Encyclopedic, definitive, and state-of-the-art in the field of vascular disease and its medical, surgical, and interventional management, Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy offers authoritative guidance from the most respected and innovative global thought leaders and clinical and basic science experts of our time. The thoroughly revised 10th Edition, published in association with the Society for Vascular Surgery and authored by multidisciplinary and international contributors, is an outstanding reference for vascular surgeons, vascular medicine specialists, interventional radiologists and cardiologists, and their trainees who depend upon Rutherford’s in their practice. Under the expert editorial guidance of Drs. Anton N. Sidawy and Bruce A. Perler, it is quite simply the most complete and most reliable resource available on the art and science of circulatory diseases.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Associate Editors - p. v 6. Dedication - p. vi 7. Contributors - p. vii 8. Preface - p. xxix 9. Common Abbreviations - p. xliii 10. Videos - p. xlvi 11. Volume 1 - p. xlvi 12. Section 1. Basic Science - p. xlvi 13. Chapter 1. Epidemiology and Research Methodology - p. 1 14. Chapter 2. Embryology and Developmental Anatomy - p. 13 15. Chapter 3. Vessel Wall Biology - p. 29 16. Chapter 4. Atherosclerosis - p. 41 17. Chapter 5. Intimal Hyperplasia - p. 51 18. Chapter 6. Ischemia-Reperfusion - p. 62 19. Chapter 7. Arteriogenesis and Angiogenesis - p. 72 20. Chapter 8. Arterial Hemodynamics - p. 88 21. Chapter 9. Venous Pathophysiology - p. 100 22. Chapter 10. Lymphatic Pathophysiology - p. 108 23. Section 2. Atherosclerotic Risk Factors - p. 126.e5 24. Chapter 11. Smoking - p. 127 25. Chapter 12. Diabetes - p. 132 26. Chapter 13. Hyperlipidemia - p. 143 27. Chapter 14. Hypertension - p. 161 28. Chapter 15. Familial Arteriosclerosis - p. 177 29. Chapter 16. Less Commonly Considered Causes of Atherosclerosis - p. 188 30. Chapter 17. International and Ethnic Trends in Vascular Disease - p. 195 31. Section 3. Clinical and Vascular Laboratory Evaluation - p. 205.e2 32. Chapter 18. Noninvasive Vascular Laboratory Quality Assurance and Accreditation - p. 206 33. Chapter 19. Clinical Evaluation of the Arterial System - p. 213 34. Chapter 20. Clinical Evaluation of the Venous and Lymphatic Systems - p. 223 35. Chapter 21. Vascular Laboratory: Arterial Physiologic Assessment - p. 238 36. Chapter 22. Vascular Laboratory: Arterial Duplex Scanning - p. 253 37. Chapter 23. Techniques to Assess Tissue Perfusion in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease - p. 265 38. Chapter 24. Vascular Laboratory: Venous Physiologic Assessment - p. 279 39. Chapter 25. Vascular Laboratory: Venous Duplex Scanning - p. 286 40. Section 4. Vascular Imaging - p. 306.e3 41. Chapter 26. Radiation Safety - p. 307 42. Chapter 27. Arteriography - p. 317 43. Chapter 28. Venography - p. 337 44. Chapter 29. Computed Tomography - p. 352 45. Chapter 30. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arteriography - p. 366 46. Chapter 31. Vascular PET/CT and SPECT/CT - p. 392 47. Chapter 32. Intravascular Ultrasound - p. 405 48. Chapter 33. The Future of Imaging for Endovascular and Open Surgery - p. 418 49. Section 5. Perioperative Care - p. 431.e2 50. Chapter 34. Preoperative Evaluation and Management - p. 432 51. Chapter 35. Intraoperative Management - p. 443 52. Chapter 36. Postoperative Management - p. 456 53. Chapter 37. Hospital Readmissions in Vascular Surgery - p. 469 54. Section 6. Bleeding and Clotting - p. 476.e2 55. Chapter 38. Normal Coagulation - p. 477 56. Chapter 39. Disorders of Coagulation: Hemorrhage - p. 494 57. Chapter 40. Disorders of Coagulation: Hypercoagulable States - p. 514 58. Chapter 41. Anticoagulant Therapy - p. 526 59. Chapter 42. Antiplatelet Agents - p. 539 60. Chapter 43. Thrombolytic Agents - p. 550 61. Section 7. Complications - p. 563.e4 62. Chapter 44. Systemic Complications: Cardiac - p. 564 63. Chapter 45. Systemic Complications: Respiratory - p. 577 64. Chapter 46. Systemic Complications: Renal - p. 587 65. Chapter 47. Systemic Complications: Neurologic - p. 602 66. Chapter 48. Graft Thrombosis - p. 614 67. Chapter 49. Graft Infection - p. 625 68. Chapter 50. Anastomotic Aneurysms - p. 640 69. Chapter 51. Local Complications: Aortoenteric Fistula - p. 653 70. Chapter 52. Local Endovascular Complications and their Management - p. 663 71. Chapter 53. Venous Complications - p. 677 72. Chapter 54. Local Complications: Lymphatic - p. 685 73. Section 8. Technique - p. 693.e2 74. Chapter 55. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Vascular Exposure - p. 694 75. Chapter 56. Abdominal Vascular Exposures - p. 704 76. Chapter 57. Cerebrovascular Exposure - p. 721 77. Chapter 58. Lower Extremity Arterial Exposure - p. 734 78. Chapter 59. Upper Extremity Vascular Exposure - p. 751 79. Chapter 60. Spinal Operative Exposure - p. 762 80. Chapter 61. Open Surgical Technique - p. 771 81. Chapter 62. Endovascular Diagnostic Technique - p. 790 82. Chapter 63. Endovascular Therapeutic Technique - p. 803 83. Chapter 64. Laparoscopic and Robotic Aortic Surgery - p. 826 84. Section 9. Grafts and Devices - p. 837.e2 85. Chapter 65. Autogenous Grafts (Including Vein Harvest, Surgical and Endoscopic) - p. 838 86. Chapter 66. Prosthetic Grafts - p. 849 87. Chapter 67. Biologic Grafts - p. 863 88. Chapter 68. Bioengineered Vascular Grafts - p. 874 89. Chapter 69. Nonaortic Stents and Stent Grafts - p. 886 90. Chapter 70. Novel and Evolving Aortic Endovascular Devices - p. 897 91. Section 10. Abdominal Aortic and Iliac Aneurysms - p. 904.e2 92. Chapter 71. Arterial Aneurysms: Etiology, Epidemiology, and Natural History - p. 905 93. Chapter 72. Aortoiliac Aneurysms: Evaluation, Decision Making, and Medical Management - p. 914 94. Chapter 73. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Open Surgical Treatment - p. 925 95. Chapter 74. Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Techniques - p. 948 96. Chapter 75. Aortoiliac Aneurysms: Endovascular Treatment - p. 960 97. Chapter 76. Ruptured Aortoiliac Aneurysms and their Management - p. 976 98. Chapter 77. Isolated Iliac Artery Aneurysms and their Management - p. 995 99. Section 11. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections - p. 1009.e3 100. Chapter 78. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Etiology, Epidemiology, Natural History, Medical Management, and Decision Making - p. 1010 101. Chapter 79. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms: Open Surgical Treatment - p. 1027 102. Chapter 80. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: Endovascular Treatment - p. 1049 103. Chapter 81. Aortic Stent Graft and Endovascular Treatment of Thoracoabdominal and Aortic Arch Aneurysms: Strategies for Operative Repair - p. 1068 104. Chapter 82. Fenestrated and Branched Endograft Treatment of Juxtarenal, Paravisceral, Thoracoabdominal, and Aortic Arch Aneurysms: Device Selection and Technical Considerations - p. 1081 105. Chapter 83. Aortic Dissection: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Medical and Surgical Management - p. 1098 106. Chapter 84. Penetrating Aortic Ulcers - p. 1112 107. Section 12. Peripheral and Splanchnic Aneurysms - p. 1118.e2 108. Chapter 85. Lower Extremity Aneurysms - p. 1119 109. Chapter 86. Upper Extremity Aneurysms - p. 1136 110. Chapter 87. Visceral Artery Aneurysms - p. 1150 111. Section 13. Cerebrovascular Diseases - p. 1162.e4 112. Chapter 88. Cerebrovascular Disease: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 1163 113. Chapter 89. Cerebrovascular Disease: The Unstable Carotid Plaque - p. 1179 114. Chapter 90. Carotid Artery Disease and Cognitive Functional Decline - p. 1186 115. Chapter 91. Cerebrovascular Disease: Diagnostic Evaluation - p. 1193 116. Chapter 92. Cerebrovascular Disease: Decision Making Including Optimal Medical Therapy - p. 1203 117. Chapter 93. Carotid Endarterectomy - p. 1220 118. Chapter 94. Carotid Artery Stenting - p. 1241 119. Chapter 95. Endovascular Management of Large Vessel Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke - p. 1258 120. Chapter 96. Cerebrovascular Disease: Carotid Artery Dissection - p. 1269 121. Chapter 97. Carotid Artery Aneurysms - p. 1277 122. Chapter 98. Carotid Body Tumors - p. 1291 123. Chapter 99. Unusual Carotid Artery Conditions - p. 1301 124. Chapter 100. Vertebral Artery Dissection and Other Conditions - p. 1311 125. Chapter 101. Brachiocephalic Artery Disease: Surgical Treatment - p. 1325 126. Chapter 102. Brachiocephalic Artery Disease: Endovascular Management - p. 1340 127. Volume 2 - p. 1352.e3 128. Section 14. Acute Limb Ischemia - p. 1352.e3 129. Chapter 103. Acute Limb Ischemia: Evaluation, Decision Making, and Medical Treatment - p. 1353 130. Chapter 104. Acute Limb Ischemia: Surgical and Endovascular Treatment - p. 1364 131. Chapter 105. Compartment Syndrome and its Management - p. 1387 132. Chapter 106. Atheromatous Embolization and its Management - p. 1398 133. Section 15. Lower Extremity Chronic Arterial Disease - p. 1411.e4 134. Chapter 107. Lower Extremity Arterial Occlusive Disease: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 1412 135. Chapter 108. Lower Extremity Arterial Disease: Decision Making and Medical Treatment - p. 1422 136. Chapter 109. Aortoiliac Disease: Direct Reconstruction - p. 1434 137. Chapter 110. Aortoiliac Disease: Open Extra-Anatomic Bypass - p. 1452 138. Chapter 111. Aortoiliac Disease: Endovascular Treatment - p. 1460 139. Chapter 112. Infrainguinal Disease: Surgical Treatment - p. 1476 140. Chapter 113. Infrainguinal Disease: Endovascular Therapy - p. 1502 141. Chapter 114. Lower Extremity Amputations: Epidemiology, Procedure Selection, and Rehabilitation Outcomes - p. 1515 142. Chapter 115. Lower Extremity Amputations: Operative Techniques and Results - p. 1529 143. Section 16. The Diabetic Foot and its Management - p. 1547.e3 144. Chapter 116. General Considerations of Diabetic Foot Ulcers - p. 1548 145. Chapter 117. Diabetic Foot Abnormalities and their Management - p. 1561 146. Chapter 118. Wound Care - p. 1569 147. Chapter 119. Podiatric and Vascular Teams - p. 1586 148. Section 17. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease - p. 1592.e1 149. Chapter 120. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Diagnostic Evaluation - p. 1593 150. Chapter 121. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Medical, Endovascular, and Open Surgical Management - p. 1601 151. Chapter 122. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Amputation - p. 1611 152. Section 18. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome - p. 1625.e2 153. Chapter 123. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Diagnostic Evaluation - p. 1626 154. Chapter 124. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Neurogenic - p. 1638 155. Chapter 125. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Arterial - p. 1655 156. Chapter 126. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Venous - p. 1665 157. Section 19. Renovascular Disease - p. 1677.e2 158. Chapter 127. Renovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, and Medical Management - p. 1678 159. Chapter 128. Renovascular Disease: Open Surgical Treatment - p. 1691 160. Chapter 129. Renovascular Disease: Endovascular Treatment - p. 1703 161. Chapter 130. Renovascular Disease: Acute Occlusive and Ischemic Events - p. 1714 162. Chapter 131. Renovascular Disease: Aneurysms and Arteriovenous Fistulae - p. 1725 163. Chapter 132. Renovascular and Aortic Developmental Disorders - p. 1735 164. Section 20. Mesenteric Vascular Disease - p. 1745.e2 165. Chapter 133. Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Management - p. 1746 166. Chapter 134. Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Management - p. 1760 167. Chapter 135. Mesenteric Arterial Dissection - p. 1779 168. Chapter 136. Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management - p. 1788 169. Chapter 137. Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis - p. 1799 170. Section 21. Nonatherosclerotic Arterial Diseases - p. 1808.e2 171. Chapter 138. Vasculitis and Other Uncommon Arteriopathies - p. 1809 172. Chapter 139. Thromboangiitis Obliterans - p. 1823 173. Chapter 140. Takayasu Arteritis - p. 1843 174. Chapter 141. Aneurysms Caused by Connective Tissue Abnormalities - p. 1858 175. Chapter 142. Raynaud Phenomenon - p. 1877 176. Chapter 143. Fibromuscular Dysplasia - p. 1890 177. Chapter 144. Nonatheromatous Popliteal Artery Disease - p. 1911 178. Chapter 145. Infected Arterial Aneurysms - p. 1926 179. Section 22. Acute Venous Thromboembolic Disease - p. 1937.e4 180. Chapter 146. Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 1938 181. Chapter 147. Venous Thromboembolic Disease: Mechanical and Pharmacologic Prophylaxis - p. 1948 182. Chapter 148. Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Medical Treatment - p. 1955 183. Chapter 149. Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis: Surgical and Interventional Treatment - p. 1970 184. Chapter 150. Acute Upper Extremity and Catheter-Related Venous Thrombosis - p. 1985 185. Chapter 151. Superficial Thrombophlebitis and its Management - p. 1989 186. Chapter 152. Pulmonary Embolism: Presentation, Natural History, and Treatment - p. 1997 187. Chapter 153. Vena Cava Interruption - p. 2013 188. Section 23. Chronic Venous Disorders - p. 2030.e4 189. Chapter 154. Varicose Veins: Surgical Treatment - p. 2031 190. Chapter 155. Varicose Veins: Endovenous Ablation and Sclerotherapy - p. 2049 191. Chapter 156. Postthrombotic Syndrome: Natural History, Pathophysiology, and Etiology - p. 2063 192. Chapter 157. Treatment of Chronic Venous Disorders - p. 2070 193. Chapter 158. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Treatment of Perforator Vein Incompetence - p. 2085 194. Chapter 159. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Deep Vein Valve Reconstruction - p. 2098 195. Chapter 160. Iliocaval Venous Obstruction: Surgical Treatment - p. 2112 196. Chapter 161. Iliocaval Venous Obstruction: Endovascular Treatment - p. 2132 197. Section 24. Miscellaneous Venous Conditions - p. 2147.e1 198. Chapter 162. Superior Vena Cava Occlusion and Management - p. 2148 199. Chapter 163. Congenital Occlusion/Absence of Inferior Vena Cava - p. 2163 200. Chapter 164. Portal Hypertension - p. 2171 201. CHAPTER 165. Nutcracker Syndrome - p. 2183 202. CHAPTER 166. Venous Aneurysms and their Management - p. 2195 203. Section 25. Lymphedema - p. 2201.e1 204. Chapter 167. Lymphedema: Evaluation and Decision Making - p. 2202 205. Chapter 168. Lymphedema: Nonoperative Treatment - p. 2215 206. Chapter 169. Lymphedema: Surgical Treatment - p. 2230 207. Section 26. Vascular Malformations - p. 2244.e3 208. Chapter 170. Congenital Vascular Malformations: General Considerations - p. 2245 209. Chapter 171. Congenital Vascular Malformations: Surgical Management - p. 2267 210. Chapter 172. Congenital Vascular Malformations: Endovascular Management - p. 2276 211. Chapter 173. Acquired Arteriovenous Fistulas - p. 2291 212. Section 27. Hemodialysis Access - p. 2308.e5 213. Chapter 174. Hemodialysis Access: General Considerations and Strategies to Optimize Access Placement - p. 2309 214. Chapter 175. Hemodialysis Access: Complex - p. 2323 215. CHAPTER 176. Hemodialysis Access: Dialysis Catheters - p. 2337 216. Chapter 177. Hemodialysis Access: Failing and Thrombosed - p. 2347 217. Chapter 178. Hemodialysis Access: Nonthrombotic Complications - p. 2358 218. Section 28. Vascular Trauma - p. 2369.e7 219. Chapter 179. Vascular Trauma: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 2370 220. Chapter 180. Vascular Trauma: Head and Neck - p. 2383 221. Chapter 181. Thoracic Vascular Trauma - p. 2397 222. Chapter 182. Vascular Trauma: Abdominal - p. 2411 223. Chapter 183. Vascular Trauma: Extremity - p. 2430 224. Chapter 184. Conditions Arising from Repetitive Trauma and Occupational Vascular Problems - p. 2444 225. Section 29. Special Issues in Pediatric Vascular Surgery - p. 2452.e2 226. Chapter 185. Special Techniques in Pediatric Vascular Surgery - p. 2453 227. Chapter 186. Aortic and Arterial Aneurysms in the Pediatric Population - p. 2461 228. Chapter 187. Pediatric Vascular Tumors - p. 2471 229. Chapter 188. Vascular Trauma in the Pediatric Population - p. 2483 230. Chapter 189. Placement of Arteriovenous Dialysis Access and Central Catheters in the Pediatric Patient - p. 2494 231. Chapter 190. Acute Pediatric Arterial Occlusion - p. 2501 232. Section 30. Miscellaneous Conditions - p. 2509.e1 233. Chapter 191. Erectile Dysfunction - p. 2510 234. Chapter 192. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome - p. 2522 235. Chapter 193. Current Role of Sympathectomy (Upper and Lower) - p. 2533 236. Chapter 194. Abdominal Vascular Tumors and their Management - p. 2545 237. Chapter 195. Vascular Reconstruction in Oncologic Surgery - p. 2560 238. Chapter 196. Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome - p. 2573 239. Section 31. Business of Vascular Surgery - p. 2577.e1 240. CHAPTER 197. Development of a Multispecialty Practice and Operation of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers - p. 2578 241. CHAPTER 198. Development and Successful Operation of an Outpatient Vascular Center - p. 2587 242. Chapter 199. Development and Operation of Outpatient Dialysis Access Centers - p. 2598 243. Chapter 200. Alternative Payment Models in Vascular Surgery - p. 2604 244. Chapter 201. Improving Quality and the Value of a Vascular Registry to the Practice - p. 2607 245. Chapter 202. Health and Wellness for the Vascular Surgeon - p. 2620 246. Section 32. The Use of Technology Platforms and Social Media in Vascular Surgery - p. 2626.e3 247. Chapter 203. Online Branding and Marketing a Vascular Surgery Practice - p. 2627 248. Chapter 204. Telemedicine in Vascular Surgery Practice - p. 2634 249. Chapter 205. Internet-Based Surveillance of Vascular Disease and Reconstructions - p. 2641 250. Chapter 206. Social Media in Vascular Surgery - p. 2646 251. Chapter 207. The Quality and Fidelity of Vascular Information on the Internet - p. 2654 252. Index - p. I-1
Encyclopedic, definitive, and state-of-the-art in the field of vascular disease and its medical, surgical, and interventional management, Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy offers authoritative guidance from the most respected and innovative global thought leaders and clinical and basic science experts of our time. The thoroughly revised 10th Edition, published in association with the Society for Vascular Surgery and authored by multidisciplinary and international contributors, is an outstanding reference for vascular surgeons, vascular medicine specialists, interventional radiologists and cardiologists, and their trainees who depend upon Rutherford’s in their practice. Under the expert editorial guidance of Drs. Anton N. Sidawy and Bruce A. Perler, it is quite simply the most complete and most reliable resource available on the art and science of circulatory diseases.
1. Cover image - p. i 2. Title page - p. ii 3. Table of Contents - p. iii 4. Copyright - p. iv 5. Associate Editors - p. v 6. Dedication - p. vi 7. Contributors - p. vii 8. Preface - p. xxix 9. Common Abbreviations - p. xliii 10. Videos - p. xlvi 11. Volume 1 - p. xlvi 12. Section 1. Basic Science - p. xlvi 13. Chapter 1. Epidemiology and Research Methodology - p. 1 14. Chapter 2. Embryology and Developmental Anatomy - p. 13 15. Chapter 3. Vessel Wall Biology - p. 29 16. Chapter 4. Atherosclerosis - p. 41 17. Chapter 5. Intimal Hyperplasia - p. 51 18. Chapter 6. Ischemia-Reperfusion - p. 62 19. Chapter 7. Arteriogenesis and Angiogenesis - p. 72 20. Chapter 8. Arterial Hemodynamics - p. 88 21. Chapter 9. Venous Pathophysiology - p. 100 22. Chapter 10. Lymphatic Pathophysiology - p. 108 23. Section 2. Atherosclerotic Risk Factors - p. 126.e5 24. Chapter 11. Smoking - p. 127 25. Chapter 12. Diabetes - p. 132 26. Chapter 13. Hyperlipidemia - p. 143 27. Chapter 14. Hypertension - p. 161 28. Chapter 15. Familial Arteriosclerosis - p. 177 29. Chapter 16. Less Commonly Considered Causes of Atherosclerosis - p. 188 30. Chapter 17. International and Ethnic Trends in Vascular Disease - p. 195 31. Section 3. Clinical and Vascular Laboratory Evaluation - p. 205.e2 32. Chapter 18. Noninvasive Vascular Laboratory Quality Assurance and Accreditation - p. 206 33. Chapter 19. Clinical Evaluation of the Arterial System - p. 213 34. Chapter 20. Clinical Evaluation of the Venous and Lymphatic Systems - p. 223 35. Chapter 21. Vascular Laboratory: Arterial Physiologic Assessment - p. 238 36. Chapter 22. Vascular Laboratory: Arterial Duplex Scanning - p. 253 37. Chapter 23. Techniques to Assess Tissue Perfusion in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease - p. 265 38. Chapter 24. Vascular Laboratory: Venous Physiologic Assessment - p. 279 39. Chapter 25. Vascular Laboratory: Venous Duplex Scanning - p. 286 40. Section 4. Vascular Imaging - p. 306.e3 41. Chapter 26. Radiation Safety - p. 307 42. Chapter 27. Arteriography - p. 317 43. Chapter 28. Venography - p. 337 44. Chapter 29. Computed Tomography - p. 352 45. Chapter 30. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arteriography - p. 366 46. Chapter 31. Vascular PET/CT and SPECT/CT - p. 392 47. Chapter 32. Intravascular Ultrasound - p. 405 48. Chapter 33. The Future of Imaging for Endovascular and Open Surgery - p. 418 49. Section 5. Perioperative Care - p. 431.e2 50. Chapter 34. Preoperative Evaluation and Management - p. 432 51. Chapter 35. Intraoperative Management - p. 443 52. Chapter 36. Postoperative Management - p. 456 53. Chapter 37. Hospital Readmissions in Vascular Surgery - p. 469 54. Section 6. Bleeding and Clotting - p. 476.e2 55. Chapter 38. Normal Coagulation - p. 477 56. Chapter 39. Disorders of Coagulation: Hemorrhage - p. 494 57. Chapter 40. Disorders of Coagulation: Hypercoagulable States - p. 514 58. Chapter 41. Anticoagulant Therapy - p. 526 59. Chapter 42. Antiplatelet Agents - p. 539 60. Chapter 43. Thrombolytic Agents - p. 550 61. Section 7. Complications - p. 563.e4 62. Chapter 44. Systemic Complications: Cardiac - p. 564 63. Chapter 45. Systemic Complications: Respiratory - p. 577 64. Chapter 46. Systemic Complications: Renal - p. 587 65. Chapter 47. Systemic Complications: Neurologic - p. 602 66. Chapter 48. Graft Thrombosis - p. 614 67. Chapter 49. Graft Infection - p. 625 68. Chapter 50. Anastomotic Aneurysms - p. 640 69. Chapter 51. Local Complications: Aortoenteric Fistula - p. 653 70. Chapter 52. Local Endovascular Complications and their Management - p. 663 71. Chapter 53. Venous Complications - p. 677 72. Chapter 54. Local Complications: Lymphatic - p. 685 73. Section 8. Technique - p. 693.e2 74. Chapter 55. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Vascular Exposure - p. 694 75. Chapter 56. Abdominal Vascular Exposures - p. 704 76. Chapter 57. Cerebrovascular Exposure - p. 721 77. Chapter 58. Lower Extremity Arterial Exposure - p. 734 78. Chapter 59. Upper Extremity Vascular Exposure - p. 751 79. Chapter 60. Spinal Operative Exposure - p. 762 80. Chapter 61. Open Surgical Technique - p. 771 81. Chapter 62. Endovascular Diagnostic Technique - p. 790 82. Chapter 63. Endovascular Therapeutic Technique - p. 803 83. Chapter 64. Laparoscopic and Robotic Aortic Surgery - p. 826 84. Section 9. Grafts and Devices - p. 837.e2 85. Chapter 65. Autogenous Grafts (Including Vein Harvest, Surgical and Endoscopic) - p. 838 86. Chapter 66. Prosthetic Grafts - p. 849 87. Chapter 67. Biologic Grafts - p. 863 88. Chapter 68. Bioengineered Vascular Grafts - p. 874 89. Chapter 69. Nonaortic Stents and Stent Grafts - p. 886 90. Chapter 70. Novel and Evolving Aortic Endovascular Devices - p. 897 91. Section 10. Abdominal Aortic and Iliac Aneurysms - p. 904.e2 92. Chapter 71. Arterial Aneurysms: Etiology, Epidemiology, and Natural History - p. 905 93. Chapter 72. Aortoiliac Aneurysms: Evaluation, Decision Making, and Medical Management - p. 914 94. Chapter 73. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Open Surgical Treatment - p. 925 95. Chapter 74. Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Techniques - p. 948 96. Chapter 75. Aortoiliac Aneurysms: Endovascular Treatment - p. 960 97. Chapter 76. Ruptured Aortoiliac Aneurysms and their Management - p. 976 98. Chapter 77. Isolated Iliac Artery Aneurysms and their Management - p. 995 99. Section 11. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections - p. 1009.e3 100. Chapter 78. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Etiology, Epidemiology, Natural History, Medical Management, and Decision Making - p. 1010 101. Chapter 79. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms: Open Surgical Treatment - p. 1027 102. Chapter 80. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: Endovascular Treatment - p. 1049 103. Chapter 81. Aortic Stent Graft and Endovascular Treatment of Thoracoabdominal and Aortic Arch Aneurysms: Strategies for Operative Repair - p. 1068 104. Chapter 82. Fenestrated and Branched Endograft Treatment of Juxtarenal, Paravisceral, Thoracoabdominal, and Aortic Arch Aneurysms: Device Selection and Technical Considerations - p. 1081 105. Chapter 83. Aortic Dissection: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Medical and Surgical Management - p. 1098 106. Chapter 84. Penetrating Aortic Ulcers - p. 1112 107. Section 12. Peripheral and Splanchnic Aneurysms - p. 1118.e2 108. Chapter 85. Lower Extremity Aneurysms - p. 1119 109. Chapter 86. Upper Extremity Aneurysms - p. 1136 110. Chapter 87. Visceral Artery Aneurysms - p. 1150 111. Section 13. Cerebrovascular Diseases - p. 1162.e4 112. Chapter 88. Cerebrovascular Disease: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 1163 113. Chapter 89. Cerebrovascular Disease: The Unstable Carotid Plaque - p. 1179 114. Chapter 90. Carotid Artery Disease and Cognitive Functional Decline - p. 1186 115. Chapter 91. Cerebrovascular Disease: Diagnostic Evaluation - p. 1193 116. Chapter 92. Cerebrovascular Disease: Decision Making Including Optimal Medical Therapy - p. 1203 117. Chapter 93. Carotid Endarterectomy - p. 1220 118. Chapter 94. Carotid Artery Stenting - p. 1241 119. Chapter 95. Endovascular Management of Large Vessel Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke - p. 1258 120. Chapter 96. Cerebrovascular Disease: Carotid Artery Dissection - p. 1269 121. Chapter 97. Carotid Artery Aneurysms - p. 1277 122. Chapter 98. Carotid Body Tumors - p. 1291 123. Chapter 99. Unusual Carotid Artery Conditions - p. 1301 124. Chapter 100. Vertebral Artery Dissection and Other Conditions - p. 1311 125. Chapter 101. Brachiocephalic Artery Disease: Surgical Treatment - p. 1325 126. Chapter 102. Brachiocephalic Artery Disease: Endovascular Management - p. 1340 127. Volume 2 - p. 1352.e3 128. Section 14. Acute Limb Ischemia - p. 1352.e3 129. Chapter 103. Acute Limb Ischemia: Evaluation, Decision Making, and Medical Treatment - p. 1353 130. Chapter 104. Acute Limb Ischemia: Surgical and Endovascular Treatment - p. 1364 131. Chapter 105. Compartment Syndrome and its Management - p. 1387 132. Chapter 106. Atheromatous Embolization and its Management - p. 1398 133. Section 15. Lower Extremity Chronic Arterial Disease - p. 1411.e4 134. Chapter 107. Lower Extremity Arterial Occlusive Disease: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 1412 135. Chapter 108. Lower Extremity Arterial Disease: Decision Making and Medical Treatment - p. 1422 136. Chapter 109. Aortoiliac Disease: Direct Reconstruction - p. 1434 137. Chapter 110. Aortoiliac Disease: Open Extra-Anatomic Bypass - p. 1452 138. Chapter 111. Aortoiliac Disease: Endovascular Treatment - p. 1460 139. Chapter 112. Infrainguinal Disease: Surgical Treatment - p. 1476 140. Chapter 113. Infrainguinal Disease: Endovascular Therapy - p. 1502 141. Chapter 114. Lower Extremity Amputations: Epidemiology, Procedure Selection, and Rehabilitation Outcomes - p. 1515 142. Chapter 115. Lower Extremity Amputations: Operative Techniques and Results - p. 1529 143. Section 16. The Diabetic Foot and its Management - p. 1547.e3 144. Chapter 116. General Considerations of Diabetic Foot Ulcers - p. 1548 145. Chapter 117. Diabetic Foot Abnormalities and their Management - p. 1561 146. Chapter 118. Wound Care - p. 1569 147. Chapter 119. Podiatric and Vascular Teams - p. 1586 148. Section 17. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease - p. 1592.e1 149. Chapter 120. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Diagnostic Evaluation - p. 1593 150. Chapter 121. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Medical, Endovascular, and Open Surgical Management - p. 1601 151. Chapter 122. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Amputation - p. 1611 152. Section 18. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome - p. 1625.e2 153. Chapter 123. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Diagnostic Evaluation - p. 1626 154. Chapter 124. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Neurogenic - p. 1638 155. Chapter 125. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Arterial - p. 1655 156. Chapter 126. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Venous - p. 1665 157. Section 19. Renovascular Disease - p. 1677.e2 158. Chapter 127. Renovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, and Medical Management - p. 1678 159. Chapter 128. Renovascular Disease: Open Surgical Treatment - p. 1691 160. Chapter 129. Renovascular Disease: Endovascular Treatment - p. 1703 161. Chapter 130. Renovascular Disease: Acute Occlusive and Ischemic Events - p. 1714 162. Chapter 131. Renovascular Disease: Aneurysms and Arteriovenous Fistulae - p. 1725 163. Chapter 132. Renovascular and Aortic Developmental Disorders - p. 1735 164. Section 20. Mesenteric Vascular Disease - p. 1745.e2 165. Chapter 133. Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Management - p. 1746 166. Chapter 134. Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Management - p. 1760 167. Chapter 135. Mesenteric Arterial Dissection - p. 1779 168. Chapter 136. Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management - p. 1788 169. Chapter 137. Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis - p. 1799 170. Section 21. Nonatherosclerotic Arterial Diseases - p. 1808.e2 171. Chapter 138. Vasculitis and Other Uncommon Arteriopathies - p. 1809 172. Chapter 139. Thromboangiitis Obliterans - p. 1823 173. Chapter 140. Takayasu Arteritis - p. 1843 174. Chapter 141. Aneurysms Caused by Connective Tissue Abnormalities - p. 1858 175. Chapter 142. Raynaud Phenomenon - p. 1877 176. Chapter 143. Fibromuscular Dysplasia - p. 1890 177. Chapter 144. Nonatheromatous Popliteal Artery Disease - p. 1911 178. Chapter 145. Infected Arterial Aneurysms - p. 1926 179. Section 22. Acute Venous Thromboembolic Disease - p. 1937.e4 180. Chapter 146. Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 1938 181. Chapter 147. Venous Thromboembolic Disease: Mechanical and Pharmacologic Prophylaxis - p. 1948 182. Chapter 148. Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Medical Treatment - p. 1955 183. Chapter 149. Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis: Surgical and Interventional Treatment - p. 1970 184. Chapter 150. Acute Upper Extremity and Catheter-Related Venous Thrombosis - p. 1985 185. Chapter 151. Superficial Thrombophlebitis and its Management - p. 1989 186. Chapter 152. Pulmonary Embolism: Presentation, Natural History, and Treatment - p. 1997 187. Chapter 153. Vena Cava Interruption - p. 2013 188. Section 23. Chronic Venous Disorders - p. 2030.e4 189. Chapter 154. Varicose Veins: Surgical Treatment - p. 2031 190. Chapter 155. Varicose Veins: Endovenous Ablation and Sclerotherapy - p. 2049 191. Chapter 156. Postthrombotic Syndrome: Natural History, Pathophysiology, and Etiology - p. 2063 192. Chapter 157. Treatment of Chronic Venous Disorders - p. 2070 193. Chapter 158. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Treatment of Perforator Vein Incompetence - p. 2085 194. Chapter 159. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Deep Vein Valve Reconstruction - p. 2098 195. Chapter 160. Iliocaval Venous Obstruction: Surgical Treatment - p. 2112 196. Chapter 161. Iliocaval Venous Obstruction: Endovascular Treatment - p. 2132 197. Section 24. Miscellaneous Venous Conditions - p. 2147.e1 198. Chapter 162. Superior Vena Cava Occlusion and Management - p. 2148 199. Chapter 163. Congenital Occlusion/Absence of Inferior Vena Cava - p. 2163 200. Chapter 164. Portal Hypertension - p. 2171 201. CHAPTER 165. Nutcracker Syndrome - p. 2183 202. CHAPTER 166. Venous Aneurysms and their Management - p. 2195 203. Section 25. Lymphedema - p. 2201.e1 204. Chapter 167. Lymphedema: Evaluation and Decision Making - p. 2202 205. Chapter 168. Lymphedema: Nonoperative Treatment - p. 2215 206. Chapter 169. Lymphedema: Surgical Treatment - p. 2230 207. Section 26. Vascular Malformations - p. 2244.e3 208. Chapter 170. Congenital Vascular Malformations: General Considerations - p. 2245 209. Chapter 171. Congenital Vascular Malformations: Surgical Management - p. 2267 210. Chapter 172. Congenital Vascular Malformations: Endovascular Management - p. 2276 211. Chapter 173. Acquired Arteriovenous Fistulas - p. 2291 212. Section 27. Hemodialysis Access - p. 2308.e5 213. Chapter 174. Hemodialysis Access: General Considerations and Strategies to Optimize Access Placement - p. 2309 214. Chapter 175. Hemodialysis Access: Complex - p. 2323 215. CHAPTER 176. Hemodialysis Access: Dialysis Catheters - p. 2337 216. Chapter 177. Hemodialysis Access: Failing and Thrombosed - p. 2347 217. Chapter 178. Hemodialysis Access: Nonthrombotic Complications - p. 2358 218. Section 28. Vascular Trauma - p. 2369.e7 219. Chapter 179. Vascular Trauma: Epidemiology and Natural History - p. 2370 220. Chapter 180. Vascular Trauma: Head and Neck - p. 2383 221. Chapter 181. Thoracic Vascular Trauma - p. 2397 222. Chapter 182. Vascular Trauma: Abdominal - p. 2411 223. Chapter 183. Vascular Trauma: Extremity - p. 2430 224. Chapter 184. Conditions Arising from Repetitive Trauma and Occupational Vascular Problems - p. 2444 225. Section 29. Special Issues in Pediatric Vascular Surgery - p. 2452.e2 226. Chapter 185. Special Techniques in Pediatric Vascular Surgery - p. 2453 227. Chapter 186. Aortic and Arterial Aneurysms in the Pediatric Population - p. 2461 228. Chapter 187. Pediatric Vascular Tumors - p. 2471 229. Chapter 188. Vascular Trauma in the Pediatric Population - p. 2483 230. Chapter 189. Placement of Arteriovenous Dialysis Access and Central Catheters in the Pediatric Patient - p. 2494 231. Chapter 190. Acute Pediatric Arterial Occlusion - p. 2501 232. Section 30. Miscellaneous Conditions - p. 2509.e1 233. Chapter 191. Erectile Dysfunction - p. 2510 234. Chapter 192. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome - p. 2522 235. Chapter 193. Current Role of Sympathectomy (Upper and Lower) - p. 2533 236. Chapter 194. Abdominal Vascular Tumors and their Management - p. 2545 237. Chapter 195. Vascular Reconstruction in Oncologic Surgery - p. 2560 238. Chapter 196. Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome - p. 2573 239. Section 31. Business of Vascular Surgery - p. 2577.e1 240. CHAPTER 197. Development of a Multispecialty Practice and Operation of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers - p. 2578 241. CHAPTER 198. Development and Successful Operation of an Outpatient Vascular Center - p. 2587 242. Chapter 199. Development and Operation of Outpatient Dialysis Access Centers - p. 2598 243. Chapter 200. Alternative Payment Models in Vascular Surgery - p. 2604 244. Chapter 201. Improving Quality and the Value of a Vascular Registry to the Practice - p. 2607 245. Chapter 202. Health and Wellness for the Vascular Surgeon - p. 2620 246. Section 32. The Use of Technology Platforms and Social Media in Vascular Surgery - p. 2626.e3 247. Chapter 203. Online Branding and Marketing a Vascular Surgery Practice - p. 2627 248. Chapter 204. Telemedicine in Vascular Surgery Practice - p. 2634 249. Chapter 205. Internet-Based Surveillance of Vascular Disease and Reconstructions - p. 2641 250. Chapter 206. Social Media in Vascular Surgery - p. 2646 251. Chapter 207. The Quality and Fidelity of Vascular Information on the Internet - p. 2654 252. Index - p. I-1
