort of adult survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: retrospective analysis of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort - p. 255 257. Systematic Review: Surveillance for Breast Cancer in Women Treated With Chest Radiation for Childhood, Adolescent, or Young Adult Cancer - p. 256 258. The Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer, a Review - p. 257 259. Pregnancy Outcomes in Female Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Survivors: A Linked Cancer-Birth Registry Analysis - p. 258 260. 17. Ophthalmology - p. 259 261. Myopia and later physical activity in adolescence: a prospective study - p. 259 262. Efficacy and Safety of Azithromycin 1.5% Eye Drops for Purulent Bacterial Conjunctivitis in Pediatric Patients - p. 260 263. Epidemiology and Course of Disease in Childhood Uveitis - p. 261 264. Uveitis survey in children - p. 262 265. Age-dependent effects of RPE65 gene therapy for Leber's congenital amaurosis: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial - p. 263 266. 18. Respiratory Tract - p. 264 267. In Utero Smoke Exposure, Glutathione S-transferase P1 Haplotypes, and Respiratory Illness–Related Absence Among Schoolchildren - p. 264 268. Exposure to secondhand smoke and cognitive impairment in non-smokers: national cross sectional study with cotinine measurement - p. 265 269. Early Exposure to Movie Smoking Predicts Established Smoking by Older Teens and Young Adults - p. 266 270. The Association of Pipe and Cigar Use With Cotinine Levels, Lung Function, and Airflow Obstruction: A Cross-sectional Study - p. 267 271. Step-up Therapy for Children with Uncontrolled Asthma Receiving Inhaled Corticosteroids - p. 268 272. Epinephrine and Dexamethasone in Children with Bronchiolitis - p. 270 273. The effect of high dose inhaled corticosteroids on wheeze in infants after respiratory syncytial virus infection: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial - p. 271 274. Severe Respiratory Disease Concurrent with the Circulation of H1N1 Influenza - p. 272 275. Acid-Suppressive Medication Use and the Risk for Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia - p. 273 276. Use and Yield of Chest Computed Tomography in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Pediatric Lung Disease - p. 274 277. Impact of Chlorinated Swimming Pool Attendance on the Respiratory Health of Adolescents - p. 275 278. 19. Therapeutics and Toxicology - p. 276 279. Adverse drug reactions in childhood: a review of prospective studies and safety alerts - p. 276 280. Parental Misinterpretations of Over-the-Counter Pediatric Cough and Cold Medication Labels - p. 278 281. Cardiovascular Effects of Longer-Term, High-Dose OROS Methylphenidate in Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - p. 279 282. Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment of the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Trial - p. 280 283. Effect of prophylactic paracetamol administration at time of vaccination on febrile reactions and antibody responses in children: two open-label, randomised controlled trials - p. 281 284. Interventions to Reduce Pain during Vaccination in Infancy - p. 283 285. Order of Vaccine Injection and Infant Pain Response - p. 284 286. The Impact of Bittering Agents on Pediatric Ingestions of Antifreeze - p. 285 287. Higher Infant Blood Lead Levels with Longer Duration of Breastfeeding - p. 286 288. A Cluster of Children With Seizures Caused by Camphor Poisoning - p. 287 289. Brown Recluse Spider (Loxosceles reclusa) Envenomation Leading to Acute Hemolytic Anemia in Six Adolescents - p. 288 290. Antivenom for Critically Ill Children with Neurotoxicity from Scorpion Stings - p. 289 291. Glass Thermometer Injuries: It Is Not Just About the Mercury - p. 291
The Year Book of Pediatrics brings you abstracts of the articles that reported the year's breakthrough developments in pediatrics, carefully selected from more than 500 journals worldwide. Dr. James Stockman III, President of the American Board of Pediatrics, has been a driving force in pediatrics for a generation. He has selected every journal article and written every commentary, sharing his important and unique perspectives. His expert commentaries evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application to your practice. There's no faster or easier way to stay informed! This annual covers all aspects of pediatric care from infectious diseases and immunology, adolescent medicine, therapeutics and toxicology, child development, dentistry and otolaryngology and neurology and psychiatry. The Year Book of Pediatrics publishes annually in December of the preceding year.
1. Cover - p. 1 2. Contents - p. 2 3. 1. Adolescent Medicine - p. 7 4. Autoerotic Asphyxiation: Secret Pleasure—Lethal Outcome? - p. 7 5. Are Adolescents Being Screened for Emotional Distress in Primary Care? - p. 8 6. Adolescents and MP3 Players: Too Many Risks, Too Few Precautions - p. 9 7. Prevention of Depression in At-Risk Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 10 8. Does Alcohol Outlet Density Affect Youth Access to Alcohol? - p. 11 9. Psychological Distress, Television Viewing, and Physical Activity in Children Aged 4 to 12 Years - p. 12 10. Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: National follow-up study - p. 13 11. The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and progestogen type: results of the MEGA case-control study - p. 14 12. Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Female Adolescents Aged 14 to 19 in the United States - p. 15 13. Cost effectiveness analysis of including boys in a human papillomavirus vaccination programme in the United States - p. 16 14. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) recombinant vaccine in women aged 24–45 years: a randomized, double-blind trial - p. 17 15. Vaccination against HPV-16 Oncoproteins for Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia - p. 18 16. Sports Practice Among Adolescents With Chronic Health Conditions - p. 19 17. Primary Access to Vehicles Increases Risky Teen Driving Behaviors and Crashes: National Perspective - p. 20 18. 2. Allergy and Dermatology - p. 21 19. Variants of DENND1B Associated with Asthma in Children - p. 21 20. Filaggrin gene defects and risk of developing allergic sensitisation and allergic disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis - p. 22 21. Low-Risk Lumbar Skin Stigmata in Infants: The Role of Ultrasound Screening - p. 23 22. Prophylactic administration of avotermin for improvement of skin scarring: three double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I/II studies - p. 24 23. Human embryonic stem-cell derivatives for full reconstruction of the pluristratified epidermis: a preclinical study - p. 25 24. Bed Bugs (Cimex lectularius) and Clinical Consequences of Their Bites - p. 26 25. Consensus Statement on Diagnostic Criteria for PHACE Syndrome - p. 27 26. 3. Blood - p. 30 27. The Association Between Iron Deficiency and Febrile Seizures in Childhood - p. 30 28. Reversible Sideropenic Dysphagia in a Toddler With Iron Deficiency - p. 31 29. Adherence to Hydroxyurea Therapy in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia - p. 32 30. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease - p. 33 31. Haemostatic profile of full-term, healthy, small for gestational age neonates - p. 34 32. Athletic Participation in Severe Hemophilia: Bleeding and Joint Outcomes in Children on Prophylaxis - p. 35 33. Incidence of Bleeding Complications in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 von Willebrand Disease Undergoing Adenotonsillar Procedures - p. 36 34. Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Guidance for Management - p. 37 35. Dramatic Increase in Venous Thromboembolism in Children's Hospitals in the United States from 2001 to 2007 - p. 38 36. Using Thrombophilia Testing to Determine Anticoagulation Duration in Pediatric Thrombosis is not Cost-Effective - p. 39 37. X-Linked Thrombophilia with a Mutant Factor IX (Factor IX Padua) - p. 40 38. 4. Child Development/Behavior - p. 41 39. The Long War and Parental Combat Deployment: Effects on Military Children and At-Home Spouses - p. 41 40. Maternal Ratings of Attention Problems in ADHD: Evidence for the Existence of a Continuum - p. 42 41. Evaluating Dopamine Reward Pathway in ADHD: Clinical Implications - p. 43 42. Prevalence of Parent-Reported Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children in the US, 2007 - p. 44 43. Positive Screening on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) in Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns - p. 45 44. Aripiprazole in the Treatment of Irritability in Children and Adolescents With Autistic Disorder - p. 46 45. One-Session Treatment of Specific Phobias in Youth: A Randomized Clinical Trial in the United States and Sweden - p. 47 46. A Prospective Study of Age at Initiation of Toilet Training and Subsequent Daytime Bladder Control in School-Age Children - p. 48 47. 5. Dentistry and Otolaryngology (ENT) - p. 49 48. Barriers to the Adoption and Implementation of Preventive Dental Services in Primary Medical Care - p. 49 49. Xylitol Pediatric Topical Oral Syrup to Prevent Dental Caries: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Efficacy - p. 50 50. The incidence and aetiology of epistaxis in infants: a population-based study - p. 51 51. Adenotonsillectomy and the Development of Overweight - p. 52 52. Effectiveness of Adenotonsillectomy in PFAPA Syndrome: A Randomized Study - p. 53 53. Effectiveness of Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Potassium in the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Sinusitis in Children - p. 54 54. New Vaccines Against Otitis Media: Projected Benefits and Cost-effectiveness - p. 55 55. Observation Option for Acute Otitis Media in the Emergency Department - p. 56 56. Management of Acute Otitis Media After Publication of the 2004 AAP and AAFP Clinical Practice Guideline - p. 57 57. Topical intranasal corticosteroids in 4-11 year old children with persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion in primary care: double blind randomised placebo controlled trial - p. 58 58. Clinical Outcome in Children With Culture-Negative Acute Otitis Media - p. 59 59. Hearing Improvement after Bevacizumab in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 2 - p. 60 60. Hearing screening in newborns: systematic review of accuracy, effectiveness, and effects of interventions after screening - p. 61 61. 6. Endocrinology - p. 62 62. Recent Decline in Age at Breast Development: The Copenhagen Puberty Study - p. 62 63. Premature Thelarche: Age at Presentation Affects Clinical Course but Not Clinical Characteristics or Risk to Progress to Precocious Puberty - p. 63 64. Update on Age at Menarche in Italy: Toward the Leveling Off of the Secular Trend - p. 64 65. Body Mass Index and Timing of Pubertal Initiation in Boys - p. 65 66. Prevalence of Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Children with Celiac Disease and Effect of Gluten Withdrawal - p. 66 67. Effect of Android to Gynoid Fat Ratio on Insulin Resistance in Obese Youth - p. 67 68. Incidence trends for childhood type 1 diabetes in Europe during 1989–2003 and predicted new cases 2005–20: a multicentre prospective registration study - p. 68 69. Adiponectin Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis - p. 69 70. Effect of intensive control of glucose on cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - p. 70 71. Manual closed-loop insulin delivery in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a phase 2 randomised crossover trial - p. 71 72. Rituximab, B-Lymphocyte Depletion, and Preservation of Beta-Cell Function - p. 72 73. 7. Gastroenterology - p. 73 74. Positive Association Between Helicobacter pylori and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Children - p. 73 75. A Global, Evidence-Based Consensus on the Definition of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Pediatric Population - p. 74 76. Diagnostic Criteria for Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A 5-year Retrospective Review in a Pediatric Population - p. 77 77. Return of the surgeon in the diagnosis of pyloric stenosis - p. 78 78. Telaprevir with Peginterferon and Ribavirin for Chronic HCV Genotype 1 Infection - p. 80 79. Trends in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease–related Hospitalizations in US Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults - p. 82 80. Pharmacological Interventions for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults and in Children: A Systematic Review - p. 83 81. Pediatric Robotic Surgery: Early Assessment - p. 85 82. Omental Infarction in Children - p. 86 83. Neurological symptoms in children with intussusception - p. 87 84. The Changing Face of Childhood Celiac Disease in North America: Impact of Serological Testing - p. 88 85. Celiac Disease Revealed in 3% of Swedish 12-year-olds Born During an Epidemic - p. 89 86. Oats Do Not Induce Systemic or Mucosal Autoantibody Response in Children With Coeliac Disease - p. 90 87. Long-term Health and Quality-of-Life Consequences of Mass Screening for Childhood Celiac Disease: A 10-Year Follow-up Study - p. 91 88. Headache in Pediatric Patients With Celiac Disease and Its Prevalence as a Diagnostic Clue - p. 92 89. Small-Intestinal Histopathology and Mortality Risk in Celiac Disease - p. 93 90. Systematic Review: The Role of Breastfeeding in the Development of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease - p. 94 91. Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Mutations Affecting the Interleukin-10 Receptor - p. 95 92. Variation in Care in Pediatric Crohn Disease - p. 96 93. Methotrexate Treatment in Pediatric Crohn Disease Patients Intolerant or Resistant to Purine Analogues - p. 97 94. Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients receiving thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective observational cohort study - p. 98 95. Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and the Risk of Lymphoma: Should We Revise Our Treatment Strategies? - p. 99 96. Transition of Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease From Pediatric to Adult Care: A Survey of Adult Gastroenterologists - p. 100 97. Altered Fecal Microflora and Increased Fecal Calprotectin in Infants with Colic - p. 101 98. Infant Stool Form Scale: Development and Results - p. 102 99. 8. Genitourinary Tract - p. 103 100. Incidence and Trends of Pediatric Ovarian Torsion Hospitalizations in the United States, 2000–2006 - p. 103 101. A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Screening Urine Dipsticks in Well-Child Care - p. 104 102. Redefining Urinary Tract Infections by Bacterial Colony Counts - p. 105 103. Urinary Tract Infections in 1- to 3-Month-Old Infants: Ambulatory Treatment With Intravenous Antibiotics - p. 106 104. Serum Procalcitonin for Prediction of Renal Parenchymal Involvement in Children with Urinary Tract Infections: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Clinical Studies - p. 107 105. A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate - p. 108 106. Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Thromboembolic Complications of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: A Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium (MWPNC) Study - p. 109 107. Epilepsy, Ataxia, Sensorineural Deafness, Tubulopathy, and KCNJ10 Mutations - p. 110 108. Pyuria associated with acute Kawasaki disease and fever from other causes - p. 111 109. Thrombomodulin Mutations in Atypical Hemolytic–Uremic Syndrome - p. 112 110. Pediatric Urolithiasis: Clinical Predictors in the Emergency Department - p. 113 111. Twenty-five Years of Infant Dialysis: A Single Center Experience - p. 114 112. Melamine-Contaminated Powdered Formula and Urolithiasis in Young Children - p. 115 113. 9. Heart and Blood Vessels - p. 116 114. Genetic Variants Associated With Cardiac Structure and Function: A Meta-analysis and Replication of Genome-wide Association Data - p. 116 115. Role of Pulse Oximetry in Examining Newborns for Congenital Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement from the AHA and AAP - p. 117 116. Prenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Disease - p. 119 117. Prevalence of severe congenital heart disease after folic acid fortification of grain products: time trend analysis in Quebec, Canada - p. 120 118. Policies on Donation After Cardiac Death at Children's Hospitals: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Variation - p. 121 119. Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Frequency of Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Marfan Syndrome Diagnosed in Adulthood Versus Childhood - p. 122 120. Clinical Outcome and Phenotypic Expression in LAMP2 Cardiomyopathy - p. 123 121. Treatment of Kawasaki Disease: Analysis of 27 US Pediatric Hospitals From 2001 to 2006 - p. 125 122. Cardiac Operations for North American Children with Rheumatic Diseases: 1985–2005 - p. 126 123. Cardiovascular Screening in College Athletes With and Without Electrocardiography: A Cross-sectional Study - p. 127 124. Commotio Cordis and the Epidemiology of Sudden Death in Competitive Lacrosse - p. 128 125. What Is the Correct Depth of Chest Compression for Infants and Children? A Radiological Study - p. 129 126. 10. Infectious Diseases and Immunology - p. 130 127. Bulging fontanelle in febrile infants: is lumbar puncture mandatory? - p. 130 128. Use of Canakinumab in the Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndrome - p. 131 129. Deriving temperature and age appropriate heart rate centiles for children with acute infections - p. 132 130. Effect of Reduced-Dose Schedules With 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Carriage in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial - p. 133 131. Parental Refusal of Pertussis Vaccination Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Pertussis Infection in Children - p. 134 132. Effect of Human Rotavirus Vaccine on Severe Diarrhea in African Infants - p. 135 133. Vaccine-Acquired Rotavirus in Infants with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency - p. 136 134. The Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Herpes Zoster Among Children and Adolescents After Implementation of Varicella Vaccination - p. 137 135. Incidence of Herpes Zoster Among Children Vaccinated With Varicella Vaccine in a Prepaid Health Care Plan in the United States, 2002–2008 - p. 138 136. Occult Varicella - p. 139 137. Clinical Characteristics of Human Parechoviruses 4–6 Infections in Young Children - p. 140 138. Vaccine Prevention of Maternal Cytomegalovirus Infection - p. 141 139. Dried Blood Spot Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays to Screen Newborns for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection - p. 142 140. Male Circumcision for the Prevention of HSV-2 and HPV Infections and Syphilis - p. 143 141. Fatal Case of Deer Tick Virus Encephalitis - p. 144 142. Emergence of a Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Humans - p. 145 143. Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus - p. 146 144. Immune response after a single vaccination against 2009 influenza A H1N1 in USA: a preliminary report of two randomised controlled phase 2 trials - p. 147 145. Safety and immunogenicity of a 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccine when administered alone or simultaneously with the seasonal influenza vaccine for the 2009–10 influenza season: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial - p. 148 146. Immunogenicity of a Monovalent 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Vaccine in Infants and Children: A Randomized Trial - p. 149 147. Severe 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Pregnant and Postpartum Women in California - p. 150 148. H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection during pregnancy in the USA - p. 151 149. Hospitalized Patients with 2009 H1N1 Influenza in the United States, April–June 2009 - p. 152 150. Surgical Mask vs N95 Respirator for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Workers: A Randomized Trial - p. 153 151. Practice of Feeding Premasticated Food to Infants: A Potential Risk Factor for HIV Transmission - p. 154 152. The Probiotic Content of Commercial Yogurts in West Virginia - p. 155 153. Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Infections Associated With Small Turtle Exposure, 2007–2008 - p. 156 154. Typhoid Fever in the United States, 1999-2006 - p. 157 155. Green Banana Reduces Clinical Severity of Childhood Shigellosis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial - p. 158 156. Treatment with Monoclonal Antibodies against Clostridium difficile Toxins - p. 159 157. A Comparison of Early Versus Late Conversion From Intravenous to Oral Therapy in the Treatment of Septic Arthritis - p. 160 158. The Diarylquinoline TMC207 for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis - p. 161 159. Genomewide Association Study of Leprosy - p. 163 160. Raxibacumab for the Treatment of Inhalational Anthrax - p. 164 161. DiGeorge Anomaly in the Absence of Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion - p. 165 162. Statewide Newborn Screening for Severe T-Cell Lymphopenia - p. 166 163. Combined Immunodeficiency Associated with DOCK8 Mutations - p. 167 164. Long-term Clinical Outcome of Patients with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Who Received Related Donor Bone Marrow Transplants without Pretransplant Chemotherapy or Post-transplant GVHD Prophylaxis - p. 168 165. 11. Miscellaneous - p. 169 166. Cost Implications of Reduced Work Hours and Workloads for Resident Physicians - p. 169 167. Rate of undesirable events at beginning of academic year: retrospective cohort study - p. 170 168. Decreasing PICU Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections: NACHRI's Quality Transformation Efforts - p. 171 169. Relationship of Primary Care Physicians' Patient Caseload With Measurement of Quality and Cost Performance - p. 172 170. Working Conditions in Primary Care: Physician Reactions and Care Quality - p. 173 171. Effects of Pay for Performance on the Quality of Primary Care in England - p. 174 172. Career Longevity in Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - p. 175 173. Acute Computer-Related Injuries Treated in U.S. Emergency Departments, 1994–2006 - p. 176 174. A Pediatric Acute Wound Service: a novel approach in wound management - p. 177 175. Injury patterns among obese children involved in motor vehicle collisions - p. 178 176. Physical Education Class Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments in the US in 1997–2007 - p. 179 177. Investigation of growth, development, and factors associated with injury in elite schoolboy footballers: prospective study - p. 180 178. Clinical and financial characteristics of pediatric surgery practices - p. 181 179. China’s excess males, sex selective abortion, and one child policy: analysis of data from 2005 national intercensus survey - p. 182 180. Safety of Frequent Venous Blood Sampling in a Pediatric Research Population - p. 183 181. Utility of Hepatic Transaminases to Recognize Abuse in Children - p. 184 182. Screening for Occult Abdominal Trauma in Children With Suspected Physical Abuse - p. 185 183. Brainstem Serotonergic Deficiency in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - p. 186 184. Concurrent Risks in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - p. 187 185. Post-mortem examination of human fetuses: a comparison of whole-body high-field MRI at 9·4 T with conventional MRI and invasive autopsy - p. 188 186. Funding of US Biomedical Research, 2003-2008 - p. 189 187. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's grant-making programme for global health - p. 190 188. Prevalence of Down Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in 10 Regions of the United States - p. 191 189. Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With That of Other Medical Settings for 3 Common Illnesses - p. 192 190. The Geographic Distribution, Ownership, Prices, and Scope of Practice at Retail Clinics - p. 193 191. 12. Musculoskeletal - p. 194 192. Teleconsultation Using Multimedia Messaging Service for Management Plan in Pediatric Orthopaedics: A Pilot Study - p. 194 193. Safety of Percutaneous Tendoachilles Tenotomy Performed Under General Anesthesia on Infants With Idiopathic Clubfoot - p. 195 194. The Effectiveness of Botulinum A Toxin as an Adjunct to the Treatment of Clubfeet by the Ponseti Method: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study - p. 196 195. Injectable Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum for Dupuytren’s Contracture - p. 197 196. Presentation, Evaluation, and Treatment of Clavicle Fractures in Preschool Children Presenting to an Emergency Department - p. 199 197. Evaluating the Injury Incidence From Skate Shoes in the United States - p. 200 198. Anterior Shoulder Forces in Professional and Little League Pitchers - p. 201 199. Association of Leg-Length Inequality With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Cohort Study - p. 202 200. Methotrexate Withdrawal at 6 vs 12 Months in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Remission: A Randomized Clinical Trial - p. 203 201. An Autoinflammatory Disease with Deficiency of the Interleukin-1–Receptor Antagonist - p. 204 202. Adolescent Offspring of Mothers With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - p. 205 203. 13. Neurology and Psychiatry - p. 206 204. The Child Neurology Workforce Study: Pediatrician Access and Satisfaction - p. 206 205. The Long-Term Effects of Breastfeeding on Child and Adolescent Mental Health: A Pregnancy Cohort Study Followed for 14 Years - p. 207 206. Hair-Grooming Syncope in Children - p. 208 207. Cognitive Function at 3 Years of Age after Fetal Exposure to Antiepileptic Drugs - p. 209 208. Ethosuximide, Valproic Acid, and Lamotrigine in Childhood Absence Epilepsy - p. 210 209. Long-term risk of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury in children and young adults: a population-based cohort study - p. 211 210. Identification of children at very low risk of clinically-important brain injuries after head trauma: a prospective cohort study - p. 212 211. Acute Subdural Hematoma: Potential Soccer Injury in an Otherwise Healthy Child - p. 213 212. Willful Modulation of Brain Activity in Disorders of Consciousness - p. 214 213. Incidental findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis - p. 215 214. Association of a Functional Polymorphism in the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Gene With Memory Decline and Incidence of Dementia - p. 216 215. Longitudinal Modeling of Age-Related Memory Decline and the APOE 4 Effect - p. 217 216. Disclosure of APOE Genotype for Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease - p. 218 217. Association between school absence and physical function in paediatric chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalopathy - p. 219 218. Memory and attention problems in children with chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalopathy - p. 220 219. Combined Corticosteroid and Antiviral Treatment for Bell Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis - p. 221 220. Delayed Diagnosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Data from the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network (MD STARnet) - p. 222 221. Effect of glatiramer acetate on conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (PreCISe study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial - p. 223 222. A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Cladribine for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis - p. 224 223. Multicenter Analysis of Glucocerebrosidase Mutations in Parkinson's Disease - p. 225 224. Clinical and Mutational Spectrum of Neurofibromatosis Type 1–like Syndrome - p. 226 225. Cardiometabolic Risk of Second-Generation Antipsychotic Medications During First-Time Use in Children and Adolescents - p. 227 226. Anticonvulsant Medications and the Risk of Suicide, Attempted Suicide, or Violent Death - p. 228 227. Prenatal, Perinatal, and Neonatal Factors Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorders - p. 229 228. 14. Newborn - p. 230 229. Progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth in twin pregnancy (STOPPIT): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study and meta-analysis - p. 230 230. Resuscitation at birth and cognition at 8 years of age: a cohort study - p. 231 231. One-Year Survival of Extremely Preterm Infants After Active Perinatal Care in Sweden - p. 232 232. Evaluation of Universal Antenatal Screening for Group B Streptococcus - p. 233 233. What Brings Newborns to the Emergency Department? A 1-Year Study - p. 234 234. Systematic Review of Screening for Bilirubin Encephalopathy in Neonates - p. 235 235. Impact of Universal Bilirubin Screening on Severe Hyperbilirubinemia and Phototherapy Use - p. 236 236. Does Ibuprofen Increase Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia? - p. 237 237. Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis - p. 238 238. 15. Nutrition and Metabolism - p. 239 239. Cold Storage of Human Milk: Effect on Its Bacterial Composition - p. 239 240. Snacking in Children: The Role of Urban Corner Stores - p. 240 241. Prevalence of Food and Beverage Brands in Movies: 1996–2005 - p. 241 242. Childhood Obesity, Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Premature Death - p. 242 243. Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, for lowering of LDL cholesterol concentrations in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial - p. 243 244. Screening of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Children: A Primary Care Concern - p. 244 245. Timing and Tempo of First-Year Rapid Growth in Relation to Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk Profile in Early Adulthood - p. 245 246. Metformin Extended Release Treatment of Adolescent Obesity: A 48-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial With 48-Week Follow-up - p. 246 247. Enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase alfa in patients with Fabry's disease: an analysis of registry data - p. 247 248. 16. Oncology - p. 248 249. Exposure to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation from Medical Imaging Procedures - p. 248 250. Tea drinking habits and oesophageal cancer in a high risk area in northern Iran: population based case-control study - p. 249 251. Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in Families With Lynch Syndrome - p. 250 252. A Network Model of a Cooperative Genetic Landscape in Brain Tumors - p. 251 253. No Evidence of a Trial Effect in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - p. 252 254. Risk Factors for Infection-Related Outcomes During Induction Therapy for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - p. 253 255. Late Effects in Long-Term Survivors After Treatment for Childhood Acute Leukemia - p. 254 256. Cardiac outcomes in a cohort of adult survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: retrospective analysis of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort - p. 255 257. Systematic Review: Surveillance for Breast Cancer in Women Treated With Chest Radiation for Childhood, Adolescent, or Young Adult Cancer - p. 256 258. The Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer, a Review - p. 257 259. Pregnancy Outcomes in Female Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Survivors: A Linked Cancer-Birth Registry Analysis - p. 258 260. 17. Ophthalmology - p. 259 261. Myopia and later physical activity in adolescence: a prospective study - p. 259 262. Efficacy and Safety of Azithromycin 1.5% Eye Drops for Purulent Bacterial Conjunctivitis in Pediatric Patients - p. 260 263. Epidemiology and Course of Disease in Childhood Uveitis - p. 261 264. Uveitis survey in children - p. 262 265. Age-dependent effects of RPE65 gene therapy for Leber's congenital amaurosis: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial - p. 263 266. 18. Respiratory Tract - p. 264 267. In Utero Smoke Exposure, Glutathione S-transferase P1 Haplotypes, and Respiratory Illness–Related Absence Among Schoolchildren - p. 264 268. Exposure to secondhand smoke and cognitive impairment in non-smokers: national cross sectional study with cotinine measurement - p. 265 269. Early Exposure to Movie Smoking Predicts Established Smoking by Older Teens and Young Adults - p. 266 270. The Association of Pipe and Cigar Use With Cotinine Levels, Lung Function, and Airflow Obstruction: A Cross-sectional Study - p. 267 271. Step-up Therapy for Children with Uncontrolled Asthma Receiving Inhaled Corticosteroids - p. 268 272. Epinephrine and Dexamethasone in Children with Bronchiolitis - p. 270 273. The effect of high dose inhaled corticosteroids on wheeze in infants after respiratory syncytial virus infection: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial - p. 271 274. Severe Respiratory Disease Concurrent with the Circulation of H1N1 Influenza - p. 272 275. Acid-Suppressive Medication Use and the Risk for Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia - p. 273 276. Use and Yield of Chest Computed Tomography in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Pediatric Lung Disease - p. 274 277. Impact of Chlorinated Swimming Pool Attendance on the Respiratory Health of Adolescents - p. 275 278. 19. Therapeutics and Toxicology - p. 276 279. Adverse drug reactions in childhood: a review of prospective studies and safety alerts - p. 276 280. Parental Misinterpretations of Over-the-Counter Pediatric Cough and Cold Medication Labels - p. 278 281. Cardiovascular Effects of Longer-Term, High-Dose OROS Methylphenidate in Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - p. 279 282. Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment of the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Trial - p. 280 283. Effect of prophylactic paracetamol administration at time of vaccination on febrile reactions and antibody responses in children: two open-label, randomised controlled trials - p. 281 284. Interventions to Reduce Pain during Vaccination in Infancy - p. 283 285. Order of Vaccine Injection and Infant Pain Response - p. 284 286. The Impact of Bittering Agents on Pediatric Ingestions of Antifreeze - p. 285 287. Higher Infant Blood Lead Levels with Longer Duration of Breastfeeding - p. 286 288. A Cluster of Children With Seizures Caused by Camphor Poisoning - p. 287 289. Brown Recluse Spider (Loxosceles reclusa) Envenomation Leading to Acute Hemolytic Anemia in Six Adolescents - p. 288 290. Antivenom for Critically Ill Children with Neurotoxicity from Scorpion Stings - p. 289 291. Glass Thermometer Injuries: It Is Not Just About the Mercury - p. 291