Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing 6th Australia and New Zealand edition

1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Disclaimer - p. ii 4. Table of Contents - p. iii 5. Copyright - p. iv 6. Navigate the text by colour - p. xiv 7. Text structure - p. xv 8. Preface - p. xvi 9. Acknowledgements - p. xix 10. Contributors - p. xx 11. List of Illustrations - p. xxv 12. List of Tables - p. xxvi 13. SECTION 1. Concepts in nursing practice - p. 1 14. 1.  The importance of nursing - p. 2 15. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 1) - p. e1 16. 2.  Patient safety and clinical reasoning: Thinking like a nurse - p. 21 17. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 2) - p. e2 18. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 2) - p. e3 19. 3.  Stress and stress management - p. 38 20. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 3) - p. e4 21. 4.  Health inequities and cultural care - p. 52 22. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 4) - p. e5 23. 5.  Working with indigenous peoples of Australia and New Zealand - p. 76 24. 6.  Pain management - p. 92 25. Contexts of pain management - p. 92 26. Definitions of pain - p. 93 27. Classification of pain - p. 99 28. Nociceptive pain - p. 99 29. Pain assessment - p. 101 30. Principles of pain management - p. 104 31. Managing pain in special populations - p. 120 32. Contemporary issues - p. 123 33. Review questions - p. 124 34. Resources - p. 125 35. References - p. 125 36. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 6) - p. e6 37. 7.  Palliative care - p. 127 38. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 7) - p. e8 39. 8.  Substance use and dependency - p. 148 40. Tobacco, alcohol and other drugs - p. 158 41. Vulnerable populations - p. 176 42. Review questions - p. 179 43. Resources - p. 180 44. References - p. 180 45. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 8) - p. e9 46. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 8) - p. e11 47. 9.  Rural and remote area nursing - p. 184 48. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 9) - p. e12 49. 10.  Autism and intellectual disability - p. 199 50. SECTION 2. Pathophysiological mechanisms of disease - p. 215 51. 11. Nursing management: Inflammation and wound healing - p. 216 52. 12.  Genetics and genomics - p. 239 53. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 12) - p. e14 54. 13.  Altered immune responses and transplantation - p. 253 55. 14. Nursing management: Infectious diseases and healthcare-associated infections - p. 279 56. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 14) - p. e15 57. 15.  Cancer - p. 308 58. Interprofessional care - p. 318 59. Complications resulting from cancer - p. 337 60. Coping with cancer and treatment - p. 341 61. Review questions - p. 342 62. Resources - p. 343 63. References - p. 343 64. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 15) - p. e16 65. 16. Nursing management: Fluid, electrolyte and acid–base imbalances - p. 345 66. Homeostasis - p. 345 67. Water content of the body - p. 345 68. Electrolytes - p. 346 69. Mechanisms controlling fluid and electrolyte movement - p. 347 70. Fluid movement in capillaries - p. 348 71. Fluid spacing - p. 349 72. Regulation of water balance - p. 350 73. Fluid volume imbalances - p. 351 74. Sodium imbalances - p. 354 75. Potassium imbalances - p. 356 76. Calcium imbalances - p. 359 77. Phosphate imbalances - p. 361 78. Magnesium imbalances - p. 362 79. Acid–base imbalances - p. 362 80. Assessment of fluid, electrolyte and acid–base imbalances - p. 367 81. Oral fluid and electrolyte replacement - p. 369 82. IV fluid and electrolyte replacement - p. 369 83. Central venous access devices - p. 371 84. Review questions - p. 375 85. Resources - p. 376 86. References - p. 376 87. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 16) - p. e18 88. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 16) - p. e19 89. SECTION 3. Perioperative care - p. 379 90. 17. Nursing management: Preoperative care - p. 380 91. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 17) - p. e20 92. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 17) - p. e23 93. 18. Nursing management: Intraoperative care - p. 398 94. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 18) - p. e24 95. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 18) - p. e25 96. 19. Nursing management: Postoperative care - p. 416 97. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 19) - p. e27 98. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 19) - p. e29 99. SECTION 4. Problems related to altered sensory input - p. 443 100. 20. Nursing assessment: Visual and auditory systems - p. 444 101. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 20) - p. e30 102. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 20) - p. e31 103. 21. Nursing management: Visual and auditory problems - p. 464 104. Visual problems - p. 464 105. Extraocular disorders - p. 468 106. Intraocular disorders - p. 471 107. Auditory problems: External ear and canal - p. 481 108. Middle ear and mastoid problems - p. 482 109. Inner ear problems - p. 484 110. Review questions - p. 491 111. Resources - p. 492 112. References - p. 492 113. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 21) - p. e32 114. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 21) - p. e33 115. 22. Nursing assessment: Integumentary system - p. 495 116. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 22) - p. e35 117. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 22) - p. e36 118. 23. Nursing management: Integumentary problems - p. 510 119. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 23) - p. e37 120. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 23) - p. e38 121. 24. Nursing management: Burns - p. 537 122. Phases of burn management - p. 544 123. Review questions - p. 563 124. Resources - p. 563 125. References - p. 563 126. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 24) - p. e39 127. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 24) - p. e41 128. SECTION 5. Problems of oxygenation: Ventilation - p. 567 129. 25. Nursing assessment: Respiratory system - p. 568 130. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 25) - p. e42 131. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 25) - p. e43 132. 26. Nursing management: Upper respiratory problems - p. 594 133. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 26) - p. e44 134. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 26) - p. e45 135. 27. Nursing management: Lower respiratory problems - p. 617 136. Lower respiratory tract infections - p. 617 137. Lung cancer - p. 633 138. Chest trauma and thoracic injuries - p. 639 139. Pneumothorax - p. 639 140. Fractured ribs - p. 641 141. Flail chest - p. 641 142. Chest tubes and pleural drainage - p. 642 143. Chest surgery - p. 645 144. Restrictive respiratory disorders - p. 647 145. Interstitial lung diseases - p. 649 146. Vascular lung disorders - p. 649 147. Pulmonary hypertension - p. 652 148. Lung transplantation - p. 654 149. References - p. 658 150. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 27) - p. e46 151. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 27) - p. e48 152. 28. Nursing management: Obstructive pulmonary diseases - p. 659 153. Asthma - p. 659 154. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - p. 679 155. Cystic fibrosis - p. 701 156. Bronchiectasis - p. 705 157. Resources - p. 708 158. References - p. 708 159. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 28) - p. e49 160. SECTION 6. Problems of oxygenation: Transport - p. 711 161. 29. Nursing assessment: Haematological system - p. 712 162. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 29) - p. e51 163. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 29) - p. e53 164. 30. Nursing management: Haematological problems - p. 734 165. Anaemia - p. 734 166. Anaemia caused by decreased erythrocyte production - p. 737 167. Anaemia caused by blood loss - p. 744 168. Anaemia caused by increased erythrocyte destruction - p. 745 169. Other red blood cell disorders - p. 750 170. Problems of haemostasis - p. 752 171. Thrombocytopenia - p. 752 172. Haemophilia and von willebrand disease - p. 757 173. Disseminated intravascular coagulation - p. 760 174. Neutropenia - p. 763 175. Myelodysplastic syndrome - p. 767 176. Leukaemia - p. 767 177. Lymphomas - p. 773 178. Blood component therapy - p. 780 179. Resources - p. 788 180. References - p. 788 181. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 30) - p. e54 182. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 30) - p. e56 183. SECTION 7. Problems of oxygenation: Perfusion - p. 791 184. 31. Nursing assessment: Cardiovascular system - p. 792 185. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 31) - p. e57 186. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 31) - p. e58 187. 32. Nursing management: Hypertension - p. 819 188. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 32) - p. e59 189. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 32) - p. e60 190. 33. Nursing management: Coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome - p. 842 191. Coronary artery disease - p. 842 192. Angina - p. 854 193. Acute coronary syndrome - p. 861 194. Sudden cardiac death - p. 875 195. Review questions - p. 876 196. Resources - p. 877 197. References - p. 877 198. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 33) - p. e61 199. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 33) - p. e63 200. 34. Nursing management: Heart failure - p. 879 201. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 34) - p. e64 202. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 34) - p. e66 203. 35. Nursing management: ECG monitoring and arrhythmias - p. 901 204. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 35) - p. e67 205. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 35) - p. e68 206. 36. Nursing management: Inflammatory and structural heart disorders - p. 924 207. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 36) - p. e69 208. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 36) - p. e70 209. 37. Nursing management: Vascular disorders - p. 948 210. Peripheral artery disease - p. 948 211. Aortic aneurysms - p. 956 212. Venous disorders - p. 962 213. Review questions - p. 975 214. Resources - p. 975 215. References - p. 975 216. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 37) - p. e71 217. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 37) - p. e73 218. SECTION 8. Problems of ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination - p. 979 219. 38. Nursing assessment: Gastrointestinal system - p. 980 220. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 38) - p. e75 221. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 38) - p. e76 222. 39. Nursing management: Nutritional problems - p. 1005 223. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 39) - p. e77 224. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 39) - p. e79 225. 40. Nursing management: Obesity - p. 1026 226. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 40) - p. e80 227. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 40) - p. e81 228. 41. Nursing management: Upper gastrointestinal problems - p. 1054 229. Nausea and vomiting - p. 1054 230. Oral inflammation and infections - p. 1057 231. Oral cancer - p. 1057 232. Oesophageal disorders - p. 1060 233. Disorders of the stomach and upper small intestine - p. 1069 234. Gastritis - p. 1070 235. Peptic ulcer disease - p. 1071 236. Stomach cancer - p. 1078 237. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding - p. 1083 238. Food-borne illness - p. 1087 239. Review questions - p. 1088 240. Resources - p. 1089 241. References - p. 1089 242. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 41) - p. e82 243. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 41) - p. e83 244. 42. Nursing management: Lower gastrointestinal problems - p. 1091 245. Chronic abdominal pain - p. 1101 246. Inflammatory disorders - p. 1103 247. Malabsorption syndrome - p. 1127 248. Anorectal problems - p. 1130 249. Review questions - p. 1134 250. Resources - p. 1134 251. References - p. 1134 252. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 42) - p. e84 253. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 42) - p. e85 254. 43. Nursing management: Liver, pancreas and biliary tract problems - p. 1137 255. Disorders of the liver - p. 1137 256. Disorders of the pancreas - p. 1162 257. Acute pancreatitis - p. 1162 258. Chronic pancreatitis - p. 1166 259. Pancreatic cancer - p. 1167 260. Disorders of the biliary tract - p. 1168 261. References - p. 1175 262. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 43) - p. e86 263. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 43) - p. e88 264. SECTION 9. Problems of urinary function - p. 1177 265. 44. Nursing management: Urinary system - p. 1178 266. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 44) - p. e89 267. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 44) - p. e90 268. 45. Nursing management: Renal and urological problems - p. 1199 269. Infectious and inflammatory disorders of the urinary system - p. 1199 270. Immunological disorders of the kidney - p. 1208 271. Obstructive uropathies - p. 1211 272. Renal trauma - p. 1217 273. Renal vascular problems - p. 1217 274. Hereditary kidney diseases - p. 1218 275. Urinary tract tumours - p. 1219 276. Bladder dysfunction - p. 1222 277. Catheterisation - p. 1227 278. Surgery of the urinary tract - p. 1230 279. Review questions - p. 1234 280. Resources - p. 1235 281. References - p. 1235 282. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 45) - p. e91 283. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 45) - p. e92 284. 46. Nursing management: Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease - p. 1236 285. Dialysis - p. 1254 286. Kidney transplantation - p. 1262 287. Review questions - p. 1268 288. Resources - p. 1269 289. References - p. 1270 290. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 46) - p. e93 291. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 46) - p. e95 292. SECTION 10. Problems related to regulatory and reproductive mechanisms - p. 1271 293. 47. Nursing assessment: Endocrine system - p. 1272 294. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 47) - p. e96 295. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 47) - p. e98 296. 48. Nursing management: Diabetes mellitus - p. 1294 297. Diabetes mellitus - p. 1294 298. Culturally competent care: Diabetes mellitus - p. 1314 299. Acute complications of diabetes mellitus - p. 1319 300. Diabetic ketoacidosis - p. 1320 301. Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic syndrome - p. 1323 302. Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus - p. 1325 303. Review questions - p. 1331 304. Resources - p. 1332 305. References - p. 1332 306. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 48) - p. e100 307. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 48) - p. e102 308. 49. Nursing management: Endocrine problems - p. 1335 309. Disorders of the anterior pituitary gland - p. 1336 310. Disorders of the posterior pituitary gland - p. 1339 311. Disorders of the thyroid gland - p. 1342 312. Disorders of the parathyroid glands - p. 1352 313. Disorders of the adrenal cortex - p. 1355 314. Review questions - p. 1364 315. Resources - p. 1364 316. References - p. 1364 317. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 49) - p. e103 318. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 49) - p. e105 319. 50. Nursing assessment: Reproductive system - p. 1367 320. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 50) - p. e106 321. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 50) - p. e107 322. 51. Nursing management: Breast disorders - p. 1391 323. Benign breast disorders - p. 1393 324. Breast cancer - p. 1395 325. Review questions - p. 1419 326. Resources - p. 1420 327. References - p. 1421 328. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 51) - p. e108 329. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 51) - p. e109 330. 52. Nursing management: Sexually transmitted infections - p. 1422 331. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 52) - p. e110 332. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 52) - p. e111 333. 53. Nursing management: Female reproductive problems - p. 1442 334. Problems related to menstruation - p. 1444 335. Infections of the lower genital tract - p. 1451 336. Chronic pelvic pain - p. 1455 337. Benign tumours of the female reproductive system - p. 1457 338. Cancers of the female reproductive system - p. 1459 339. Pelvic organ prolapse - p. 1466 340. Sexual assault - p. 1469 341. Review questions - p. 1471 342. Resources - p. 1472 343. References - p. 1472 344. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 53) - p. e112 345. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 53) - p. e113 346. 54. Nursing management: Male reproductive problems - p. 1474 347. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 54) - p. e114 348. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 54) - p. e116 349. SECTION 11. Problems related to movement and coordination - p. 1501 350. 55. Nursing assessment: Nervous system - p. 1502 351. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 55) - p. e117 352. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 55) - p. e118 353. 56. Nursing management: Acute intracranial problems - p. 1533 354. Inflammatory conditions of the brain - p. 1559 355. Review questions - p. 1563 356. Resources - p. 1564 357. References - p. 1564 358. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 56) - p. e119 359. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 56) - p. e120 360. 57. Nursing management: The patient with a stroke - p. 1566 361. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 57) - p. e121 362. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 57) - p. e123 363. 58. Nursing management: Chronic neurological problems - p. 1591 364. Headaches - p. 1591 365. Chronic neurological disorders - p. 1597 366. Degenerative neurological disorders - p. 1607 367. Review questions - p. 1623 368. Resources - p. 1624 369. References - p. 1625 370. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 58) - p. e124 371. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 58) - p. e126 372. 59. Nursing management: Cognitive impairment - p. 1626 373. Aggression - p. 1626 374. Delirium - p. 1628 375. Depression - p. 1634 376. Dementia - p. 1635 377. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) - p. 1638 378. Other neurodegenerative diseases - p. 1642 379. People with intellectual disabilities - p. 1643 380. Care at home - p. 1647 381. Advance care planning - p. 1649 382. Palliative care - p. 1649 383. Review questions - p. 1650 384. Resources - p. 1650 385. References - p. 1650 386. Further reading - p. 1652 387. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 59) - p. e127 388. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 59) - p. e129 389. 60. Nursing management: Peripheral nerve and spinal cord problems - p. 1653 390. Cranial nerve disorders - p. 1653 391. Polyneuropathies - p. 1656 392. Spinal cord problems - p. 1658 393. Spinal cord injury - p. 1658 394. Spinal cord tumours - p. 1679 395. Poliomyelitis and post-polio syndrome - p. 1680 396. Review questions - p. 1682 397. Resources - p. 1683 398. References - p. 1683 399. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 60) - p. e131 400. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 60) - p. e133 401. 61. Nursing assessment: Musculoskeletal system - p. 1685 402. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 61) - p. e134 403. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 61) - p. e135 404. 62. Nursing management: Musculoskeletal trauma and orthopaedic surgery - p. 1708 405. Soft-tissue injuries - p. 1709 406. Fractures - p. 1715 407. Complications of fractures - p. 1727 408. Types of fracture - p. 1730 409. Common joint surgical procedures - p. 1741 410. Review questions - p. 1745 411. Resources - p. 1746 412. References - p. 1746 413. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 62) - p. e136 414. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 62) - p. e137 415. 63. Nursing management: Musculoskeletal problems - p. 1748 416. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 63) - p. e138 417. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 63) - p. e139 418. 64. Nursing management: Arthritis and connective tissue diseases - p. 1773 419. Spondyloarthropathies - p. 1793 420. Review questions - p. 1809 421. Resources - p. 1810 422. References - p. 1810 423. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 64) - p. e140 424. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 64) - p. e142 425. SECTION 12. Nursing care in specialised settings - p. 1813 426. 65. Nursing management: Critical care environment - p. 1814 427. Critical care nursing - p. 1814 428. Culturally competent care: Critical care patients - p. 1819 429. Haemodynamic monitoring - p. 1819 430. Circulatory assist devices - p. 1827 431. Artificial airways - p. 1831 432. Mechanical ventilation - p. 1836 433. Other critical care content - p. 1846 434. Review questions - p. 1846 435. Resources - p. 1848 436. References - p. 1848 437. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 65) - p. e143 438. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 65) - p. e145 439. 66. Nursing management: Shock, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome - p. 1849 440. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 66) - p. e146 441. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 66) - p. e147 442. 67. Nursing management: Respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome - p. 1873 443. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 67) - p. e148 444. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 67) - p. e149 445. 68. Nursing management: Emergency care situations - p. 1893 446. Environmental emergencies - p. 1902 447. Poisonings/toxicology - p. 1913 448. Major incident and disaster preparedness - p. 1916 449. Review questions - p. 1920 450. Resources - p. 1920 451. References - p. 1920 452. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 68) - p. e150 453. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 68) - p. e152 454. 69.  Chronic illness and complex care - p. 1924 455. Answer guidelines for clinical case study (Chapter 69) - p. e153 456. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 69) - p. e154 457. 70.  Recognising and responding to the deteriorating patient - p. 1940 458. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 70) - p. e155 459. 71. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Basic and advanced life support - p. 1960 460. Defibrillation - p. 1978 461. Assessment and management of the unconscious patient - p. 1980 462. Advanced life support - p. 1980 463. Post-resuscitation care - p. 1990 464. Unsuccessful resuscitation - p. 1990 465. Future directions: New technology - p. 1991 466. Review questions - p. 1992 467. References - p. 1992 468. Answer and rationales for review questions (Chapter 71) - p. e156 469. Index - p. 1995